Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• co-workers showed that self-assembled DNA tetrahedron nanoarchitectures with narrow size distribution could deliver siRNA into tumor cells [71]. The programmable DNA strands were functionalized with tumor-targeting folate ligands. The nanoarchitecture consisted of six DNA strands having a total of

Bombesin receptor-targeted liposomes for enhanced delivery to lung cancer cells

• Mohammad J. Akbar,
• Pâmela C. Lukasewicz Ferreira,
• Melania Giorgetti,
• Leanne Stokes and
• Christopher J. Morris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2553–2562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.246

• and 50 nm pore sizes to produce a narrow size distribution of LUVs. Characterization of liposomal formulations Liposomes were characterized for size and zeta potential using Zetasizer Nano ZS. For size measurements the liposomal suspension was diluted 1:10 with PBS. For zeta potential measurements

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• solution containing ammonia water. Subsequently, a modified Stöber growth was performed where TEOS was continuously added over several hours with a peristaltic pump. In this way, particles with a diameter exceeding 500 nm and a narrow size distribution could be grown within one step (Figure S4H−J in

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• particles are listed in Table 1. The values are in accordance with the size observed from the TEM images and further confirms the narrow size distribution of the three types of Au-CPMV particles. The particle size measured by DLS is influenced by the substances adsorbed on the NP surface and by the

• . The particle size distribution obtained from NTA analysis (Figure 2A) showed a peaks of 51 ± 2 nm, 71 ± 3 nm and 100 ± 5 nm, respectively, with over 90% of the particles being within the measured size thus confirming the narrow size distribution. CPMV (uncoated particles) have an average diameter of

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• at 230 °C, a black powder was obtained after 10 min. The TEM measurements show spherical and non-aggregated nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution of 3.0 ± 0.5 nm (Figure 1). To validate the intermetallic 1:1 NiGa phase of the obtained nanoparticles, powder X-ray diffraction pattern (P-XRD) or

Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells

• Hannah Onafuye,
• Sebastian Pieper,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Klaus Langer and
• Martin Michaelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166

• 460 and 500 nm and polydispersity indices in the range of 0.153 and 0.213, indicating a narrow but not monodisperse size distribution (Table 1). The spherical shape and narrow size distribution of HSA nanoparticles was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as depicted for nanoparticles

• -test was used for comparing two groups. Three and more groups were compared by ANOVA followed by the Student–Newman–Keuls test. P-values lower than 0.05 were considered to be significant. SEM confirmed the spherical shape and narrow size distribution of doxorubicin-loaded HSA (100%) nanoparticles

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

• Xiupei Yang,
• Zhengli Yang,
• Fenglin Tang,
• Jing Xu,
• Maoxue Zhang and
• Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

• the polydisperse product by SSSP. The structural and optical properties of the AuNC fractions were further investigated by TEM, 1H NMR, MS and XPS. Obtaining a narrow size distribution and higher purity AuNCs by SSSP will allow their optical, electronic and catalytic properties to be determined with

Co-doped MnFe₂O₄ nanoparticles: magnetic anisotropy and interparticle interactions

• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Parviz Kameli,
• Hadi Salamati,
• Giorgio Concas,
• Maria Salvador Fernandez,
• Alessandro Talone,
• Giuseppe Muscas and
• Davide Peddis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 856–865, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.86

• , Figure S1), which in a following step is annealed in air atmosphere at 350 °C for 3 h. This double step approach ensures good crystallization of small particles with relatively narrow size distribution. The samples were named Cn, where n = 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 is the percentage of cobalt. Experimental

Thermal control of the defunctionalization of supported Au₂₅(glutathione)₁₈ catalysts for benzyl alcohol oxidation

• Zahraa Shahin,
• Hyewon Ji,
• Rodica Chiriac,
• Nadine Essayem,
• Franck Rataboul and
• Aude Demessence

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 228–237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.21

• below, with a narrow size distribution, upon calcination at temperatures up to 400 °C with 0.7 wt % Au loading. Catalytic performance The catalytic activity of Au25(SG)18@ZrO2, calcined at different temperatures, was studied for the oxidative dehydrogenation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde in the

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• -Magurele, Romania Ovidius University of Constanta, Mamaia Avenue no. 124, 900524, Constanta, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.10.2 Abstract Zn/F co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles with a mean diameter of less than 15 nm and a narrow size distribution were synthesized by a one-step laser pyrolysis technique using a

• at the nanoscale – the so called "quantum size effect". Therefore, it is very important to synthesize nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution and with a desired mean diameter in order to control their optical and electrical properties [1]. The properties that make nanometer-sized SnO2 highly

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• they formed stable, spherical agglomerates with a narrow size distribution. All GoHAp samples exhibited aggregates with sharp edges and agglomerates with a very wide size distribution (visible in the results as high values of standard deviation). HApSA and HApSA+Si form irregular agglomerates built

• . The narrow size distribution of their NOAA facilitates their intake by the cells. The low solubility of F201 and F202 could cause a retention of calcium phosphate deposits inside the cells, a kind of “cell stones”, similar to the deposition of macroscale calcium-phosphate stones in the kidneys. Such

Site-controlled formation of single Si nanocrystals in a buried SiO₂ matrix using ion beam mixing

• Xiaomo Xu,
• Thomas Prüfer,
• Daniel Wolf,
• Hans-Jürgen Engelmann,
• Lothar Bischoff,
• René Hübner,
• Karl-Heinz Heinig,
• Wolfhard Möller,
• Stefan Facsko,
• Johannes von Borany and
• Gregor Hlawacek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2883–2892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.267

• comparable density and NC size, the fluence in the simulation needs to be significantly lower for all investigated cases. This systematic deviation and the underlying physics is subject of an ongoing investigation. In order to optimize the self-assembly of vertically self-aligned Si NCs with a narrow size

• distribution, appropriate ion irradiation and thermal treatment conditions have to be identified. Selected examples of all investigated samples are presented in Figure 3. Figure 3a and Figure 3b compare different ion beam mixing conditions at an identical thermal budget (T = 1323 K, t = 60 s). If the applied

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• –surfactant molar ratio (MW). By restricting the water–surfactant molar ratio up to 10 (i.e., MW < 10) the reverse micelles can be readily formed with narrow size distribution in a synthetic reaction system [23]. The water molecules restricted inside hydrophilic core resulted in swollen micelles that were

Droplet-based synthesis of homogeneous magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Christian D. Ahrberg,
• Ji Wook Choi and
• Bong Geun Chung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2413–2420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.226

• reproducibility. Furthermore, we demonstrate how the particle size can be changed from 5.2 ± 0.9 nm to 11.8 ± 1.7 nm by changing the reaction temperature and droplet residence time in the droplet capillary reactor. Keywords: capillary reactor; droplet synthesis; magnetic nanoparticles; narrow size distribution

• droplet synthesis In theory, nanoparticle synthesis in droplets should result in reproducible nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution, compared to particles synthesized through conventional batch synthesis. To evaluate this statement, magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were synthesized in a batch

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• monodisperse in nature with a narrow size distribution, as expected from the narrow absorbance peak centered at 410 nm. The UV–vis spectroscopic data were collected before and after centrifugation (10000 rpm for 12 min) to observe how the SPR peak width and shift changed with the removal of unbound/unreacted

Nanoporous silicon nitride-based membranes of controlled pore size, shape and areal density: Fabrication as well as electrophoretic and molecular filtering characterization

• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Stefan Beirle,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Othmar Marti and
• Alfred Plettl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1390–1398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.131

• ) down to 13.6 nm (membrane C) each with a narrow size distribution. Figure 3 shows the fitted normal distributions of the pore diameters on front and back side of the membrane with the smallest pores (membrane C). For comparison, the corresponding diameter distribution of the Au NPs used as etch mask is

• added. The fitted distributions were derived from datasets consisting of more than 190 nanopores and more than 100 Au NPs. For each dataset normality tests (Kolmogorov–Smirnov) were applied and could not be rejected at a significance level of 0.01. The narrow size distribution of the NPs at process

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• so that triangular and hexagonal nanoplates with narrow size distribution form. Width and thicknesses of the nanoplates were controlled by changing the PVP concentration: An increasing PVP concentration decreased the number of nuclei and resulted in larger plates, while the absence of PVP led to

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

• Dafu Wei,
• Youwei Zhang and
• Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

• should first realize the controlled and efficient fabrication of PAN nanoparticles and PAN–PMMA nanoparticles. Very recently, we reported a novel AIBN-initiated semicontinuous emulsion polymerization method for the synthesis of narrow-size-distribution PAN nanolatex at high AN concentration and low

Calcium fluoride based multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging

• Marion Straßer,
• Joachim H. X. Schrauth,
• Sofia Dembski,
• Daniel Haddad,
• Bernd Ahrens,
• Stefan Schweizer,
• Bastian Christ,
• Alevtina Cubukova,
• Marco Metzger,
• Heike Walles,
• Peter M. Jakob and
• Gerhard Sextl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1484–1493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.148

• ) show that these NPs are non-agglomerated and exhibit a narrow size distribution and a hydrodynamic particle diameter of 25–30 nm (number- and volume-weighted, Figure 1, see also DLS of the stabilized NPs, Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1 (number-weighted)). For the determination of the MR

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• narrow size distribution in the range of 100 nm to several micrometres, the method is less suited for the synthesis of silica nanoparticles with a narrow dispersity in the size regime below 100 nm. Thus many research studies have been based on this approach, developing new synthesis methods of

• diameters of the regrowth steps, but on the size distribution. The synthesized 25 nm large Star635-embedded silica nanoparticles, using the dye modified with cysteic acid, exhibited a mean particle diameter of 20 nm (FD25_Star635) with a narrow size distribution of 4% (Table 4). The particle size

• U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and are being tested in human clinical trials [42]. Although many other reports about the preparation of silica nanoparticles with a fluorescent label have been published [43], the synthesis of silica nanoparticles in the lower nanoscale range with a narrow size

Recombinant DNA technology and click chemistry: a powerful combination for generating a hybrid elastin-like-statherin hydrogel to control calcium phosphate mineralization

• Mohamed Hamed Misbah,
• Mercedes Santos,
• Luis Quintanilla,
• Christina Günter,
• Matilde Alonso,
• Andreas Taubert and
• José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 772–783, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.80

• size and morphologies of CP under mild reaction conditions, it is difficult to control the crystallinity and phase purity of the synthesized CP nanostructures with narrow size distribution [9][12]. Furthermore, the generation of delicate nanostructures, for example neuron-like morphology of amorphous

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• (DTES)). Spherical nanoparticles (ca. 9 nm) with narrow size distribution were obtained by using DTES or by synthesis performed without silane coupling agents. Rod-like nanoparticles along with 9 nm spherical nanoparticles were formed using aminosilane coupling agents because of a combination of

• nm and a narrow size distribution. Samples functionalized with aminosilane (Figure 3c,d) exhibit similar nanoparticles, but also larger rod-like nanoparticles. Similar crystallite size and roughness of the rod-like nanostructures suggest that they are formed by oriented attachment [31] of the

Comparison of four functionalization methods of gold nanoparticles for enhancing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

• Paula Ciaurriz,
• Fátima Fernández,
• Edurne Tellechea,
• Jose F. Moran and
• Aaron C. Asensio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 244–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.27

• ]. AuNPs possess the advantages of easy synthesis and narrow size distribution together with an easy and efficient surface modification compatible with linkers or biomolecules [16]. A critical step for obtaining gold complexes is the conjugation of biomolecules to AuNPs. Increasingly, the process of

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• control of formed micro- or nanostructures [19]. Most studies in this area relate to the thermal decomposition of metal complexes with ligands such as acetylacetonates, acetates and oleates. Good results in terms of narrow size distribution of nanoparticles are correlated with nucleation and growth stages

• obtain spherical small nanoparticles, NPT1a, with a narrow size distribution. The nanoparticle dispersion and diameter distribution was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4). It was confirmed that the high amount of stabilizing agent for NPT1a provided

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• µm. The low-density foams consist of nearly monodisperse small spheres with diameters between 2 and 3 µm. These micropearls have a narrow size distribution. The sample morphology is quite uniform over large areas. Occasionally, the micropearls are grown together forming larger units. However, in most

• microspheres generally have a narrow size distribution. An attractive interaction keeps the spheres together, forming the overall foam structure. We find that if other variables are kept constant, the size of the spheres is dependent on the process temperature. At higher temperatures we still find spherical