Kelvin probe force microscopy of the nanoscale electrical surface potential barrier of metal/semiconductor interfaces in ambient atmosphere

• Petr Knotek,
• Tomáš Plecháček,
• Jan Smolík,
• Petr Kutálek,
• Filip Dvořák,
• Milan Vlček,
• Jiří Navrátil and
• Čestmír Drašar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1401–1411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.138

• crystals of 10–20 mm in length, 3–6 mm in width and up to 3 mm in thickness [31]. The surface of freshly cleaved layered Bi2Se3 single crystals was used as a substrate. The samples for the AFM measurement, Au nanoparticles (NPs) and thin films of gold or molybdenum, were prepared via DC sputtering in a SEM

• Coating System (Bio-Rad) in Ar atmosphere (p ≈ 20 Pa, I = 18 mA, U = 1.4 kV) from pure metal sheets (Mo 4N, Au 4N). For preparing separated Au nanoparticles under the same sputtering conditions, however, a stainless steel mask (system of 100 × 500 μm2 holes, 200 holes/cm2) between the substrate and target

• . This observation can be attributed to quantum size effects [36][44], which are accompanied by a change in the charge transfer from substrate to NPs [45][46]. Metal layers on Bi2Se3 The dependence of the surface contact potential on the size of the separated Au nanoparticles theoretically allows for an

Construction of a 0D/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles/CuBi₂O₄ microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

• Weilong Shi,
• Mingyang Li,
• Hongji Ren,
• Feng Guo,
• Xiliu Huang,
• Yu Shi and
• Yubin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1360–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.134

• photocatalyst consisting of Au nanoparticles (NPs) and CuBi2O4 microrods (Au/CBO) was designed and prepared by a simple thermal reduction–precipitation approach. It shows excellent photocatalytic performance in the degradation of tetracycline (TC). The maximum photocatalytic degradation rate constant for Au/CBO

• , enhancing photoresponse and providing more active sites. Our work shows a possible design of efficient photocatalysts for environmental remediation. Keywords: Au nanoparticles; 0D/1D composite; CuBi2O4 microrods; photocatalysis; photocatalytic degradation; Introduction Heterogeneous semiconductor

• dissolved in distilled water (70 mL) and constantly stirred for 3 h. Then, the mixed precursor was transferred into a 100 mL steel autoclave and heated for 24 h at 180 °C. The precipitate was washed with distilled water, and dried at 60 °C for 12 h to obtain the CBO microrods. Au nanoparticles were loaded

Correlation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the surface density of gold nanoparticles: evaluation of the critical number of SERS tags for a detectable signal

• Vincenzo Amendola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1016–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.102

• plasmonic nanoparticles dispersed on a substrate [38], inside microcavities [39], or even while monitoring electrochemical reactions [40]. This work reports on the study of SERS tags obtained by laser ablation synthesis in liquid solution (LASiS) of gold (Au) nanoparticles, their coating with three

• 100 s. Numerical calculations The local field, Eloc, was calculated with the discrete dipole approximation (DDA) method using the software DDSCAT 7.1 and the related DDFIELD code [44][45][46]. A nanoaggregate of Au nanoparticles was created with same structure taken from a representative TEM picture

• interdipole spacing much smaller than the wavelength of interest [44][45][47]. Therefore, in the present case, 4 × 105 dipoles were used for the target, corresponding to an interdipole spacing of less than 0.5 nm. Results and Discussion In this study, AuNTs consist of a cluster of Au nanoparticles aggregated

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• provides additional potential advantages for in vivo experiments as compared to other inorganic coatings such as silica shells. It is well known [46] that the adsorption of fluorescent dyes on Au nanoparticles can induce quenching of their emission. However, in the AuNRs-PDA-R123-folate, the PDA layer

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• develop SERS substrates. Metal plasmonic nanostructures with specific shapes such as Au nanorods [9], Au nanostars [10], Ag nanocubes [11], porous Au nanoparticles [12] and pyramidal Ag [13] have been successfully synthesized by wet-chemical approaches. These plasmonic nanostructures can be used as SERS

• ]. Likewise, Chamuah et al. employed cleaned diatom frustules as bio-templates for the self-assembly of Au nanoparticles that, when used as a SERS-active substrate, provided a LOD of 1 nM for MG with a relative standard deviation (RSD) value of 7.57% [21]. Pannico and co-workers proved that it was cost

Hydrophilicity and carbon chain length effects on the gas sensing properties of chemoresistive, self-assembled monolayer carbon nanotube sensors

• Juan Casanova-Cháfer,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 565–577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.58

• MWCNTs decorated with Au nanoparticles were analyzed by TEM in order to observe the distribution of metal nanoparticles on the carbon nanotubes. Figure 1 shows that the CNT sidewalls are densely and quite homogeneously decorated with Au nanoparticles (Table S1 in Supporting Information File 1 shows

• quantitative XPS results indicating that the Au content was 5.7 wt % in these samples). A monomodal distribution of Au nanoparticles is obtained with average diameter of about 4 nm. The gold nanoparticles appear very close one to another (typically 10 nm apart), which will affect the gas sensing mechanism, as

• oxygen plasma treatment. However, the presence of such defects in CNTs is essential, since it has been shown that they play the role of nucleation centers and help to anchor the Au nanoparticles during the sputtering process [36]. In other words, the defects help to achieve a dense and homogenous

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• address this goal with the synthesis of metal/carbon composites via the laser-induced deposition method already described for carbon-encapsulated Ag/Au nanoparticles (AgAu/C) [31][32][33]. This practically appealing one-step technique bases on the photo-induced decomposition of a dissolved organometallic

Sputtering of silicon nanopowders by an argon cluster ion beam

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Zhenguo Wang,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Sergey Belykh,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 135–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.13

• observed for particles of ≈8 nm in diameter. The sputtering yield was about three times higher than that of bulk gold. Zimmermann et al. [19] have revealed that the sputtering yield of Au nanoparticles with a radius of 10 nm bombarded by 16 keV or 64 keV Au projectiles is more than double the number

Colloidal chemistry with patchy silica nanoparticles

• Pierre-Etienne Rouet,
• Cyril Chomette,
• Laurent Adumeau,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2989–2998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.278

• mixture was left to react for 2 h, and was centrifuged at 9000 rpm for 30 min (twice) in order to eliminate undesired reactants. The AuNPs@PEG-SH nanoparticles were redispersed in absolute ethanol. To coat the gold nanoparticles with a silica shell, 15 mL of the Au nanoparticles dispersion were mixed

Comparative biological effects of spherical noble metal nanoparticles (Rh, Pd, Ag, Pt, Au) with 4–8 nm diameter

• Alexander Rostek,
• Marina Breisch,
• Kevin Pappert,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Marc Heggen,
• Manfred Köller,
• Christina Sengstock and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2763–2774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.258

• dispersion was stored under argon at 4 °C to avoid oxidation. The yield was about 25% with respect to silver as determined by AAS. PVP-stabilized Au nanoparticles: In a 250 mL two-neck round-bottom flask, 600 mg trisodium citrate and 50 mg tannic acid were dissolved in 150 mL water under stirring and heated

Dumbbell gold nanoparticle dimer antennas with advanced optical properties

• Janning F. Herrmann and
• Christiane Höppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2188–2197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.205

• deposition. Controlled interaction of the glass tip with loosely adhered Au nanoparticles on a glass surface leads to an attachment of the AuNP at the pointed end. This tip-supported AuNP is sequentially functionalized with the corresponding linker molecule, i.e., by dipping the tip-supported AuNP into an

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based membranes of controlled pore size, shape and areal density: Fabrication as well as electrophoretic and molecular filtering characterization

• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Stefan Beirle,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Othmar Marti and
• Alfred Plettl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1390–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.131

• -defined Au nanoparticles (NPs) exhibiting a high degree of hexagonal order as obtained in a first step by a proven micellar approach. These NP arrays serve as masks in a second reactive ion etching (RIE) step optimized for etching Si and some important Si compounds (silicon oxide, silicon nitride) on the

Atomistic modeling of tribological properties of Pd and Al nanoparticles on a graphene surface

• Alexei Khomenko,
• Miroslav Zakharov,
• Denis Boyko and
• Bo N. J. Persson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1239–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.115

• . The friction force depending on A of Au nanoparticles changes from 0.05 nN to 0.3 nN and from 0.1 nN to 0.25 nN for Cu, with A changing from 25 nm2 to 80 nm2 for Au and from 20 nm2 to 50 nm2 for Cu. The shear stress depending on the contact area of Au nanoparticles varies from 55 MPa to 95 MPa and

Surface-plasmon-enhanced ultraviolet emission of Au-decorated ZnO structures for gas sensing and photocatalytic devices

• T. Anh Thu Do,
• Truong Giang Ho,
• Thu Hoai Bui,
• Quang Ngan Pham,
• Hong Thai Giang,
• Thi Thu Do,
• Duc Van Nguyen and
• Dai Lam Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 771–779, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.70

• of plasmonic Au nanoparticles (NPs) on the ZnO film. Time-resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) spectra indicated that a surface plasmonic effect exists with a fast rate of charge transfer from Au nanoparticles to the sub-micrometer ZnO sphere, which suggested the strong possibility of the use of the

• material for the design of efficient catalytic devices. The NO2 sensing ability of as-deposited ZnO films was investigated with different gas concentrations at an optimized sensing temperature of 120 °C. Surface decoration of plasmonic Au nanoparticles provided an enhanced sensitivity (141 times) with

• ). This indicated that Au nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of ZnO sub-micrometer spheres, which can be seen more clearly in FE-SEM images. As shown in Figure 1b,c, the uniformly shaped ZnO sub-micrometer spheres with an average diameter of about 0.8 μm were dispersed on the glass substrates

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• evaluate the impact of the NPs topography on the adhesion measurement at nanoscale. Results and Discussion Functionalized Au nanoparticles Au colloidal NPs used in the study ranged from a few to several tens of nanometers in size and had a polyhedral structure with well-defined facets (Figure 1). The most

• . Experimental Preparation and characterization of Au nanoparticles Bare Au nanoparticles NPs diameter below 10 nm. The procedure was referred to a method described in [42]. One milliliter of 1% HAuCl4 was added to 90 mL of water. After stirring for 1 min, 2.0 mL of 38.8 mM sodium citrate was added. Subsequently

• used as a seed solution, and the process was repeated again until reaching the desired Au NPs diameter. By changing the volume extracted in each growth step, it is possible to tune the seed particle concentration and control the stability of the NPs solution. Coated Au nanoparticles Au NPs were coated

Facile phase transfer of gold nanorods and nanospheres stabilized with block copolymers

• Yaroslav I. Derikov,
• Georgiy A. Shandryuk,
• Raisa V. Talroze,
• Alexander A. Ezhov and
• Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 616–627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.58

• , 119991, Moscow Russia Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prosp. 31, 119071 Moscow, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.9.58 Abstract A fast route to transfer Au nanoparticles from aqueous to organic media is proposed based on the use of a high molecular

• anisotropic. Their possible coupling with nanorods, as the simplest anisometric nanoparticles, is of emerging interest in recent experimental [6][7][8] and theoretical [9][10][11][12] research. In the case of Au nanoparticles, which are the focus of the current study, a number of synthetic routes are

• number of interacting pendant groups that provide nanoparticle “wrapping” [31][32][33]. Block copolymers can also be used for the stabilization of Au nanoparticles via grafting-to [34][35], grafting-from [36] and wrapping [29][37] strategies. Since nanoparticles can be driven by laser light [36], they

Thermo- and electro-optical properties of photonic liquid crystal fibers doped with gold nanoparticles

• Agata Siarkowska,
• Miłosz Chychłowski,
• Daniel Budaszewski,
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Tomasz R. Woliński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2790–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.278

• nm). Summarizing, the results are very promising and suggest further improvement of the response times for NP-doped PLCFs. The obtained results can be used to enhance the electro-optical properties of the PLCF-based devices where the response time is a crucial issue. Properties of the Au

• nanoparticles (NPs): particle size distribution of Au NPs obtained by using a disc centrifuge sedimentation method (a) and UV–vis spectrum of Au NPs in an organic solvent (b). Cross-section of the PCF 061221 (a) and experimental setup for measuring the propagation spectra in PLCF (b). Experimental setup for

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• ” used during the transfer have a different composition than the inks originally deposited onto the substrates. While other types of thin Au films and Au nanoparticles are identified through their measurable geometry- or size-dependent optical and electronic properties (e.g., localized surface plasmons

• spectroscopy (Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1). We attempted to quantify the optical extinction of lifted-off Au monolayers on PDMS using a strategy previously employed to measure extinction from assemblies of Au nanoparticles or nanometer-thin Au films [32]. As shown in Figure S4C (Supporting

Laser-assisted fabrication of gold nanoparticle-composed structures embedded in borosilicate glass

• Nikolay Nedyalkov,
• Mihaela Koleva,
• Nadya Stankova,
• Rosen Nikov,
• Mitsuhiro Terakawa,
• Yasutaka Nakajima,
• Lyubomir Aleksandrov and
• Reni Iordanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2454–2463, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.244

• wavelength. Therefore, the change of the glass color upon heating can be explained by the appearance of Au nanoparticles and their increasing size, i.e., the shift of the plasmon resonance wavelength position, as seen in Figure 2. Nanosecond-pulse processing To determine the conditions for formation of

Fabrication of gold-coated PDMS surfaces with arrayed triangular micro/nanopyramids for use as SERS substrates

• Jingran Zhang,
• Yongda Yan,
• Peng Miao and
• Jianxiong Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2271–2282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.227

• R6G peak is approximately 110 counts on the Q-SERS substrate at different positions, as shown in Figure 11b. Because the Q-SERS substrate is characterized by the deposition of Au nanoparticles on a flat silicon surface, the enhancement of Au nanoparticles was detected only on the commercial Q-SERS

• substrate, as shown in Figure 11. However, the pyramidal structures were fabricated using different parameters by employing the proposed method and deposition of Au nanoparticles. The enhancement of these two factors was thus achieved. Therefore, the intensity when using the Q-SERS substrate can be

Evaluating the toxicity of TiO₂-based nanoparticles to Chinese hamster ovary cells and Escherichia coli: a complementary experimental and computational approach

• Alicja Mikolajczyk,
• Natalia Sizochenko,
• Ewa Mulkiewicz,
• Anna Malankowska,
• Michal Nischk,
• Przemyslaw Jurczak,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Grzegorz Nowaczyk,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska,
• Jerzy Leszczynski,
• Agnieszka Gajewicz and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2171–2180, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.216

• . Because Au nanoparticles absorb light in the visible region, the plates were centrifuged to avoid interference with the assay. At the next step, 100 µL of medium from each cell culture was transferred to a 96-well plate and the absorbance at 450 nm was measured. Cell viability was calculated as means of

• metal precursor on the structure of the nanoparticles. Cytotoxicity of TiO2 modified with Pd and/or Au nanoparticles (NA: not available, these combinations were not investigated). Plot of experimentally determined (observed) vs predicted values of cytotoxicity based on developed nano-QSAR model. Y

• -randomization test. The graphical representation of goodness-of-fit and types of dependencies for the developed models. Cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity (MIC and microorganism growth inhibition zone) of TiO2 modified with Pd and/or Au nanoparticles. Summary data of developed descriptors. Observed and

Methionine-mediated synthesis of magnetic nanoparticles and functionalization with gold quantum dots for theranostic applications

• Arūnas Jagminas,
• Agnė Mikalauskaitė,
• Vitalijus Karabanovas and
• Jūrate Vaičiūnienė

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1734–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.174

• ), tetrachlorauric acid (2) and reddish-pink colored solution of gold species (inset) collected from the CoFe2O4@Met–Au nanoparticles initially (3) and after dilution to one half (3′) and to on quarter (3″). a) AFM 3D image and b) size distribution histogram b) of Au species removed from the surface of CoFe2O4@Met

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159