Hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate as a new recyclable solid base catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation in water

• Monika Gupta,
• Rajive Gupta and
• Medha Anand

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 68, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.68

• Monika Gupta Rajive Gupta Medha Anand Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu 180 006, India 10.3762/bjoc.5.68 Abstract The Knoevenagel condensation between aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate or malonic acid with hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate in

• water is described. HAP–Cs2CO3 was found to be a highly active, stable and recyclable catalyst under the reaction conditions. Keywords: ethyl cyanoacetate; hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate; Knoevenagel condensation; malonic acid; malononitrile; Introduction An area of recent intense

• caesium carbonate (HAP–Cs2CO3) and its effective application to the Knoevenagel condensation between different aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile or ethyl cyanoacetate or malonic acid by stirring in water at 80–100 °C. The products were obtained in high yield and purity. Results and Discussion

An expedient and new synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-b]pyridazine derivatives

• Rajeshwar Reddy Sagyam,
• Ravinder Buchikonda,
• Jaya Prakash Pitta,
• Himabindu Vurimidi,
• Pratap Reddy Padi and
• Mahesh Reddy Ghanta

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 66, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.66

• condensation reactions, such as the condensation of oxazolo[3,2-b]pyridazinium perchlorates with malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate and ethyl malonate in the presence of sodium ethoxide [15]; the condensation of 1,4,7-triketones with hydrazine followed by dehydrogenation [16]; the condensation of cyanoacetic

The tert- amino effect in heterocyclic chemistry: Synthesis of new fused pyrazolinoquinolizine and 1,4-oxazinopyrazoline derivatives

• Dipak Prajapati and
• Kalyan Jyoti Borah

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2007, 3, No. 43, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-3-43

• malononitrile and cyanoacetamide followed by cyclisation using anhydrous zinc chloride. Background The N-phenyl-3-substituted 5-pyrazolone derivatives are organic compounds that have been known since 1883; they are very useful as intermediates for pharmaceuticals and are used as anti-inflammatory agents and

2-Arylhydrazononitriles as building blocks in heterocyclic synthesis: A novel route to 2-substituted- 1,2,3-triazoles and 1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-b]pyridines

• Saleh M. Al-Mousawi and
• Moustafa Sh. Moustafa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2007, 3, No. 12, doi:10.1186/1860-5397-3-12

• cyclized into the corresponding oxadiazole 4 on refluxing in acetic anhydride. When refluxed in DMF in presence of piperidine, the corresponding 1,2,3-triazoleamine 5 was formed. The latter was acylated to 6 by addition of acetic anhydride while treatment of 5 with malononitrile gave the 1,2,3-triazolo

• al, [14] and the possibility that the really formed product is the 5-amino-1,2,4-triazole 7. We decided to investigate further the chemical reactivity pattern of the cyclized product (Scheme 1) to support our conclusion. Compound 5 was reacted with malononitrile in refluxing DMF to yield the