Structural and magnetic properties of microwave-synthesized reduced graphene oxide/VO₂/Fe₂O₃ nanocomposite

• Sumanta Sahoo,
• Ankur Sood and
• Sung Soo Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 921–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.70

• with graphene by applying MW irradiation for certain time intervals. In this context, Zhang et al. reported the synthesis of Ni-Co sulfide/graphene NC through MW irradiation at a power of 1000 W for 60 s [12]. As a supercapacitor (SC) electrode, the MW-synthesized NC displayed a specific capacitance of

Heat-induced transformation of nickel-coated polycrystalline diamond film studied in situ by XPS and NEXAFS

• Olga V. Sedelnikova,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Dmitriy V. Gorodetskiy,
• Yuri N. Palyanov,
• Elena V. Shlyakhova,
• Eugene A. Maksimovskiy,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva and
• Aleksandr V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 887–898, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.67

• SCD surface into graphene requires annealing at temperatures above 800 °C [21]. The annealing of nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films in the presence of a Ni catalyst has been recently explored [22][23][24]. It was shown that graphitization of Ni-coated NCD films begins at a relatively lower

• temperature of about 500 °C [23]. Such a significant decrease in the temperature at which graphitization starts compared to that of the Ni-coated SCD is due to the presence of multiple grain boundaries, along which the diffusion of Ni atoms takes place, facilitating the graphitization process [34]. The

• process occurring at the interface between diamond and Ni nanoparticles was revealed using high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) [19][24]. During annealing, Ni nanoparticles etch the diamond surface, resulting in the formation of a narrow interdiffusion zone. The carbon atoms released

Insights into the electronic and atomic structures of cerium oxide-based ultrathin films and nanostructures using high-brilliance light sources

• Paola Luches and
• Federico Boscherini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 860–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.65

• rationalized the observed high activity of the material in direct methanol fuel cells [37]. Regarding the Ni-CeO2−x(111) system, a study of the methanol reaction revealed that the strong metal–support interactions between Ni and CeO2 determines the high selectivity for CO2 production, instead of the formation

Facile one-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering of Ni/NiO on stainless steel for an efficient electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction

• Ha Huu Do,
• Khac Binh Nguyen,
• Phuong N. Nguyen and
• Hoai Phuong Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 837–846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.63

• 700000, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.16.63 Abstract The advancement of affordable, ultrastable, and efficient electrode materials for basic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) plays a crucial role in industrial hydrogen manufacture, resolving problems caused by carbon dioxide emissions. Ni-based

• . In this study, Ni/NiO nanolayers were prepared on stainless steel (SS) via a facile one-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering with various O2 flow rates. The O2 flow rate not only changed the crystal phase but also affected the morphology and atomic ratio of materials, leading to optimized HER

• efficiency. The evaluation of catalytic activities revealed that the optimal sample of Ni/NiO/SS-10 displayed a higher HER performance than bare SS. To produce H2 at a current density of 10 mA·cm−2, this electrode required a low overpotential of 184 mV and demonstrated remarkable durability over 12 h of

Synthesis and magnetic transitions of rare-earth-free Fe–Mn–Ni–Si-based compositionally complex alloys at bulk and nanoscale

• Shabbir Tahir,
• Tatiana Smoliarova,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia Shkodich and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 823–836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.62

• process. Initially, elemental Mn (99.2%, 3 µm), Fe (99.96%, 10–20 µm), Ni (99.5%, 45–60 µm), Si (99.999%, 45–60 µm), and Ge (99.99%, <250 µm) powders were mixed in the desired stoichiometric proportions and underwent HEBM in a planetary ball mill for 90 min under argon atmosphere and a ball-to-powder

• diameter of ∅ = 10 mm. The preparation procedure for the bulk Ge-based CCA is illustrated in Figure 1a. Preparation of bulk Al-based CCAs The bulk Al-based CCA was produced from elemental Mn (99.6%, <10 µm), Fe (99.5%, 6–10 µm), Ni (99.9%, 3–7 µm), Al (99.5%, 44 µm), and Si (99%, 44 µm) powders. The bulk

• chamber. (a, c) SEM (SE) and EDX elemental maps of Mn, Fe, Ni, Ge, and Si obtained for bulk the Ge-based CCA and Mn, Fe, Ni, Al, and Si, obtained for bulk Ge-based CCA. (b, d) X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the bulk Ge-based CCA and the bulk Al-based CCA, showing the presence of side phases. Particle

Changes of structural, magnetic and spectroscopic properties of microencapsulated iron sucrose nanoparticles in saline

• Sabina Lewińska,
• Pavlo Aleshkevych,
• Roman Minikayev,
• Anna Bajorek,
• Mateusz Dulski,
• Krystian Prusik,
• Tomasz Wojciechowski and
• Anna Ślawska-Waniewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 762–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.59

•  3d confirms the presence, in addition to iron, of elements from additives and organic compounds, such as Si from SiO2, Ca from calcium alginate, and Co most likely from cobalamin. The Na and Cl peaks relating to salt (NaCl), and peaks of P, S, Ni, and Zn (trace levels), were classified as

Nanostructured materials characterized by scanning photoelectron spectromicroscopy

• Matteo Amati,
• Alexey S. Shkvarin,
• Alexander I. Merentsov,
• Alexander N. Titov,
• María Taeño,
• David Maestre,
• Sarah R. McKibbin,
• Zygmunt Milosz,
• Ana Cremades,
• Rainer Timm and
• Luca Gregoratti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 700–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.54

• small in lateral dimensions. The Fe0.25Ni0.25TiSe2 system provides an illustrative example of such a system [14]. The single-crystal growth of a mixture of Fe0.25TiSe2 and Ni0.25TiSe2 results in the formation of a (Fe,Ni)0.25TiSe2 single crystal, which is covered with faceted single-crystal inclusions

• of (Ni,Fe)4Se5 (Figure 1g,h). The identical orientation of the (Ni,Fe)4Se5 crystals indicates that they have undergone coherent coupling with the lattice of the main crystal. The SPEM technique enables the determination of both the composition of inclusions and the shape of the valence band (Figure

• regarding its electronic structure, where emphasis is common for the study of the Ni 2p signal up to now. However, some discrepancies are still reported on the correct assignment of XPS features [45]. Additionally, less research has been done so far in the analysis of the Ni 3p signal, the study of which

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• multiple sources including metal impurities (such as Fe, Ni, or Cu) present in the graphene structure, as well as from the intrinsic electronic properties of graphene itself. Indeed, graphene’s sp2 hybridization and delocalized π electrons can participate in electron transfer reactions, potentially leading

Feasibility analysis of carbon nanofiber synthesis and morphology control using a LPG premixed flame

• Iftikhar Rahman Bishal,
• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Faizuan Bin Abdullah,
• I Putu Tedy Indrayana and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.45

• at 1607 cm−1 and a few broad peaks, indicating less graphitization [14]. In another work, a high-density inductively coupled plasma chemical vapor deposition method yielded vertically aligned CNFs using acetylene and hydrogen on a p-type Si wafer with a 10 nm Ni catalyst layer at 20 mTorr and 550 °C

Zeolite materials with Ni and Co: synthesis and catalytic potential in the selective hydrogenation of citral

• Inocente Rodríguez-Iznaga,
• Yailen Costa Marrero,
• Tania Farias Piñeira,
• Céline Fontaine,
• Lexane Paget,
• Beatriz Concepción Rosabal,
• Arbelio Penton Madrigal,
• Vitalii Petranovskii and
• Gwendoline Lafaye

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 520–529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.40

• produce unsaturated alcohols, suggesting that synergistic Ni–Co interactions played a role in their formation. Keywords: citral hydrogenation; cobalt–nickel mixture; impregnation; ion exchange; natural zeolite; Introduction Numerous publications in the literature highlight zeolites modified with

• and cinnamaldehyde [3][14][15]. Zeolites modified with nickel and cobalt have shown promising results in selective hydrogenation reactions, owing to their high dispersion of active sites and tunable acidity. For instance, a zeolite-supported Ni catalyst has demonstrated selectivity in furfural

• , it can be observed that the Ni and Co concentrations are generally higher in materials obtained through Imp compared to those produced via IE. However, it is important to note that materials obtained by Imp tend to have high chloride contents, whereas those produced by IE exhibit negligible chloride

Size control of nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquids using donut-shaped beams

• Abdel Rahman Altakroury,
• Oleksandr Gatsa,
• Farbod Riahi,
• Zongwen Fu,
• Miroslava Flimelová,
• Andrei Samokhvalov,
• Stephan Barcikowski,
• Carlos Doñate-Buendía,
• Alexander V. Bulgakov and
• Bilal Gökce

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 407–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.31

• , respectively, by PLAL. The Cantor HEA CoCrFeNiMn target of equimolar composition was prepared by employing powder pressing as described in [18]. In brief, elemental powders of Co (purity 99.8%), Cr (99.2%), Fe (99.5%), Mn (99.6%), and Ni (99.9%) with a particle size less than 10 µm (Thermo Fisher Scientific

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• improve the photocatalytic efficiency, several dopants, such as transition metals (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, Co, Cr, Ru, and Ag) or nonmetals (C, N, S, and F) have been introduced into the semiconductor material. Metal and nonmetal dopants have the ability to construct an impurity energy level located below the

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO₂ capture

• Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
• Nicholas Hansen,
• Mahboubeh Motadayen,
• Nina Lock,
• Martin Lahn Henriksen and
• Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

• enhancing CO2 capture in MOFs [55]. The formation of OMSs involves solvent removal upon activation, which establishes uncoordinated metal sites capable of adsorbing guest molecules reversibly [60]. A wide range of OMS-bearing MOFs, including NU-1000, MIL-101, and the M-MOF-74 isoreticular series (M = Mg, Ni

Effect of radiation-induced vacancy saturation on the first-order phase transformation in nanoparticles: insights from a model

• Aram Shirinyan and
• Yuriy Bilogorodskyy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1453–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.117

• HDCMs demonstrate greater stability compared to nanocrystalline pure materials. For example, nanocrystalline NiFe alloys can withstand a much higher radiation dose, twice that of nanocrystalline Ni, and are more stable under prolonged irradiation compared to nanocrystalline elemental Ni [7

• , changes in the structural properties of Ni nanostructures due to ion bombardment have been reported in [15]. Interestingly, certain types of radiation ions have shown a positive effect on the crystal structure, leading to an increase in the degree of crystallinity after the austenitic annealing of defects

Strain-induced bandgap engineering in 2D ψ-graphene materials: a first-principles study

• Kamal Kumar,
• Nora H. de Leeuw,
• Jost Adam and
• Abhishek Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1440–1452, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.116

• geometrical structures of graphene obtained from its half and full hydrogenation are called, respectively, graphone [6] and graphane [7]. Zhao et al. have reported the successful synthesis of graphone on a Ni(111) surface [8]. Their X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD), temperature programmed desorption (TPD

• using different experimental techniques is available. Ni et al. synthesized graphene on a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate and studied the effect of uniaxial strain through Raman spectroscopy [30]. They stretched PET in one direction and found a redshift in the D and G bands for a single

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

• Midhun Murali,
• Amit Banerjee and
• Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

• each DBR layer is calculated by the quarter wavelength formula as follows where λ is the desired central wavelength and ni is the index of the corresponding layer. The value ‘D’ is the combined thickness of the repeating stack, which has been repeated 10 times (D = 321.3 nm for TiO2/LN and D = 443.6 nm

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• macrophages. The reduction of fibrotic formations on the implants is of capital relevance for preventing thrombosis [96]. Hassan et al. [97] investigated graphene coatings on a stainless steel implant to minimize the negative effect of metals contained into the alloy (i.e., Cr, Mo, and Ni). The authors used

• be achieved by replacing GO with a mixture of nanostructured calcium carbonate and rGO [156] or fluorohydroxyapatite and GO [157]. Guo et al. [158] also proved the ability of GO coatings to prevent the release of Ni(II) ions from a nickel–titanium alloy during corrosion. The authors suggested that

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• MEA, as shown in Figure 1. FCC phase GNG CoCrNi MEA substrates with dimensions of 3 nm × 30 nm × 10 nm were used for all cases in this study. The polycrystalline samples consist of randomly oriented grains. The MEA substrates contain 25,952 Co atoms, 26,628 Cr, and 26,746 Ni atoms. Hence, the alloy

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• offered by the same two metals in the bulk, such as Au and Ni [4]. Alloying immiscible elements is feasible in the nanoscale regime because the enthalpy of the mixture decreases as the size of the nanoparticles decreases, and it generally becomes negative below a certain particle size [5]. Silver

Level set simulation of focused ion beam sputtering of a multilayer substrate

• Alexander V. Rumyantsev,
• Nikolai I. Borgardt,
• Roman L. Volkov and
• Yuri A. Chaplygin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 733–742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.61

• Equation 7, taking into account that the atoms originate from the surface element dS and reach the surface element dS1 at the angle γ (see Figure 1b). Using the introduced fluxes and in accordance with [21], the rate was determined as where ni is the atomic density of the i-th material. The incident ion

Gold nanomakura: nanoarchitectonics and their photothermal response in association with carrageenan hydrogels

• Nabojit Das,
• Vikas,
• Akash Kumar,
• Sanjeev Soni and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 678–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.56

• used to measure the optical power of the incident radiation. The net temperature rise of these AuNM suspensions was measured using a "K-type" thermocouple, and data were collected by using a data acquisition card (NI-myDAQ 9214 from National Instruments). The temperature increase and decrease of the

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• ablated metal (Figure 9b) [101]. The first class consists of inert metals (Cu, Ag, Au, Pd, and Pt), which form an elemental metal core with a graphitic carbon shell. Active metals with stable carbides (Ti, V, Nb, Cr, Mo, W, Zr, and Ni) make up the second class and form mixed metal/metal carbide/metal

• reductive nature (e.g., hydrogen). Depending on the nature of the organic solvents, a modification of the nanoparticles or the carbon shell is possible, including doping with heteroatoms from the solvent molecules. Jung et al. produced different phases of Ni nanoparticles in hexane and acetone [156], and

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• [4]. Several magnetic nanomaterials that can be recycled and reused have been developed for catalysis or adsorption [5]. Among them are ferrites with the general formula of MFe2O4 (M: Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). They are important magnetic materials. Among the spinel ferrites, CoFe2O4 (CF) is one of

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• nanocrystals were scanned in continuous mode from 5–40° (2θ) with a step size of 0.02° on a spinning stage at 40 kV and 40 mA with Cu Kα radiation. The incident beam path was equipped with a 0.2 mm divergence slit and a 0.02 mm air scattering screen. The diffracted beam was equipped with Ni-filter. The

Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• to the quality of this interface in terms of its morphology, smoothness, and absence of intergrowth, which defines the mainstream approach in this field. At odds with this approach, a significant SSV effect of ΔTc ≈ 0.3 K in an FeNi/In/Ni heterostructure with intentionally oxidized F/S interfaces was

• demonstrated by Deutscher and Meunier in 1969 [40]. The idea behind the oxidation of the FeNi and Ni layers was to slightly weaken the S/F proximity effect such that the superconductivity in the In layer could not be completely destroyed by the exchange field of the F layers. The authors noted that the thin