Search for "isocyanide-based multicomponent reactions (IMCRs)" in Full Text gives 4 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry.
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 906–930, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.88
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: Comparison between a normal sequential reaction and an MCR.
Scheme 2: Synthesis of tetrazoles and hydantoinimide derivatives by consecutive Ugi reactions [17].
Scheme 3: Synthesis of tetrazole-ketopiperazines by two consecutive Ugi reactions [19].
Scheme 4: Synthesis of acylhydrazino bis(1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles) through two hydrazine-Ugi-azide reacti...
Scheme 5: Synthesis of substituted α-aminomethyltetrazoles through two consecutive Ugi reactions (U-4CR and U...
Scheme 6: Synthesis of tetrazole peptidomimetics by direct use of amino acids in two consecutive Ugi reaction...
Scheme 7: One-pot 8CR based on 3 sequential IMCRs [25].
Scheme 8: Combination of IMCRs for the synthesis of substituted 2H-imidazolines [25].
Scheme 9: 6CR involving a tandem combination of Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé and Ugi reaction for the synthesis...
Scheme 10: 5CR involving a tandem combination of Groebke–Blackburn–Bienaymé and Passerini reaction for the syn...
Scheme 11: Synthesis of tubugis via three consecutive IMCRs [27].
Scheme 12: Synthesis of telaprevir through consecutive IMCRs [28].
Scheme 13: Another synthesis of telaprevir through consecutive IMCRs [29].
Scheme 14: a) Synthetic sequence for accessing diverse macrocycles containing the tetrazole nucleus by the uni...
Scheme 15: a) Synthetic sequence for the tetrazolic macrocyclic depsipeptides using a combination of two IMCRs...
Scheme 16: Synthesis of cyclic pentapeptoids by consecutive Ugi reactions [32].
Scheme 17: Synthesis of a cyclic pentapeptoid by consecutive Ugi reactions [32].
Scheme 18: MW-mediated synthesis of a cyclopeptoid by consecutive Ugi reactions [33].
Scheme 19: Synthesis of six cyclic pentadepsipeptoids via consecutive isocyanide-based IMCRs [34].
Scheme 20: Microwave-mediated synthesis of a cyclic heptapeptoid through four consecutive IMCRs [35].
Scheme 21: Macrocyclization of bifunctional building blocks containing diacid/diisonitrile and diamine/diisoni...
Scheme 22: Synthesis of steroid-biaryl ether hybrid macrocycles by MiBs [38].
Scheme 23: Synthesis of biaryl ether-containing macrocycles by MiBs [39].
Scheme 24: Synthesis of natural product-inspired biaryl ether-cyclopeptoid macrocycles [40].
Scheme 25: Synthesis of cholane-based hybrid macrolactams by MiBs [41].
Scheme 26: Synthesis of macrocyclic oligoimine-based DCL using the Ugi-4CR-based quenching approach [42].
Scheme 27: Dye-modified and photoswitchable macrocycles by MiBs [43].
Scheme 28: Synthesis of nonsymmetric cryptands by two sequential double Ugi-4CR-based macrocyclizations [44].
Scheme 29: Synthesis of steroid–aryl hybrid cages by sequential 2- and 3-fold Ugi-4CR-based macrocyclizations [46]....
Scheme 30: Ugi-MiBs approach towards natural product-like macrocycles [47].
Scheme 31: a) Bidirectional macrocyclization of peptides by double Ugi reaction. b) Ugi-4CR for the generation...
Scheme 32: MiBs based on the Passerini-3CR for the synthesis of macrolactones [49].
Scheme 33: Template-driven approach for the synthesis of macrotricycles 170 [50].
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2596–2602, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.256
Graphical Abstract
Figure 1: Tetrazole-containing drugs.
Scheme 1: Synthesis of acylhydrazino bis(1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles) through two hydrazino-Ugi-azide reacti...
Scheme 2: Synthesis of hydrazides 2a–c. Reagents and conditions: (i) N2H4·H2O, EtOH, reflux, 2–3 h; (ii) CH3I...
Scheme 3: Synthesis of acylhydrazino 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles 10a–h through multicomponent reactions invo...
Scheme 4: Synthesis of acylhydrazino 1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles 10i–m through multicomponent reactions invo...
Scheme 5: Synthesis of acylhydrazino bis(1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles) 12a–d.
Scheme 6: Possible postmodification reactions of the acylhydrazino bis(1,5-disubstituted tetrazoles) 12a–d.
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2016, 12, 1269–1301, doi:10.3762/bjoc.12.121
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: The Biginelli condensation.
Scheme 2: The Biginelli reaction of β-ketophosphonates catalyzed by ytterbium triflate.
Scheme 3: Trimethylchlorosilane-mediated Biginelli reaction of diethyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl-2-oxo)phosphona...
Scheme 4: Biginelli reaction of dialkyl (3,3,3-trifluoropropyl-2-oxo)phosphonate with trialkyl orthoformates ...
Scheme 5: p-Toluenesulfonic acid-promoted Biginelli reaction of β-ketophosphonates, aryl aldehydes and urea.
Scheme 6: General Kabachnik–Fields reaction for the synthesis of α-aminophosphonates.
Scheme 7: Phthalocyanine–AlCl catalyzed Kabachnik–Fields reaction of N-Boc-piperidin-4-one with diethyl phosp...
Scheme 8: Kabachnik–Fields reaction of isatin with diethyl phosphite and benzylamine.
Scheme 9: Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticle-supported phosphotungstic acid-catalyzed Kabachnik–Fields reaction of i...
Scheme 10: The Mg(ClO4)2-catalyzed Kabachnik–Fields reaction of 1-tosylpiperidine-4-one.
Scheme 11: An asymmetric version of the Kabachnik–Fields reaction for the synthesis of α-amino-3-piperidinylph...
Scheme 12: A classical Kabachnik–Fields reaction followed by an intramolecular ring-closing reaction for the s...
Scheme 13: Synthesis of (S)-piperidin-2-phosphonic acid through an asymmetric Kabachnik–Fields reaction.
Scheme 14: A modified diastereoselective Kabachnik–Fields reaction for the synthesis of isoindolin-1-one-3-pho...
Scheme 15: A microwave-assisted Kabachnik–Fields reaction toward isoindolin-1-ones.
Scheme 16: The synthesis of 3-arylmethyleneisoindolin-1-ones through a Horner–Wadsworth–Emmons reaction of Kab...
Scheme 17: An efficient one-pot method for the synthesis of ethyl (2-alkyl- and 2-aryl-3-oxoisoindolin-1-yl)ph...
Scheme 18: FeCl3 and PdCl2 co-catalyzed three-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes, anilines, and diet...
Scheme 19: Three-component reaction of 6-methyl-3-formylchromone (75) with hydrazine derivatives or hydroxylam...
Scheme 20: Three-component reaction of 6-methyl-3-formylchromone (75) with thiourea, guanidinium carbonate or ...
Scheme 21: Three-component reaction of 6-methyl-3-formylchromone (75) with 1,4-bi-nucleophiles in the presence...
Scheme 22: One-pot three-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenzaldehydes, amines, and diethyl phosphonate.
Scheme 23: Lewis acid–surfactant combined catalysts for the one-pot three-component reaction of 2-alkynylbenza...
Scheme 24: Lewis acid catalyzed cyclization of different Kabachnik–Fields adducts.
Scheme 25: Three-component synthesis of N-arylisoquinolone-1-phosphonates 119.
Scheme 26: CuI-catalyzed three-component tandem reaction of 2-(2-formylphenyl)ethanones with aromatic amines a...
Scheme 27: Synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ylphosphonates via ytterbium chloride-catalyzed three-component re...
Scheme 28: FeCl3-catalyzed four-component reaction for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepin-2-ylphosphonates.
Scheme 29: Synthesis of indole bisphosphonates through a modified Kabachnik–Fields reaction.
Scheme 30: Synthesis of heterocyclic bisphosphonates via Kabachnik–Fields reaction of triethyl orthoformate.
Scheme 31: A domino Knoevenagel/phospha-Michael process for the synthesis of 2-oxoindolin-3-ylphosphonates.
Scheme 32: Intramolecular cyclization of phospha-Michael adducts to give dihydropyridinylphosphonates.
Scheme 33: Synthesis of fused phosphonylpyrans via intramolecular cyclization of phospha-Michael adducts.
Scheme 34: InCl3-catalyzed three-component synthesis of (2-amino-3-cyano-4H-chromen-4-yl)phosphonates.
Scheme 35: Synthesis of phosphonodihydropyrans via a domino Knoevenagel/hetero-Diels–Alder process.
Scheme 36: Multicomponent synthesis of phosphonodihydrothiopyrans via a domino Knoevenagel/hetero-Diels–Alder ...
Scheme 37: One-pot four-component synthesis of 1,2-dihydroisoquinolin-1-ylphosphonates under multicatalytic co...
Scheme 38: CuI-catalyzed four-component reactions of methyleneaziridines towards alkylphosphonates.
Scheme 39: Ruthenium–porphyrin complex-catalyzed three-component synthesis of aziridinylphosphonates and its p...
Scheme 40: Copper(I)-catalyzed three-component reaction towards 1,2,3-triazolyl-5-phosphonates.
Scheme 41: Three-component reaction of acylphosphonates, isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate to aff...
Scheme 42: Synthesis of (4-imino-3,4-dihydroquinazolin-2-yl)phosphonates via an isocyanide-based three-compone...
Scheme 43: Silver-catalyzed three-component synthesis of (2-imidazolin-4-yl)phosphonates.
Scheme 44: Three-component synthesis of phosphonylpyrazoles.
Scheme 45: One-pot three-component synthesis of 3-carbo-5-phosphonylpyrazoles.
Scheme 46: A one-pot two-step method for the synthesis of phosphonylpyrazoles.
Scheme 47: A one-pot method for the synthesis of (5-vinylpyrazolyl)phosphonates.
Scheme 48: Synthesis of 1H-pyrrol-2-ylphosphonates via the [3 + 2] cycloaddition of phosphonate azomethine yli...
Scheme 49: Three-component synthesis of 1H-pyrrol-2-ylphosphonates.
Scheme 50: The classical Reissert reaction.
Scheme 51: One-pot three-component synthesis of N-phosphorylated isoquinolines.
Scheme 52: One-pot three-component synthesis of 1-acyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline-2-phosphonates and 2-acyl-1,2-dihy...
Scheme 53: Three-component reaction of pyridine derivatives with ethyl propiolate and dialkyl phosphonates.
Scheme 54: Three-component reactions for the phosphorylation of benzothiazole and isoquinoline.
Scheme 55: Three-component synthesis of diphenyl [2-(aminocarbonyl)- or [2-(aminothioxomethyl)-1,2-dihydroisoq...
Scheme 56: Three-component stereoselective synthesis of 1,2-dihydroquinolin-2-ylphosphonates and 1,2-dihydrois...
Scheme 57: Diphosphorylation of diazaheterocyclic compounds via a tandem 1,4–1,2 addition of dimethyl trimethy...
Scheme 58: Multicomponent reaction of alkanedials, acetamide and acetyl chloride in the presence of PCl3 and a...
Scheme 59: An oxidative domino three-component synthesis of polyfunctionalized pyridines.
Scheme 60: A sequential one-pot three-component synthesis of polysubstituted pyrroles.
Scheme 61: Three-component decarboxylative coupling of proline with aldehydes and dialkyl phosphites for the s...
Scheme 62: Three-component domino aza-Wittig/phospha-Mannich sequence for the phosphorylation of isatin deriva...
Scheme 63: Stereoselective synthesis of phosphorylated trans-1,5-benzodiazepines via a one-pot three-component...
Scheme 64: One-pot three-component synthesis of phosphorylated 2,6-dioxohexahydropyrimidines.
Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2014, 10, 544–598, doi:10.3762/bjoc.10.50
Graphical Abstract
Scheme 1: The proposed mechanism of the Passerini reaction.
Scheme 2: The PADAM-strategy to α-hydroxy-β-amino amide derivatives 7. An additional oxidation provides α-ket...
Scheme 3: The general accepted Ugi-mechanism.
Scheme 4: Three commonly applied Ugi/cyclization approaches. a) UDC-process, b) UAC-sequence, c) UDAC-combina...
Scheme 5: Ugi reaction that involves the condensation of Armstrong’s convertible isocyanide.
Scheme 6: Mechanism of the U-4C-3CR towards bicyclic β-lactams.
Scheme 7: The Ugi 4C-3CR towards oxabicyclo β-lactams.
Scheme 8: Ugi MCR between an enantiopure monoterpene based β-amino acid, aldehyde and isocyanide resulting in...
Scheme 9: General MCR for β-lactams in water.
Scheme 10: a) Ugi reaction for β-lactam-linked peptidomimetics. b) Varying the β-amino acid resulted in β-lact...
Scheme 11: Ugi-4CR followed by a Pd-catalyzed Sn2 cyclization.
Scheme 12: Ugi-3CR of dipeptide mimics from 2-substituted pyrrolines.
Scheme 13: Joullié–Ugi reaction towards 2,5-disubstituted pyrrolidines.
Scheme 14: Further elaboration of the Ugi-scaffold towards bicyclic systems.
Scheme 15: Dihydroxyproline derivatives from an Ugi reaction.
Scheme 16: Diastereoselective Ugi reaction described by Banfi and co-workers.
Scheme 17: Similar Ugi reaction as in Scheme 16 but with different acids and two chiral isocyanides.
Scheme 18: Highly diastereoselective synthesis of pyrrolidine-dipeptoids via a MAO-N/MCR-procedure.
Scheme 19: MAO-N/MCR-approach towards the hepatitis C drug telaprevir.
Scheme 20: Enantioselective MAO-U-3CR procedure starting from chiral pyrroline 64.
Scheme 21: Synthesis of γ-lactams via an UDC-sequence.
Scheme 22: Utilizing bifunctional groups to provide bicyclic γ-lactam-ketopiperazines.
Scheme 23: The Ugi reaction provided both γ- as δ-lactams depending on which inputs were used.
Scheme 24: The sequential Ugi/RCM with olefinic substrates provided bicyclic lactams.
Scheme 25: a) The structural and dipole similarities of the triazole unit with the amide bond. b) The copper-c...
Scheme 26: The Ugi/Click sequence provided triazole based peptidomimetics.
Scheme 27: The Ugi/Click reaction as described by Nanajdenko.
Scheme 28: The Ugi/Click-approach by Pramitha and Bahulayan.
Scheme 29: The Ugi/Click-combination by Niu et al.
Scheme 30: Triazole linked peptidomimetics obtained from two separate MCRs and a sequential Click reaction.
Scheme 31: Copper-free synthesis of triazoles via two MCRs in one-pot.
Scheme 32: The sequential Ugi/Paal–Knorr reaction to afford pyrazoles.
Scheme 33: An intramolecular Paal–Knorr condensation provided under basic conditions pyrazolones.
Scheme 34: Similar cyclization performed under acidic conditions provided pyrazolones without the trifluoroace...
Scheme 35: The Ugi-4CR towards 2,4-disubstituted thiazoles.
Scheme 36: Solid phase approach towards thiazoles.
Scheme 37: Reaction mechanism of formation of thiazole peptidomimetics containing an additional β-lactam moiet...
Scheme 38: The synthesis of the trisubstituted thiazoles could be either performed via an Ugi reaction with pr...
Scheme 39: Performing the Ugi reaction with DMB-protected isocyanide gave access to either oxazoles or thiazol...
Scheme 40: Ugi/cyclization-approach towards 2,5-disubstituted thiazoles. The Ugi reaction was performed with d...
Scheme 41: Further derivatization of the thiazole scaffold.
Scheme 42: Three-step procedure towards the natural product bacillamide C.
Scheme 43: Ugi-4CR to oxazoles reported by Zhu and co-workers.
Scheme 44: Ugi-based synthesis of oxazole-containing peptidomimetics.
Scheme 45: TMNS3 based Ugi reaction for peptidomimics containing a tetrazole.
Scheme 46: Catalytic cycle of the enantioselective Passerini reaction towards tetrazole-based peptidomimetics.
Scheme 47: Tetrazole-based peptidomimetics via an Ugi reaction and a subsequent sigmatropic rearrangement.
Scheme 48: Resin-bound Ugi-approach towards tetrazole-based peptidomimetics.
Scheme 49: Ugi/cyclization approach towards γ/δ/ε-lactam tetrazoles.
Scheme 50: Ugi-3CR to pipecolic acid-based peptidomimetics.
Scheme 51: Staudinger–Aza-Wittig/Ugi-approach towards pipecolic acid peptidomimetics.
Figure 1: The three structural isomers of diketopiperazines. The 2,5-DKP isomer is most common.
Scheme 52: UDC-approach to obtain 2,5-DKPs, either using Armstrong’s isocyanide or via ethylglyoxalate.
Scheme 53: a) Ugi reaction in water gave either 2,5-DKP structures or spiro compounds. b) The Ugi reaction in ...
Scheme 54: Solid-phase approach towards diketopiperazines.
Scheme 55: UDAC-approach towards DKPs.
Scheme 56: The intermediate amide is activated as leaving group by acid and microwave assisted organic synthes...
Scheme 57: UDC-procedure towards active oxytocin inhibitors.
Scheme 58: An improved stereoselective MCR-approach towards the oxytocin inhibitor.
Scheme 59: The less common Ugi reaction towards DKPs, involving a Sn2-substitution.
Figure 2: Spatial similarities between a natural β-turn conformation and a DKP based β-turn mimetic [158].
Scheme 60: Ugi-based syntheses of bicyclic DKPs. The amine component is derived from a coupling between (R)-N-...
Scheme 61: Ugi-based synthesis of β-turn and γ-turn mimetics.
Figure 3: Isocyanide substituted 3,4-dihydropyridin-2-ones, dihydropyridines and the Freidinger lactams. Bio-...
Scheme 62: The mechanism of the 4-CR towards 3,4-dihydropyridine-2-ones 212.
Scheme 63: a) Multiple MCR-approach to provide DHP-peptidomimetic in two-steps. b) A one-pot 6-CR providing th...
Scheme 64: The MCR–alkylation–MCR procedure to obtain either tetrapeptoids or depsipeptides.
Scheme 65: U-3CR/cyclization employing semicarbazone as imine component gave triazine based peptidomimetics.
Scheme 66: 4CR towards triazinane-diones.
Scheme 67: The MCR–alkylation–IMCR-sequence described by our group towards triazinane dione-based peptidomimet...
Scheme 68: Ugi-4CR approaches followed by a cyclization to thiomorpholin-ones (a) and pyrrolidines (b).
Scheme 69: UDC-approach for benzodiazepinones.
Scheme 70: Ugi/Mitsunobu sequence to BDPs.
Scheme 71: A UDAC-approach to BDPs with convertible isocyanides. The corresponding amide is cleaved by microwa...
Scheme 72: microwave assisted post condensation Ugi reaction.
Scheme 73: Benzodiazepinones synthesized via the post-condensation Ugi/ Staudinger–Aza-Wittig cyclization.
Scheme 74: Two Ugi/cyclization approaches utilizing chiral carboxylic acids. Reaction (a) provided the product...
Scheme 75: The mechanism of the Gewald-3CR includes three base-catalysed steps involving first a Knoevnagel–Co...
Scheme 76: Two structural 1,4-thienodiazepine-2,5-dione isomers by U-4CR/cyclization.
Scheme 77: Tetrazole-based diazepinones by UDC-procedure.
Scheme 78: Tetrazole-based BDPs via a sequential Ugi/hydrolysis/coupling.
Scheme 79: MCR synthesis of three different tricyclic BPDs.
Scheme 80: Two similar approaches both involving an Ugi reaction and a Mitsunobu cyclization.
Scheme 81: Mitsunobu–Ugi-approach towards dihydro-1,4-benzoxazepines.
Scheme 82: Ugi reaction towards hetero-aryl fused 5-oxo-1,4-oxazepines.
Scheme 83: a) Ugi/RCM-approach towards nine-membered peptidomimetics b) Sequential peptide-coupling, deprotect...
Scheme 84: Ugi-based synthesis towards cyclic RGD-pentapeptides.
Scheme 85: Ugi/MCR-approach towards 12–15 membered macrocycles.
Scheme 86: Stereoselective Ugi/RCM approach towards 16-membered macrocycles.
Scheme 87: Passerini/RCM-sequence to 22-membered macrocycles.
Scheme 88: UDAC-approach towards 12–18-membered depsipeptides.
Figure 4: Enopeptin A with its more active derivative ADEP-4.
Scheme 89: a) The Joullié–Ugi-approach towards ADEP-4 derivatives b) Ugi-approach for the α,α-dimethylated der...
Scheme 90: Ugi–Click-strategy for 15-membered macrocyclic glyco-peptidomimetics.
Scheme 91: Ugi/Click combinations provided macrocycles containing both a triazole and an oxazole moiety.
Scheme 92: a) A solution-phase procedure towards macrocycles. b) Alternative solid-phase synthesis as was repo...
Scheme 93: Ugi/cyclization towards cyclophane based macrocycles.
Scheme 94: PADAM-strategy towards eurystatin A.
Scheme 95: PADAM-approach for cyclotheanamide.
Scheme 96: A triple MCR-approach affording RGD-pentapeptoids.
Scheme 97: Ugi-MiBs-approach towards peptoid macrocycles.
Scheme 98: Passerini-based MiB approaches towards macrocycles 345 and 346.
Scheme 99: Macrocyclic peptide formation by the use of amphoteric aziridine-based aldehydes.