Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2016,7, 1486–1491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.141
explored from both a fundamental theory point of view [1][2], as well as experimentally in a host of different device architectures, including as additives in dye solar cells [3][4], organic photovoltaics [5][6], and perovskites [7][8] and as the active light absorbing component in conjunction with
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Figure 1:
Effect of dry shear aligning (DSA) on film morphology. a) and b) show SEM images of thin films prod...
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.2015,6, 1467–1484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.152
electron–polaron hole–polaron pair generation and separation at the interface.
Keywords: current–voltage characteristics; perovskites; photovoltaics; polarons; Introduction
At present, photovoltaic devices are mainly based on high purity elemental or compound inorganic semiconducting materials with large
semiconductors such as conjugated polymers [8] as well as some perovskite oxides [9][10][11]. Perovskites have the general formula ABX3, where the A cation in a cuboctahedral site coordinates with 12 anions, and the B cation in an octahedral site coordinates with 6 anions. New perovskite materials under
evaluation for photovoltaic systems reveal vastly different properties ranging from narrow band gap manganite oxides perovskites with hopping transport to broad band gap lead halide perovskites [9][12][13][14]. For the lead halide perovskites the constituents are: A = CH3NH3+, B = Pb, and X = I, Br, Cl
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Figure 1:
Schematic overview of electrochemical equilibrium (a) in large bandwidth inorganic semiconductors a...