PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

• dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in a quantitative approach allowing for the determination of equilibrium constants or binding affinities (transition midpoints) [55][59][63]. Circular dichroism signals of proteins arise from electronic transitions in specific secondary structural elements (e.g., α-helix or

• ]. Specifically, we have addressed the effect of a PVP coating around the metallic surface of silver and, for comparison, gold nanoparticles, on the adsorption/desorption equilibrium of serum albumin molecules – an established model protein [57][59][60][61][62]. To quantify this equilibrium, we have used circular

Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications

• T. O. Menteş,
• G. Zamborlini,
• A. Sala and
• A. Locatelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1873–1886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.198

• and combine chemical characterization with X-ray magnetic circular dichroism–photoemission electron microscopy (XMCD–PEEM) magnetic imaging by using the variable photon polarization and energy available at the synchrotron source. Keywords: gold (Au); graphene; intercalation; low-energy electron

• microscopy (LEEM); magnetism; nanostructures; X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD); X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (XPEEM); Introduction The cathode lens, or immersion objective lens, is used to image electrons emitted from surfaces [1]. In a microscope that uses this type of objective, the

• magnetic circular dichroism contrast. The simplified schematic description of a) XPEEM, b) LEEM. The energy analyzer (EA) is optional in both cases. Panel (b) with the energy analyzer represents also the SPELEEM setup. Energy dependence of the (00) beam intensity for clean, Fe-covered and O-covered W(110

Hole-mask colloidal nanolithography combined with tilted-angle-rotation evaporation: A versatile method for fabrication of low-cost and large-area complex plasmonic nanostructures and metamaterials

• Jun Zhao,
• Bettina Frank,
• Frank Neubrech,
• Chunjie Zhang,
• Paul V. Braun and
• Harald Giessen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 577–586, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.68

• . The upper layer disks are slightly smaller due to the clogging effect. In order to study the chiral optical properties of this pattern, we introduce at first circular dichroism (CD). Circular dichroism is defined as the difference in absorbance for right- and left-handed circularly polarized light

Exploring the complex mechanical properties of xanthan scaffolds by AFM-based force spectroscopy

• Hao Liang,
• Guanghong Zeng,
• Yinli Li,
• Shuai Zhang,
• Huiling Zhao,
• Lijun Guo,
• Bo Liu and
• Mingdong Dong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 365–373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.42

• cell incubation [2] and the repair of damaged tissue [3]. Xanthan, a polysaccharide which can self-associate into a scaffold structure [4][5], has been widely used in various fields, such as food additives [6] and drug delivery [7][8]. A number of tools, including NMR [9][10], circular dichroism (CD

Antiferromagnetic coupling of TbPc₂ molecules to ultrathin Ni and Co films

• David Klar,
• Svetlana Klyatskaya,
• Andrea Candini,
• Bernhard Krumme,
• Kurt Kummer,
• Philippe Ohresser,
• Valdis Corradini,
• Valentina de Renzi,
• Roberto Biagi,
• Loic Joly,
• Jean-Paul Kappler,
• Umberto del Pennino,
• Marco Affronte,
• Heiko Wende and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 320–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.36

• , CNRS UMP 7504, 23 Rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, France 10.3762/bjnano.4.36 Abstract The magnetic and electronic properties of single-molecule magnets are studied by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We study the magnetic coupling of ultrathin Co and Ni

• demonstrate that it is possible to block this relaxation and conserve the magnetization without any external field by coupling the molecules to a ferromagnetic substrate. By X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism we study the electronic and magnetic properties of a submonolayer

Physics, chemistry and biology of functional nanostructures

• Paul Ziemann and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 843–845, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.94

• facilities has made an important contribution, now providing beams with spot sizes even below 10 nm, thus promising the application of spectroscopies such as photoelectron emission microscopy (PEEM) or X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) on a single nanoobject [6][7]. Progress in the theoretical

Nanoscaled alloy formation from self-assembled elemental Co nanoparticles on top of Pt films

• Luyang Han,
• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Kai Fauth,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 473–485, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.51

• alloy formation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. The excellent sensitivity of SQUID magnetometers can be exploited, at suitably selected temperatures, to detect the magnetic response corresponding to the Co particles and nanoscale alloys. X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure of bimetallic nanoparticles

• Carolin Antoniak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 237–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.28

• transition matrix elements in the E1 approximation (Equation 3) already suggests that some kinds of dichroism may exist, i.e., polarisation dependent absorption. In fact there are several types of X-ray dichroism such as X-ray natural linear dichroism (XNLD) [21][22] and natural circular dichroism (XNCD) [23

• ], X-ray magnetic linear dichroism (XMLD) [24][25], X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) [26][27], and the more exotic X-ray non-reciprocal linear dichroism [28] and magnetochiral dichroism (XMχD) [29]. In a microscopic picture, this dependence of the absorption on the polarisation of incident X

• -rays is caused by an anisotropy of the charge (or spin) distribution, either by bonding that yields natural dichroism or by magnetic ordering that yields magnetic dichroism. A general formulation of linear and circular dichroism was given by Carra and Altarelli [30] and an overview of the different

Structural and magnetic properties of ternary Fe_1–xMn_xPt nanoalloys from first principles

• Markus E. Gruner and
• Peter Entel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 162–172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.20

• film setup. Using a vibrating sample magnetometer for saturation magnetization and hysteresis loop and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) to obtain the element resolved orientation of the moments, the authors observed a linear decrease of the average magnetization with increasing Mn-content

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

• Armin Kleibert,
• Wolfgang Rosellen,
• Mathias Getzlaff and
• Joachim Bansmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 47–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.6

• combined approach of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) to shed light on the complex and size-dependent relation between magnetic properties, crystallographic structure, orientation and morphology. In

Ultrafine metallic Fe nanoparticles: synthesis, structure and magnetism

• Olivier Margeat,
• Marc Respaud,
• Catherine Amiens,
• Pierre Lecante and
• Bruno Chaudret

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 108–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.13

• α-Fe NPs with diameters down to 2 nm show an enhancement of the hyperfine field BHyp, indicative of enhanced µFe [10][11][12]. Recent careful measurements, by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) [13][14][15][16], consistently indicate an increase in the ratio of the orbital magnetic moment over

Preparation and characterization of supported magnetic nanoparticles prepared by reverse micelles

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Luyang Han,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5

• magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) which provides information on (i) the chemical state of sample, (ii) element-specific magnetic moments and (iii) element-specific hysteresis loops. The results presented below were measured at beamline PM-3 of the BESSY II synchrotron facility in Berlin, Germany. The