Bimodal atomic force microscopy driving the higher eigenmode in frequency-modulation mode: Implementation, advantages, disadvantages and comparison to the open-loop case

• Daniel Ebeling and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 198–207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.20

• interactions (conservative and dissipative) [26] (note that the measured frequency shift is also indirectly affected by dissipation in large-amplitude intermittent-contact experiments, in that dissipative forces can limit penetration of the probe tip into the repulsive region of the tip–sample interaction

• potential, thus leading to lower frequency shifts [13]). The above fact complicates the reconstruction of tip–sample interactions when performing spectroscopy in AM-AFM (see [26]). Furthermore, known bistabilities from AM operation [22][27][28] do not occur in FM-AFM, ensuring smoother characterization in

High-resolution dynamic atomic force microscopy in liquids with different feedback architectures

• John Melcher,
• David Martínez-Martín,
• Miriam Jaafar,
• Julio Gómez-Herrero and
• Arvind Raman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 153–163, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.15

• –sample interaction during an oscillation. Moreover, by introducing a specific model for Fts, a relationship between vts and the interaction potential can be established [27]. Finally, both ets and vts have been nondimensionalized by the energy dissipated by the media during an oscillation cycle Emed

Probing three-dimensional surface force fields with atomic resolution: Measurement strategies, limitations, and artifact reduction

• Mehmet Z. Baykara,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren,
• Todd C. Schwendemann,
• Harry Mönig,
• Eric I. Altman and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 637–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.73

• normal force Fn is then calculated by taking the derivative of the total interaction potential in the vertical direction. The model tip apices used in the study are constructed from six close-packed atoms arranged in a three-layer planar configuration with the structural characteristics of a single Pt

Analysis of force-deconvolution methods in frequency-modulation atomic force microscopy

• Joachim Welker,
• Esther Illek and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 238–248, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.27

• instead to the average force gradient, as can be seen from a simple model. Let us assume an interaction potential between a tip and a sample denoted by Vts(z). Accordingly, the force is given by Fts(z) = −(dVts(z)/dz) and the force gradient by kts(z) = −(dFts(z)/dz). If kts is constant over the range of

Modeling noncontact atomic force microscopy resolution on corrugated surfaces

• Kristen M. Burson,
• Mahito Yamamoto and
• William G. Cullen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 230–237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.26

• shifts Once the tip–surface interaction potential Wt–s is obtained, the interaction force Ft–s is found straightforwardly by differentiation with respect to z. We then compute the frequency shift using the following expression [28], which is exact to 1st order in classical perturbation theory: with

Tip-sample interactions on graphite studied using the wavelet transform

• Giovanna Malegori and
• Gabriele Ferrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 172–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.21

• modifications allows to reconstruct the interaction potential and obtain information on various kinds of surface forces [7][8][9]. The influence of the local environment on the cantilever oscillations around the equilibrium position, detected by a quadrant photodiode in the optical beam deflection method, is

The description of friction of silicon MEMS with surface roughness: virtues and limitations of a stochastic Prandtl–Tomlinson model and the simulation of vibration-induced friction reduction

• W. Merlijn van Spengen,
• Viviane Turq and
• Joost W. M. Frenken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 163–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.20

• interaction potential that the system of two surfaces will encounter when the surfaces slide with respect to one another. If the MEMS tribometer would be a system in which the mean distance between the surfaces during sliding would be held constant, the contact area would fully change with the surface

• at a correlation of 0.8 and higher, the measured value deviates from the exponential curve, showing that there is a lot of variation in the interaction energy at the nanoscale as well. To define the correlation length of the interaction potential realizations ξ(x), we need to take into account that

Review and outlook: from single nanoparticles to self-assembled monolayers and granular GMR sensors

• Alexander Weddemann,
• Inga Ennen,
• Anna Regtmeier,
• Camelia Albon,
• Annalena Wolff,
• Katrin Eckstädt,
• Nadine Mill,
• Michael K.-H. Peter,
• Jochen Mattay,
• Carolin Plattner,
• Norbert Sewald and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 75–93, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.10

• resulting assemblies: An attractive potential is given by the van der Waals interaction which is caused by induced electric dipoles and acts along the connection line between them. For two interacting solid spheres Hamaker derived the expression for the interaction potential [50][51][52] with A the Hamaker