Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• Sr content was undertaken. In particular, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy served as the main experimental tools to analyze these new nanotubes. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were used to study the chemical bonding and the stability of the SrxLa1

• qualitative change in the chemical bonding between SrxLa1−xS and TaS2 parts of the lattice has been registered, while the MLC lattice was found to preserve its integrity after the geometry optimization. The intuitive charge transfer from the electron-rich LaS layer to the electrophilic TaS2 layer demonstrates

• shown for LaS–TaS2. DFT calculations presenting the peculiarities of the chemical bonding within the SrxLa1−xS–TaS2 misfits, as a function of the Sr content. (a) Charge redistribution map at the interface formed between the Sr0.05La0.95S slab and single TaS2 layer. Red and blue colors on the map

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• different concentrations. The wettability and the chemical bonding of the surfaces were tested upon UV illumination and heating treatments. The results are in agreement with the proposed assumption that the oxidization of the trimethoxy(alkyl)silane could decrease the super-wettability transition time

• nanoparticles were subjected to chemical bonding as Si–O–Ti with hydrolysing PFOS. The chemical bonding is verified by the Fourier transfer infrared (FTIR) spectra of TiO2 and TiO2–PFOS coated glass surfaces, as shown in Figure 2. The asymmetric stretching vibration of the Si–O–Ti species was displayed at the

• –CF2− and –CF3 groups appeared in the FTIR spectra of Al2O3–PFOS but without the peak at 1065 cm−1, which indicates that there was probably no chemical bonding between Al2O3 and PFOS, suggesting the physical adhesion between Al2O3 nanoparticles and PFOS. Wettability switching by UV illumination and

A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

• Yongguang Zhang,
• Jun Ren,
• Yan Zhao,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Fuxing Yin and
• Yichao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.52

• –O (286.3 eV) peaks in the C 1s pattern confirm the oxide nature of RGO sheets. In addition to the C–S bonding, O-containing groups also help retain sulfur via S–O bonding, as revealed by the peak located at 164.7 eV in the S 2p spectrum (Figure 4e). The strong chemical bonding of C–S and S–O can

Friction force microscopy of tribochemistry and interfacial ageing for the SiO_x/Si/Au system

• Christiane Petzold,
• Marcus Koch and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1647–1658, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.157

• ). Tribochemical characteristics of the tip–surface pairings We suggest that the intermittent friction peaks (Figure 2c) were caused by chemical bonding between tip and surface after local damage of a passivating layer on tip and/or surface. To clarify the origin of the large stick–slip events and of the increase

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• hydrogen titanates depends on the substrates. The TiO2(B) trunk may guide the TiO2 crystallization. The chemical bonding states of the TGN-branch 4 h were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). Elements of Ti, C and O have been detected in the XPS survey spectra (Figure 5a). The binding energy of

Atomic-level characterization and cilostazol affinity of poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles conjugated with differentially charged hydrophilic molecules

• María Francisca Matus,
• Martín Ludueña,
• Cristian Vilos,
• Iván Palomo and
• Marcelo M. Mariscal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1328–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.126

• with a novel reactive force field (ReaxFF) [36][37]. This force field considers both covalent and electrostatic interactions by employing a bond-order formalism and a polarizable charge description, enabling depiction of chemical bonding (bond formation and rupture) without expensive quantum mechanics

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• the surface of TiO2 [34]. Xie et al. [35] have reported that during the hydrothermal reaction, Nd3+ and O2− ions could form a Nd–O oxide on the superficial layer of the TiO2 particle by a chemical bonding process and Nd3+ ions mainly occur in the form of Ti–O–Nd in the Nd-TiO2 compound. The formation

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• hard, solid or powder, biological, and organic or inorganic surfaces. This device can measure geometric morphology, adhesion distribution, friction, surface impurities, texture, elasticity, magnetism, chemical bonding forces, distribution of electric charges and electric polarization in different parts

One-step chemical vapor deposition synthesis and supercapacitor performance of nitrogen-doped porous carbon–carbon nanotube hybrids

• Egor V. Lobiak,
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Ekaterina O. Fedorovskaya,
• Yury V. Shubin,
• Pavel E. Plyusnin,
• Pierre Lonchambon,
• Boris V. Senkovskiy,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Emmanuel Flahaut and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2669–2679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.267

• morphology and chemical bonding organization [2]. Porous graphitic materials like activated carbon may have a specific surface area exceeding 3000 m2 g−1 [3], while in this case they lose the packing density and conductivity. The latter characteristics can be improved by incorporation of carbon nanotubes

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• CeO2–NiO, generate more surface oxygen vacancies than pure CeO2. In order to obtain detailed information about the chemical bonding states of the as-prepared CeO2–MOx yolk-shell nanospheres, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses were carried out and the results are shown in Figure 7. As shown

Ta₂N₃ nanocrystals grown in Al₂O₃ thin layers

• Krešimir Salamon,
• Maja Buljan,
• Iva Šarić,
• Mladen Petravić and
• Sigrid Bernstorff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2162–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.215

• strong surface reflection. The sample–detector distance was 1.5 m. For each sample a set of intensity patterns, taken at different grazing incidence angles was recorded. The chemical bonding of Ta atoms on film surfaces was analyzed by using XPS in a SPECS XPS spectrometer equipped with the Phoibos MCD

• in ML with thinner metallic layers (see Figure 4). As we have shown in sections “GISAXS and XRR” and “GIXRD”, the ML12m9 sample contains a pure phase of Ta2N3 NCs, which are arranged in 2D planes, i.e., in the initially deposited metallic layers. To further examine the nature of the chemical bonding

Advances and challenges in the field of plasma polymer nanoparticles

• Andrei Choukourov,
• Pavel Pleskunov,
• Daniil Nikitin,
• Valerii Titov,
• Artem Shelemin,
• Mykhailo Vaidulych,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Pavel Solař,
• Jan Hanuš,
• Jaroslav Kousal,
• Ondřej Kylián,
• Danka Slavínská and
• Hynek Biederman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2002–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.200

• -resolution C 1s XPS peaks are shown for a number of chosen NPs. Starting from C/H plasma polymers (Figure 2a), the chemistry of the resulting NPs may range from nitrogen-containing (Figure 2b) to fluorocarbon (Figure 2c) plasma polymers, to cite just a few, in which multitudes of chemical bonding

Imidazolium-based ionic liquids used as additives in the nanolubrication of silicon surfaces

• Patrícia M. Amorim,
• Ana M. Ferraria,
• Rogério Colaço,
• Luís C. Branco and
• Benilde Saramago

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1961–1971, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.197

• substrate. Enhanced interactions between the cation and or the anion and the hydrophilic silicon substrate, due to van der Waals forces (long side chains), hydrogen bonding (ethanol functional groups) and, more importantly, chemical bonding involving the hydrophilic sulfate and Si, promote the formation of

Structural model of silicene-like nanoribbons on a Pb-reconstructed Si(111) surface

• Agnieszka Stępniak-Dybala and
• Mariusz Krawiec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1836–1843, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.185

• possible realizations of multilayer silicene [60]. The mean NR–substrate distance yields 2.89 Å, which suggests rather strong chemical bonding between these subsystems. The interaction with the substrate is reflected in the presence of Si atoms sticking out of the NR layer by 1.06 Å, as discussed for other

Graphene functionalised by laser-ablated V₂O₅ for a highly sensitive NH₃ sensor

• Margus Kodu,
• Artjom Berholts,
• Tauno Kahro,
• Mati Kook,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Helina Seemen,
• Tea Avarmaa,
• Harry Alles and
• Raivo Jaaniso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 571–578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.61

• chemically bound to the defect sites of the graphene sheet, yielding a strong and stable contact between the two phases. Chemical bonding is accompanied by charge transfer between V2O5 clusters and graphene. A similar situation was modelled previously by Lim and Wilcox [37] where large charge transfer and

• chemical bonding in platinum–graphene systems were observed when Pt nanoclusters were chemically bonded to point defects of graphene sheets. Furthermore, the adsorption of an O2 molecule onto a platinum nanocluster which was chemically bound to graphene resulted in a large influence on the charge density

Study of the surface properties of ZnO nanocolumns used for thin-film solar cells

• Neda Neykova,
• Jiri Stuchlik,
• Karel Hruska,
• Ales Poruba,
• Zdenek Remes and
• Ognen Pop-Georgievski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 446–451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.48

• 150 nm. It should be noted, that after the hydrogen or oxygen surface plasma treatments the morphology of the nanocolumns does not change (see Figure S1 and Figure S2, Supporting Information File 1 for details). The chemical bonding structure of the ZnO films prepared by hydrothermal growth from a

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• ) and chemical bonding (via Ti–O–Si bonds) of silanes onto TiO2 nanoparticles occurred [16]. Later, Zhao et al. detailed the cross-linking and chemical bonding mechanisms of APTMS and 3-isocyanatopropyltrimethoxysilane on TiO2 nanoparticles [15]. A contact angle of about 150° for water was measured

Role of RGO support and irradiation source on the photocatalytic activity of CdS–ZnO semiconductor nanostructures

• Suneel Kumar,
• Rahul Sharma,
• Vipul Sharma,
• Gurunarayanan Harith,
• Vaidyanathan Sivakumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1684–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.161

• edges, corresponding to band gap values of 3.01 and 2.11 eV attributable to ZnO NR and CdS NP, respectively, could be evidenced. The enhanced absorption in visible light region can be attributed to chemical bonding between semiconductors and specific sites of carbon in GO resulting in charge

Modelling of ‘sub-atomic’ contrast resulting from back-bonding on Si(111)-7×7

• Adam Sweetman,
• Samuel P. Jarvis and
• Mohammad A. Rashid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 937–945, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.85

• force mapping of atomic and molecular structures using non-contact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM). In particular, suppressing the chemical bonding between tip and sample enables the stable exploration of the repulsive part of the tip–sample force regime, which has allowed outstanding resolution to be

Direct formation of gold nanorods on surfaces using polymer-immobilised gold seeds

• Majid K. Abyaneh,
• Pietro Parisse and
• Loredana Casalis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 809–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.72

• nanocomposites provide a suitable seed base for direct growth of GNRs on their surfaces, without any surface modification for chemical bonding agents or linkers. The best distributed GNRs were produced on the P1-20 surface with low Mw (P1) and 20 wt % of Au salt. This provides an important potential growth

Surface-site reactivity in small-molecule adsorption: A theoretical study of thiol binding on multi-coordinated gold clusters

• Elvis C. M. Ting,
• Tatiana Popa and
• Irina Paci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 53–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.6

• adsorption case, as considering the complex in the molecular (gold + adsorbate) basis set is appropriate in the context of chemical bonding of the two. Results and Discussion Dissociative binding of methyl thiol on the Au20 cluster Despite the small size of the molecular backbones considered in this study

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• corresponds to a larger charge density, and the lithium ion polarizes it environment stronger than the sodium ion. This causes severe differences in chemical bonding and ion mobility. The solubility of sodium and lithium compounds in solvents are different. The discharge products and/or interphases (SEI

Tm-doped TiO₂ and Tm₂Ti₂O₇ pyrochlore nanoparticles: enhancing the photocatalytic activity of rutile with a pyrochlore phase

• Desiré M. De los Santos,
• Javier Navas,
• Teresa Aguilar,
• Antonio Sánchez-Coronilla,
• Concha Fernández-Lorenzo,
• Rodrigo Alcántara,
• Jose Carlos Piñero,
• Ginesa Blanco and
• Joaquín Martín-Calleja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 605–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.62

• chemical bonding states of the samples. A spectrometer (Kratos Axis UltraDLD) with monochromatic Al Kα radiation (1486.6 eV) and a 20 eV pass energy was used to record the XPS spectra. The binding energy scale was referenced to the C1s signal at 284.8 eV and given with an accuracy of 0.1 eV. Moreover, to

• scattering, this technique is sensitive to the atomic composition, valence and conduction band electronic properties, surface properties and chemical bonding. The latter allows for the characterization of the structural properties of the lattice traversed by the electron beam and, thus, determination of the

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of graphitic carbon nanomaterials doped with heteroatoms

• Toma Susi,
• Thomas Pichler and
• Paola Ayala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 177–192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.17

• for a later time. Experimentally speaking, since the carbon core electrons are localized and do not participate in chemical bonding, core level signals could be expected to exhibit very narrow linewidths. However, several factors do cause broadening of the signal and can also influence its shape. Each

Aquatic versus terrestrial attachment: Water makes a difference

• Petra Ditsche and
• Adam P. Summers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2424–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.252

• , lock, clamp and spacer) significant differences have to be considered under water. For example, the main principles of dry adhesion, van der Waals forces and chemical bonding, which make a gecko stick to the ceiling, are weak under submerged conditions. Capillary forces are very important for wet

• ) diffusion, (iv) chemical bonding as ionic, covalent or hydrogen bonds, and (v) dispersive or van der Waals forces. While the first three mechanisms of adhesion presumably contribute just a minor part to general adhesion, the latter two are generally accepted as the primary mechanisms in many systems [19

• forces and chemical bonding van der Waals forces are the sum of attractive forces between molecules that have regions of slightly negative and slightly positive charges. These forces are only effective over a very small distance, less than one nanometer [41]. Therefore, these forces are considerably