Search results

Search for "anions" in Full Text gives 370 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry. Showing first 200.

Syntheses and chemical properties of β-nicotinamide riboside and its analogues and derivatives

  • Mikhail V. Makarov and
  • Marie E. Migaud

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 401–430, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.36

Graphical Abstract
  • salts are not considered as pharmaceutically acceptable in general, the triflate form of NR+ must be converted to salts with pharmaceutically acceptable counter anions, such as chloride, before becoming a consumable product. Ion exchange was used by Szczepankiewicz et al. [32] to generate the
PDF
Album
Review
Published 13 Feb 2019

Thiol-free chemoenzymatic synthesis of β-ketosulfides

  • Adrián A. Heredia,
  • Martín G. López-Vidal,
  • Marcela Kurina-Sanz,
  • Fabricio R. Bisogno and
  • Alicia B. Peñéñory

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 378–387, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.34

Graphical Abstract
  • ; sulfoxide; thiol-free; Introduction Throughout the years, several strategies have been developed to build up organic compounds bearing a sulfide moiety [1][2]. Often, thiols (or the corresponding thiolate anions) are employed as nucleophilic sulfur reagents in order to react with a suitable electrophile [3
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 11 Feb 2019

First synthesis of cryptands with sucrose scaffold

  • Patrycja Sokołowska,
  • Michał Kowalski and
  • Sławomir Jarosz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 210–217, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.20

Graphical Abstract
  • convenient chiral platform for such macrocycles [9][10]. Several of them, such as 5 (Figure 1), are able to differentiate enantiomers of α-phenylethylammonium salt [11][12]. Sucrose dimers containing two urea or thiourea units (6 or 7) are able to complex anions [13][14]. More complex derivatives with
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Jan 2019

A simple and effective preparation of quercetin pentamethyl ether from quercetin

  • Jin Tatsuzaki,
  • Tomohiko Ohwada,
  • Yuko Otani,
  • Reiko Inagi and
  • Tsutomu Ishikawa

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 3112–3121, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.291

Graphical Abstract
  • to rotation of the OH group at 5 position destabilizes the system dramatically, as in 2C, by 9.7 kcal/mol (in the gas phase) and 5.4 kcal/mol (in DMSO); however, the hydrogen bond is not crucial for the overall planar structure. The structures and energies of all possible isomeric mono-anions derived
  • . The relative energies of all isomeric oxyanions are shown in Figure 4. All the monoanions (anions 2A) derived from the stable neutral conformer 2A were more stable than those (anions 2B) from the conformer 2B. Among the oxyanions at the OH group at 3 position (3-anions), we calculated the species (3
  • unstable species among the anions 2A, and the negative charge of the anionic oxygen is small (−0.679). While the thermodynamic stability (instability) and kinetic reactivity in methylation reaction do not always coincide, these features are consistent with the experimental finding that the OH group at 5
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 28 Dec 2018

Nucleofugal behavior of a β-shielded α-cyanovinyl carbanion

  • Rudolf Knorr and
  • Barbara Schmidt

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 3018–3024, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.281

Graphical Abstract
  • fission may also be used to generate different metal derivatives of the nucleofugal anions as equilibrium components. Fluoride-catalyzed, metal-free desilylation admitted carbonyl addition but blocked the retro-addition. Keywords: alkoxide fission; desilylation; fragmentation; retro-addition; reversible
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 11 Dec 2018

Reactions of 3-(p-substituted-phenyl)-5-chloromethyl-1,2,4-oxadiazoles with KCN leading to acetonitriles and alkanes via a non-reductive decyanation pathway

  • Akın Sağırlı and
  • Yaşar Dürüst

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 3011–3017, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.280

Graphical Abstract
  • anions, cyanoimine salt intermediate A forms by addition to a nitrile. Then, a possible cyanogen release would occur to form intermediate B. The imine–enamine tautomerization of B by the effect of in situ-generated HCN results in the desired decyanated product 4 (Scheme 2). Conclusion In summary, we
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 10 Dec 2018
Graphical Abstract
  • trichloroacetate and trifluoroacetate anions 47b,c. Following this method, various aromatic aldehydes bearing electron-withdrawing or donating groups (-NO2, -Cl, -OMe, -Me) 7 have been used to prepare the desired products in 85–95% yields. Aliphatic aldehydes produced complex mixtures of products using these
  • products 8, 59, and 60 in the presence of these solvent-catalyst ILs 56 and 57. The catalytic efficiency of these two ILs (containing chloride or hydrogen sulfate counter anions) were screened in comparison with previously reported sulfonic acid-functionalized ILs derived from pyrazinium, piperazinium
PDF
Album
Review
Published 01 Nov 2018

Calixazulenes: azulene-based calixarene analogues – an overview and recent supramolecular complexation studies

  • Paris E. Georghiou,
  • Shofiur Rahman,
  • Abdullah Alodhayb,
  • Hidetaka Nishimura,
  • Jaehyun Lee,
  • Atsushi Wakamiya and
  • Lawrence T. Scott

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2488–2494, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.225

Graphical Abstract
  • effects of the halide anions are more significant than those of the fluoroborate anion which is weakly coordinating in the salts employed. This can be seen in Table 1 for the relatively smaller changes in the boron-to-nitrogen distances in the DFT-computed optimized geometry structures of the complexes
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 25 Sep 2018

Catalyst-free synthesis of 4-acyl-NH-1,2,3-triazoles by water-mediated cycloaddition reactions of enaminones and tosyl azide

  • Lu Yang,
  • Yuwei Wu,
  • Yiming Yang,
  • Chengping Wen and
  • Jie-Ping Wan

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2348–2353, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.210

Graphical Abstract
  • cycloaddition of azides with activated dipolarophiles such as strained cyclic alkynes, enamines, enolates, electron-deficient olefins, ylides, iminium cations and alkyne anions, etc., have been identified as reliable approaches to access 1,2,3-triazole scaffolds with multiple substitution patterns [39][40][41
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 07 Sep 2018

Dynamic light scattering studies of the effects of salts on the diffusivity of cationic and anionic cavitands

  • Anthony Wishard and
  • Bruce C. Gibb

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2212–2219, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.195

Graphical Abstract
  • regards to the former, we have shown how poorly solvated anions such as SCN− have an affinity for non-polar surfaces. Because of this, they can compete with the interactions between two non-polar surfaces in a host–guest complexation event and can induce an apparent weakening of the hydrophobic effect
  • akin to how these anions can partially unfold proteins. Alternatively, poorly solvated anions can also associate closely with cationic groups, induce charge neutralization, and engender aggregation and/or precipitation. In other words, they can also cause an apparent increase in the hydrophobic effect
  • effects, but these are usually much weaker, and we believe there are two reasons for this. First, simple metal cations are generally more strongly solvated than comparable anions that can induce Hofmeister effects. Second, the anions that predominate in biomacromolecules are carboxylates, phosphates and
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Aug 2018

Selective formation of a zwitterion adduct and bicarbonate salt in the efficient CO2 fixation by N-benzyl cyclic guanidine under dry and wet conditions

  • Yoshiaki Yoshida,
  • Naoto Aoyagi and
  • Takeshi Endo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2204–2211, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.194

Graphical Abstract
  • between two oxygen atoms in two HCO3− anions. Recently, we demonstrated that the bicarbonate salt of the cyclic guanidine derivative was decomposed at three-steps [39]. Similarly, the first weight loss until 96 °C was assigned to the elimination of one pair of CO2 and H2O due to the bicarbonate moiety in
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Aug 2018

Synthesis and supramolecular self-assembly of glutamic acid-based squaramides

  • Juan V. Alegre-Requena,
  • Marleen Häring,
  • Isaac G. Sonsona,
  • Alex Abramov,
  • Eugenia Marqués-López,
  • Raquel P. Herrera and
  • David Díaz Díaz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.180

Graphical Abstract
  • asymmetric catalysis and molecular recognition [5][6]. Besides, squaramides present a dual ability to recognize anions and cations through hydrogen bonding interactions, acting as ion sensors and transmembrane anion transporters [7]. This property has been crucial for the development of new drugs [8][9
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 06 Aug 2018

Chiral bisoxazoline ligands designed to stabilize bimetallic complexes

  • Deepankar Das,
  • Rudrajit Mal,
  • Nisha Mittal,
  • Zhengbo Zhu,
  • Thomas J. Emge and
  • Daniel Seidel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 2002–2011, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.175

Graphical Abstract
  • linkers. In addition, each amide moiety, upon deprotonation (a requirement for complex formation), would provide a formal negative charge on the ligand, thus resulting in increased complex stability while reducing the number of spectator anions associated with the two metals. Different combinations of
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 01 Aug 2018

Synthesis of new p-tert-butylcalix[4]arene-based polyammonium triazolyl amphiphiles and their binding with nucleoside phosphates

  • Vladimir A. Burilov,
  • Guzaliya A. Fatikhova,
  • Mariya N. Dokuchaeva,
  • Ramil I. Nugmanov,
  • Diana A. Mironova,
  • Pavel V. Dorovatovskii,
  • Victor N. Khrustalev,
  • Svetlana E. Solovieva and
  • Igor S. Antipin

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1980–1993, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.173

Graphical Abstract
  • attention to the synthesis of host molecules with high affinity to biologically important anions [1][2][3][4][5]. Among these anions, nucleotide recognition and sensing represents an especially important research area due to the great biological significance of these anions. Adenine-containing nucleotides
  • nucleotides must possess selectivity towards these anions. From this point of view, nucleotide receptors based on polyammonium cations are of great demand because the electrostatic interactions of such polyammonium systems and negatively charged phosphates are strong. Hydrogen bonding [8] and π-stacking
  • highly explosive [29]. Usually azide groups are installed in the upper rim of the macrocycle by a chloromethylation reaction and subsequent nucleophilic substitution by azide anions [30][31] forming rather flexible azidomethyl fragments. In this investigation more rigid arylazide calixarene derivatives
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 31 Jul 2018

Synthesis of 9-arylalkynyl- and 9-aryl-substituted benzo[b]quinolizinium derivatives by Palladium-mediated cross-coupling reactions

  • Siva Sankar Murthy Bandaru,
  • Darinka Dzubiel,
  • Heiko Ihmels,
  • Mohebodin Karbasiyoun,
  • Mohamed M. A. Mahmoud and
  • Carola Schulzke

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1871–1884, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.161

Graphical Abstract
  • tuning of the stereoelectronic or steric properties of substituents. Structures of 9-substituted benzo[b]quinolizinium derivatives 1 and 2. Molecular structures of derivatives 2a (top) and 2b (bottom) in the solid state. Ellipsoids are shown at the 50% probability level. The counter anions and solvent
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Jul 2018

Preparation and X-ray structure of 2-iodoxybenzenesulfonic acid (IBS) – a powerful hypervalent iodine(V) oxidant

  • Irina A. Mironova,
  • Pavel S. Postnikov,
  • Rosa Y. Yusubova,
  • Akira Yoshimura,
  • Thomas Wirth,
  • Viktor V. Zhdankin,
  • Victor N. Nemykin and
  • Mekhman S. Yusubov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1854–1858, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.159

Graphical Abstract
  • selectively affords the respective iodine(V) product after heating at 60 °C for 16 h with almost quantitative conversion. The aqueous solution containing IBS-Na (as sodium salt) and inorganic products resulting from the reduction of NaIO4 was treated with silver nitrate to precipitate I– and IO3– anions. The
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 20 Jul 2018

Design, synthesis and structure of novel G-2 melamine-based dendrimers incorporating 4-(n-octyloxy)aniline as a peripheral unit

  • Cristina Morar,
  • Pedro Lameiras,
  • Attila Bende,
  • Gabriel Katona,
  • Emese Gál and
  • Mircea Darabantu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1704–1722, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.145

Graphical Abstract
  • of the expected 8 H/P-1 unit. On the IR timescale (Figure 4a–d), the comparative spectra of compounds 7a/7b, 7b/trimesic acid, 8/C1 and 9/C3 fully proved the presence of only the tris-carboxylate anions [63][65][66]. (i) The spectrum of dendritic salt 7b was almost the duplicate of that of covalent
  • occurrence of a starburst effect. The “salt”-like nature of the G-2 dendrimers (obtained by a carboxyl/amino 1:3 stoichiometric trimerisation) could be unambiguously assigned by means of 1H NMR (in solution) and IR (solid state), confirming the existence of the only tris-carboxylate anions. TEM analysis
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 09 Jul 2018

A three-armed cryptand with triazine and pyridine units: synthesis, structure and complexation with polycyclic aromatic compounds

  • Claudia Lar,
  • Adrian Woiczechowski-Pop,
  • Attila Bende,
  • Ioana Georgeta Grosu,
  • Natalia Miklášová,
  • Elena Bogdan,
  • Niculina Daniela Hădade,
  • Anamaria Terec and
  • Ion Grosu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1370–1377, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.115

Graphical Abstract
  • titration; 1,3,5-triazine; Introduction Cryptands with C3-symmetric aromatic reference groups are exciting targets, on the one hand due to the challenges encountered in their synthesis and on the other due to their ability (macrobicyclic effect [1]) to form supramolecular assemblies with cations, anions or
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 06 Jun 2018

Imide arylation with aryl(TMP)iodonium tosylates

  • Souradeep Basu,
  • Alexander H. Sandtorv and
  • David R. Stuart

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 1034–1038, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.90

Graphical Abstract
  • approach to N-aryl imides is to employ aniline starting materials (Scheme 1b, left), as was done in the synthesis of pentoxazone and related herbicides [2]. The alternative aromatic substitution approach with imide anions (Scheme 1b, right) is hampered by their low nucleophilicity [3]. Therefore
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Letter
Published 11 May 2018

Electrochemically modified Corey–Fuchs reaction for the synthesis of arylalkynes. The case of 2-(2,2-dibromovinyl)naphthalene

  • Fabiana Pandolfi,
  • Isabella Chiarotto and
  • Marta Feroci

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 891–899, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.76

Graphical Abstract
  • water to dihydrogen and hydroxide anions would be faster than the reduction of 1a. The overall reaction would be a one-electron process catalyzed by water reduction (Scheme 7) [32]. It is thus possible by selecting the electrolysis conditions to synthesize selectively 2-ethynylnaphthalene (2a, Table 1
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 23 Apr 2018

One-pot synthesis of diaryliodonium salts from arenes and aryl iodides with Oxone–sulfuric acid

  • Natalia Soldatova,
  • Pavel Postnikov,
  • Olga Kukurina,
  • Viktor V. Zhdankin,
  • Akira Yoshimura,
  • Thomas Wirth and
  • Mekhman S. Yusubov

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 849–855, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.70

Graphical Abstract
  • improve the yields. Subsequently it was shown that the addition of aqueous potassium bromide can be modified and other counter anions can be introduced to prepare different diaryliodonium salts. This has been demonstrated in the preparation of diaryliodonium salts using 1-iodo-3-trifluoromethylbenzene (1b
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 12 Apr 2018

Phosphodiester models for cleavage of nucleic acids

  • Satu Mikkola,
  • Tuomas Lönnberg and
  • Harri Lönnberg

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 803–837, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.68

Graphical Abstract
PDF
Album
Review
Published 10 Apr 2018

Synthesis of a sucrose-based macrocycle with unsymmetrical monosaccharides "arms"

  • Karolina Tiara,
  • Mykhaylo A. Potopnyk and
  • Sławomir Jarosz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 634–641, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.50

Graphical Abstract
  • ; Introduction Chiral macrocyclic compounds play an important role in supramolecular and biological systems [1][2]. Many of them serve as convenient receptors for cations [3], anions [4], ion pairs [5], neutral molecules [6] etc. Binaphthols [7][8][9], amino acids [10], chiral diamines [11][12], carbohydrates
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 15 Mar 2018

Synthesis and stability of strongly acidic benzamide derivatives

  • Frederik Diness,
  • Niels J. Bjerrum and
  • Mikael Begtrup

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 523–530, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.38

Graphical Abstract
  • inhibitors (Figure 2) [15][16][17][18]. The reported derivatives all displayed activity, but only with similar or reduced potency compared to the corresponding benzoic acid derivatives. Application of deprotonated N-triflylbenzamide derivatives as counter anions in supramolecular crown ether compounds for
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 27 Feb 2018

Progress in copper-catalyzed trifluoromethylation

  • Guan-bao Li,
  • Chao Zhang,
  • Chun Song and
  • Yu-dao Ma

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018, 14, 155–181, doi:10.3762/bjoc.14.11

Graphical Abstract
  • found that the generation rate of trifluoromethyl anions is much higher than the second step affording B and CuI. Thus, there is no sufficient recirculated CuI to react with trifluoromethyl before its decomposition. Optimizations were then performed to overcome this shortcoming in 2009 [12], a series of
  • readily available TMSCF3 (Scheme 2). Similarly, the recycling of CuI was inefficient and led to the degradation of excessive trifluoromethyl anions. Differently, a novel strategy was developed to solve this problem, a Lewis acid such as trialkyl borate was added for the temporary trapping of the in situ
PDF
Album
Review
Published 17 Jan 2018
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities