Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• corresponding R2 values obtained from both kinetic models, it can be concluded that degradation of RhB follows the modified Freundlich model more appropriately. The removal of RhB from its aqueous solution is controlled by adsorption of the dye molecules on the photocatalyst surface followed by their successive

• degradation of adsorbed molecules (Figure S7, Supporting Information File 1). From Figure S7a, it can be seen that the difference in the absorbance of pure RhB solution and after attaining adsorption–desorption equilibrium is much less, which corresponds to about 6% adsorption of dye molecules on the surface

Anchoring of a dye precursor on NiO(001) studied by non-contact atomic force microscopy

• Sara Freund,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Nathalie Marinakis,
• Edwin C. Constable,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Catherine E. Housecroft and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 242–249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.26

• probe microscopy (SPM) [5]. Through the adsorption of a large variety of dye molecules, the ability of sensitized TiO2 to absorb light can be triggered and tuned. Thus, the possibility of designing photoactive devices with anodes consisting of nanostructured and functionalized TiO2 leads to numerous

• [18], but other promising materials have also been intensively researched [19][20][21]. However, for the application in p-DSSCs, NiO is the most extensively studied material [22][23][24]. A detailed understanding of the adsorption properties of dye molecules on NiO cathodes is therefore of crucial

• importance for the comprehension and design of improved and more efficient devices. NiO single-crystal surfaces functionalized with adsorbed dye molecules are ideal candidates to analyze the fundamental properties of such systems by SPM techniques. Because of the large band gap of NiO, which is reported to

Photobleaching of YOYO-1 in super-resolution single DNA fluorescence imaging

• Joseph R. Pyle and
• Jixin Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2296–2306, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.229

• ) has great potential to visualize fine DNA structures with nanometer resolution. In a typical PAINT video acquisition, dye molecules (YOYO-1) in solution sparsely bind to the target surfaces (DNA) whose locations can be mathematically determined by fitting their fluorescent point spread function. Many

• , photoswitching, or a combination thereof [34][37][38]. Dye photobleaching is one of the most utilized methods in PAINT fluorescently turn-off the dye molecules and is commonly used in most all types of fluorescent imaging [17][19][20][39][40]. Thus, carefully tuning the photobleaching rate is an important step

• (Figure 4b). Only well-separated single DNA molecules are chosen for the purpose of easy quantification. The DNA strands are prelabeled with YOYO-1 at a dye–DNA base pair ratio of 1:10. The average dye concentration in each DNA is calculated to be ≈300 dye molecules/μm for a given length of a DNA molecule

Carbon nano-onions as fluorescent on/off modulated nanoprobes for diagnostics

• Stefania Lettieri,
• Marta d’Amora,
• Adalberto Camisasca,
• Alberto Diaspro and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1878–1888, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.188

• functionalization of the CNOs. The high degree of surface functionalization of the oxi-CNOs and the successful attachment of the dye molecules on the oxi-CNOs was observed by TGA analysis. The TGA spectrum of the oxi-CNOs performed in air (Figure 3, blue) showed a decrease in decomposition temperature from 686 °C

• to 668 °C, with a weight loss of 7.70% compared to the p-CNOs. From the TGA weight loss at 450 °C, a total of 122 carboxylic groups per CNO were estimated. The functionalization of oxi-CNOs with the dye molecules causes a further weight loss of the fluo-CNOs of 3.2% compared to the oxi-CNOs, with a

• decomposition temperature of 639 °C. We estimate that around four dye molecules per CNO were present. A high-resolution TEM image of the p-CNOs is given in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5. The Raman spectra of p-, oxi- and fluo-CNOs showed the D-band (1320 cm−1) and the G-band (1580 cm−1) typical for

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• silica matrix, which is mostly based on non-polar aromatic or conjugated π-electron systems [33], is not easy to achieve due to the hydrophobic character of the organic dye molecules. Commonly, fluorescent silica nanoparticles are obtained by hydrolysis and condensation of a silica precursor via sol–gel

• significant influence of the dye embedding during the particle synthesis could be observed. Variation of the linker, the dye molecules and the dye concentration To study if either the charge of the used dye or the cysteic acid linker have an influence on the particle synthesis, we chose the neutral dye

• nanoparticles were performed. First of all, we studied the influence of the integration of the dyes into the silica matrix on the absorption and fluorescence signal. Comparison of the UV–vis absorption and fluorescence spectra of dye-doped silica nanoparticles and those of free dye molecules indicated no

Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets

• Jennifer E. Francis,
• David Mason and
• Raphaël Lévy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125

• characteristics, the overall hydrodynamic radius of a Qdot (15–20 nm) is much larger than that of a fluorescent dye molecule [12][13][14]. As a result, one large Qdot may host many antibodies, whereas many fluorescent dye molecules can be coupled to a single antibody [9][15]. Furthermore, the overall size of

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• . Birefringence implies anisotropy and ordered arrangement of dye molecules bound to regular, beta-structured amyloid fibrils [29][30]. Congo red molecules self-assemble in water solutions producing supramolecular entities stabilized by π–π interactions between aromatic rings [31][32][33]. Supramolecular Congo

Performance of natural-dye-sensitized solar cells by ZnO nanorod and nanowall enhanced photoelectrodes

• Saif Saadaoui,
• Mohamed Aziz Ben Youssef,
• Moufida Ben Karoui,
• Rached Gharbi,
• Emanuele Smecca,
• Vincenzina Strano,
• Salvo Mirabella,
• Alessandra Alberti and
• Rosaria A. Puglisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 287–295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.31

• semiconductor thin layer film and the efficiency of the collected dye molecules [3][14][15]. The adsorption of the dye can be improved by various means, such as increasing the thickness and/or the porosity of the photoelectrode or by using organized structures, such as nanowalls or nanorods. The Voc can be

• improved by modifying the energy difference between the Fermi level (EF) of the semiconductor potential and redox potential (Eredox) of the electrolyte [10]. Results and Discussion Dye analysis In order to understand the structure of natural dye molecules and to determine the main elements responsible for

• improve the dye loading as observed by Polkoo et al. [25]. By analyzing the cross-section of the ZnO NWs, we obtained a NW vertical length of around 850 nm, as shown in Figure 7b. In Figure 7c, we give the images of the ZnO NWs after being immersed in mallow dye. We notice that dye molecules cover the NWs

Performance of colloidal CdS sensitized solar cells with ZnO nanorods/nanoparticles

• Anurag Roy,
• Partha Pratim Das,
• Mukta Tathavadekar,
• Sumita Das and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 210–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.23

• ; ZnO; Introduction Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) using inorganic semiconductors are being investigated as a cost-effective and alternative energy source. In DSSCs, a porous electrode made of a wide band gap semiconductor is required for anchoring dye molecules and transporting photo-injected

• electrons. Commonly used dye molecules are Ru-based N719 and N3. However, recently, chalcogenide semiconductors such as CdS, InP, CdSe, PbS, CdSe, Sb2S3 have been explored for replacing the sensitizers in DSSC [1][2][3][4]. Thus, there has been a renewed interest in the area of DSSC, resulting in the

A dioxaborine cyanine dye as a photoluminescence probe for sensing carbon nanotubes

• Mohammed Al Araimi,
• Petro Lutsyk,
• Anatoly Verbitsky,
• Yuri Piryatinski,
• Mykola Shandura and
• Aleksey Rozhin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1991–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.190

• correspond to the dye molecules associated with the SWNTs and is redshifted by 50 nm comparing to the absorption maximum of monomeric peak [12]. The intensity ratio of these peaks allows us to monitor both the amount of the dye monomers in the mixture and the amount of the dye associated with the SWNTs

• redshifts, which are attributed to increase of εbg around the nanotubes due to the presence of the dye molecules. To provide better insight on the new spectral features in Figure 2 and Figure 3, we extracted the PL emission and excitation spectra for the as-prepared and aged mixtures from the PLE maps

• (Figure 5a,b). This result indicates that the molecules of DOB-719 associated in the complex with the SWNTs are more stable towards hydrolysis, whereas the free dye molecules (monomers) degrade over time. This effect is supported by the spectral change in the absorption of the as-prepared and the aged

Organoclay hybrid materials as precursors of porous ZnO/silica-clay heterostructures for photocatalytic applications

• Marwa Akkari,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Abdessalem Ben Haj Amara and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1971–1982, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.188

• of the ZnO/SiO2-clay heterostructures photocatalyst, the mixture being stirred in dark for 30 min to allow for the physical absorption of dye molecules on the catalyst particles to reach equilibrium. In the case of ibuprofen, 25 mg photocatalyst were added to 100 mL of a water solution containing 15

Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania

• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Lukasz Zajac,
• Piotr Olszowski,
• Res Jöhr,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Bartosz Such,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymonski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1642–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.156

• prototypical dye molecules, i.e., perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA), phtalocyanines and porphyrins. Two interesting heteromolecular systems comprising molecules that are aligned with the given review are discussed as well. Keywords: dye molecules; perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic

• of dye molecules. The careful selection of buffer layer molecules may lead to systems with unaffected charge transport from the excited states of dye molecules to the oxide electrode, with significantly diminished dye–substrate recombination, and increased stability and quality of the active top-most

The influence of phthalocyanine aggregation in complexes with CdSe/ZnS quantum dots on the photophysical properties of the complexes

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov,
• Kevin Berwick and
• Alexander V. Baranov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.94

• –tetrapyrrole complexes is not confirmed by experiment to date. The second mechanism can be only possible in complexes with direct attachment of acceptor molecules to the QD surface, i.e., adjacent capping ligand molecules are replaced with organic dye molecules [24][25]. Therefore, a physical mechanism that

Optical absorption signature of a self-assembled dye monolayer on graphene

• Tessnim Sghaier,
• Sylvain Le Liepvre,
• Céline Fiorini,
• Ludovic Douillard and
• Fabrice Charra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 862–868, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.78

• -3,4,9,10-diimide (PTCDI); scanning tunnelling microscopy; self-assembly; self-organization; Introduction Close-packed assemblies of dye molecules exhibit drastically altered photonic properties as compared with the isolated or diluted species [1]. These changes find their origin in near-field optical

Assembling semiconducting molecules by covalent attachment to a lamellar crystalline polymer substrate

• Rainhard Machatschek,
• Patrick Ortmann,
• Renate Reiter,
• Stefan Mecking and
• Günter Reiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 784–798, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.70

• . Their softness can be explained by a rather low number of attached dye molecules per island: When packing was not sufficiently dense, molecules could bend or be pushed sideways under the load applied through the cantilever, allowing the AFM tip to penetrate the semiconducting layer. Initially, the

• under a layer of amorphous chain segments at the fold surface of the nanocrystals. Only a limited number of carboxyl groups within this amorphous layer were accessible for grafting 1 molecules. Hence, at such low surface density of carboxyl groups, the attached dye molecules were widely separated from

• each other. Therefore, dye molecules could not form aggregates, which can account for the observed emission spectrum (Figure 5A). While we were able to enhance the density of carboxyl-groups on the fold surfaces of large solution-grown CPE45 single crystals by an appropriate annealing procedure, such a

Sonochemical co-deposition of antibacterial nanoparticles and dyes on textiles

• Ilana Perelshtein,
• Anat Lipovsky,
• Nina Perkas,
• Tzanko Tzanov and
• Aharon Gedanken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1–8, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.1

• is presented in Figure 4a. Under ultrasound irradiation the dye molecules form NPs which are deposited onto the surface of the textile. The creation of organic nanoparticles from their solution by sonochemical method was previously described by our group [25][26]. The HRSEM images of the fabric

• are a number of species that can be released from the coated surface, such as: a) nanoparticles of MO, b) metal ions, and c) dye molecules. It is known that the solubility of MO is derived from their Ksp values. Ksp of ZnO and CuO are 10−11 and 10−20, respectively. The presence of ions in the leaching

Selective porous gates made from colloidal silica nanoparticles

• Roberto Nisticò,
• Paola Avetta,
• Paola Calza,
• Debora Fabbri,
• Giuliana Magnacca and
• Dominique Scalarone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2105–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.215

• percentage ratio between the effective concentration (C) of probe molecules passed through the membrane and the concentration at the equilibrium (Ce) is plotted as a function of time. The resulting diffusion curves demonstrate that dye molecules cross the membrane more easily than the protein which is

High photocatalytic activity of V-doped SrTiO₃ porous nanofibers produced from a combined electrospinning and thermal diffusion process

• Panpan Jing,
• Wei Lan,
• Qing Su and
• Erqing Xie

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1281–1286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.132

• porous structure results in more reaction sites to promote the incident light utilization and reaction sites between adsorbed dye molecules and oxidizing ions (O2−, ·OH, etc.). Secondly, V5+ ion doping provides an impurity level in the energy gap of SrTiO3 to improve the light response and conductivity

Effects of swift heavy ion irradiation on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites prepared by carbothermal evaporation method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• D. K. Avasthi and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 928–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.96

• hydroxyl groups produce highly reactive hydroxyl (•OH) radicals by reacting with holes in the valence band of CuO. The dye molecules are degraded by the reaction with both radicals (•OH and •O2−) [39][41]. For better understanding of the underlying mechanism, Yang et al. [42][43] have monitored the

• 1D and 2D metal-oxide semiconductor nanostructures with higher surface area for efficient adsorption of dye molecules and optimal defect concentration, crystallinity and band gap are important for developing advanced photocatalytic coatings. In this work, we demonstrate that swift heavy ion

Experimental determination of the light-trapping-induced absorption enhancement factor in DSSC photoanodes

• Serena Gagliardi and
• Mauro Falconieri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 886–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.91

• produced by the concurrent phenomena of light absorption by dye molecules and light trapping in the mesoporous, titania photoanode structure. The decoupling of these two phenomena is important for device characterization and the design of novel photoelectrode geometries with increased optical performance

• ) AM1.5 illumination, provided by a class A solar simulator (Wacom). Modelling In the zero-order approximation, the only optical phenomenon occurring in the sensitized titania layer is the light absorption by the dye molecules. In this case, for a given dye composition of known molar absorptivity, the

• ]). Then, the total number of adsorbed dye molecules was obtained by dividing the available titania surface by the molecular footprint of the dye (1.6 Å2 for the N719 dye [18]). The calculated number of dye molecules on the electrode was then expressed as molarity and used to determine the fraction of

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• cellular uptake [11][12]. To elucidate how the presence of a protein adsorption layer around NPs affects their cellular uptake, Jiang, Nienhaus et al. [12] compared the uptake of small (diameter about 10 nm), carboxyl-functionalized polymer-coated FePt NPs (fluorescently labeled by DY-636 dye molecules in

Hollow plasmonic antennas for broadband SERS spectroscopy

• Gabriele C. Messina,
• Mario Malerba,
• Pierfrancesco Zilio,
• Ermanno Miele,
• Michele Dipalo,
• Lorenzo Ferrara and
• Francesco De Angelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 492–498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.50

• while changing the focussing distance of the collection objective (100×, focus depth <500 nm) from the substrate, and thus the focus along the z direction (antenna main axis). To obtain a monolayer of dye, the sample was submerged into a solution of 1 µM cresyl violet for 5 min, allowing the dye

• molecules to be absorbed onto the metal surface. Then, the sample was rinsed in deionized water for 30 s to wash away excess molecules. The results of this experiment with an excitation wavelength of 633 nm are reported in Figure 4. Here, a strong dependence of the Raman intensity at a distance from the tip

Synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled silica core-shell and noble metal-decorated ceria nanoparticles

• Rudolf Herrmann,
• Markus Rennhak and
• Armin Reller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2413–2423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.251

• stability of the dye. Consequently, the number of dye molecules per NP remained lower than in the case of MPD. In principle, many functional groups can be attached to the silica surface by constructing suitable derivatives with triethoxysilyl groups, e.g., APS itself [14] or various fluorescent molecules

• activated derivatives of dyes [23]. The observed solvent shift of the fluorescence emission of the NP labelled with MPD and BPD clearly demonstrates that the dye molecules are located at the surface and only in a negligible amount in the interior of the NP [5], although the dye is present in the reaction

• observe any labelling of pure noble metal NP. It would be desirable to have an estimate of the average number of fluorescent dye molecules attached to a nanoparticle. For low dye loading, one can use stepwise bleaching of single fluorescent molecules on a nanoparticle in a confocal microscope [5]. When

Properties of plasmonic arrays produced by pulsed-laser nanostructuring of thin Au films

• Katarzyna Grochowska,
• Katarzyna Siuzdak,
• Peter A. Atanasov,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Anna Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov and
• Gerard Śliwiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2102–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.219

• , a large part of the illuminating radiation is absorbed by the dye molecules and does not contribute to the scattering signal. Moreover, the strong absorption band of R6G at 530 nm matches nearly perfectly with the broad plasmon band at around 546 nm (FWHM ≈110 nm). This leads to a decrease of the