Synthesis of mesogenic phthalocyanine-C₆₀ donor–acceptor dyads designed for molecular heterojunction photovoltaic devices

• Yves Henri Geerts,
• Olivier Debever,
• Claire Amato and
• Sergey Sergeyev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 49, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.49

• /bjoc.5.49 Abstract A series of phthalocyanine-C60 dyads 2a–d was synthesized. Key steps in their synthesis are preparation of the low symmetry phthalocyanine intermediate by the statistical condensation of two phthalonitriles, and the final esterification of the fullerene derivative bearing a free COOH

• example of LC phthalocyanine-C60 dyads. Keywords: donor–acceptor dyad; fullerene; liquid crystals; phthalocyanine; phthalonitrile; Introduction Among sustainable energy technologies, photovoltaic (PV) conversion of solar energy is considered as a promising solution. Although currently the market is

• expect that for such high order of self-organization, liquid crystalline (LC) materials will be beneficial, because they combine order and fluidity, which allows the self-healing of structural defects [8]. One of the most widely used molecules in the bulk heterojunction PV devices is fullerene C60

Progress in liquid crystal chemistry

• Sabine Laschat

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 48, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.48

• diverse topics such as phthalocyanine-fullerene hybrid materials for photovoltaic devices, functional metallomesogens, coaxial electrospinning of liquid crystal-containing microfibers, banana-discotic hybrid systems, ionic liquid crystals, relations between molecular length distribution and formation of

New diarylmethanofullerene derivatives and their properties for organic thin- film solar cells

• Daisuke Sukeguchi,
• Surya Prakash Singh,
• Mamidi Ramesh Reddy,
• Hideyuki Yoshiyama,
• Rakesh A. Afre,
• Yasuhiko Hayashi,
• Hiroki Inukai,
• Tetsuo Soga,
• Shuichi Nakamura,
• Norio Shibata and
• Takeshi Toru

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 7, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.7

• -hexylthiophene) (P3HT) as the electron-donor and diarylmethanofullerene derivatives as the electron-acceptor material were examined. The {(methoxycarbonyl)phenyl[bis(octyloxy)phenyl]methano}fullerene showed power conversion efficiency as high as PCBM, but had higher solubility in a variety of organic solvents

• heterojunction solar cells; fullerene derivatives; high open-circuit voltage; Introduction Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic cells consisting of thin-film composites of conjugated polymers (donors) and fullerene derivatives (acceptors) are promising candidates for inexpensive, renewable solar energy conversion

• properties as acceptors, but it is still important to study the structure-efficiency relationship of the fullerene structure in order to develop highly efficient OPVs. The design of highly soluble derivatives of PCBM has also attracted much attention because 3D architectures such as vesicles and fibers are

Synthesis of thienyl analogues of PCBM and investigation of morphology of mixtures in P3HT

• Fukashi Matsumoto,
• Kazuyuki Moriwaki,
• Yuko Takao and
• Toshinobu Ohno

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2008, 4, No. 33, doi:10.3762/bjoc.4.33

• methanofullerenes was performed by using dichloromethane as a solvent. es-TThCBM (3d) exhibited 1.4 times greater solubility in dichloromethane than PCBM. Keywords: fullerene; morphology; organic fullerenes; PCBM; photovoltaic cell; Introduction The demand for inexpensive, renewable energy sources continues to

• ]. Recently, bulk heterojunction solar cells consisting of a conjugated polymer (donor) and fullerene derivatives (acceptors) have inspired much scientific research owing to these reasons [8][9]. In this research, it has been demonstrated that the PV cells based on regio-regular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT

• exploring new acceptor materials have not been performed. In particular, there is no research focusing on how the structure of fullerene derivatives affects the morphology of the active layer of a PV device. However, it is essential to explore novel fullerene derivatives in order to achieve a significant