High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites

• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Marina N. Rumyantseva,
• Alexander S. Frolov,
• Alexey D. Yapryntsev and
• Alexander M. Gaskov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1537–1547, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.151

• Polycarbosilane (PCS) was used as a precursor. In a typical procedure, 1 g of PCS was dissolved in 10 mL of chloroform. After the PCS completely dissolved, 1 g of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, M = 1 300 000) was added. The mixture was actively stirred for 5 h at 40 °C. The polymer solution was loaded in a plastic

Effect of electrospinning process variables on the size of polymer fibers and bead-on-string structures established with a 2³ factorial design

• Paulina Korycka,
• Adam Mirek,
• Katarzyna Kramek-Romanowska,
• Marcin Grzeczkowicz and
• Dorota Lewińska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2466–2478, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.231

• structure. According to this study, the higher the concentration of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) ethanolic solution (higher solution viscosity) used, the thicker the fibers. In addition, both the type of solvent (its physicochemical properties) and the water content in the solvent turned out to be influential

• to assess the influence of these factors on the fiber diameter and bead size. Experimental Materials Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, 1300 kDa), purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, was chosen because it can be prepared with harmless and easily accessible solvents such as ethanol. The solutions of PVP dissolved

• ) and (B) maximum electrical voltage (U = 1). Dynamic viscosity of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solutions. Process variables selected for the factorial analysis for fiber diameter. Process variables selected for the factorial analysis of bead size and fiber diameter in the fibrous mats with bead-on-string

Facile synthesis of silver/silver thiocyanate (Ag@AgSCN) plasmonic nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance

• Xinfu Zhao,
• Dairong Chen,
• Abdul Qayum,
• Bo Chen and
• Xiuling Jiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2781–2789, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.277

• Information File 1) shows the SEM image of the sample obtained without polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). The product was composed of nanoparticles with of tens of nanometers in diameter with a large size distribution. This result revealed that the formation of the nanoplate units which composed the Ag@AgSCN

• /silver thiocyanate nanostructures (Ag@AgSCN). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, K30, Beijing Reagent Co.) and hydrazine hydrate (N2H4·H2O, 85 wt %, Shanghai Chemical Co.) were used as stabilizer and reducing agent, respectively. For the photocatalytic test, oxytetracycline was purchased from Sinopharm Chemical

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• includes elastic repulsion and osmotic pressure as stabilizing mechanisms [92][93]. Polymers as capping agents typically form a thicker shell. Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in ethylene glycol [88] and polymethacrylic acid with thioether functionality in aqueous media [94] were introduced during synthesis in

• ] (section 2.2) to create stable, ethanol-based Ag nanoparticle inks; they deposited layers that could be cured at 100 °C. Exchanging hexadecylamine on the surface of copper nanowires (CuNWs) by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) resulted in well-dispersed CuNW inks. The PVP chains stabilized the nanowires mainly

Near-infrared-responsive, superparamagnetic Au@Co nanochains

• Varadee Vittur,
• Arati G. Kolhatkar,
• Shreya Shah,
• Irene Rusakova,
• Dmitri Litvinov and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1680–1687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.168

• polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), Au@Co nanochains with a hollow interior are formed. Using this new methodology, we were able to shift the optical extinction of the generated nanoparticles to the near-infrared (NIR) region (about 900 nm), which is significantly higher than the maximum of 700 nm observed previously for

Miniemulsion copolymerization of (meth)acrylates in the presence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for reinforced coating applications

• Bertha T. Pérez-Martínez,
• Lorena Farías-Cepeda,
• Víctor M. Ovando-Medina,
• José M. Asua,
• Lucero Rosales-Marines and
• Radmila Tomovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1328–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.134

• performed either in water or in air, and afterwards stabilization by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in dispersion. Air-sonicated MWCNTs allowed for a smooth polymerization reaction, resulting in 20 wt % solids content (s.c.), stable and film-forming latexes with up to 1 wt % MWCNTs incorporated. Important

• purchased from IoLiTec Nanomaterials Co. (98.5%, Germany). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with molar mass of 10,000 g·mol−1 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (99%). Potassium persulfate (KPS) was used as an initiator and purchased from Fluka. Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) from Sigma-Aldrich (99%) and stearyl

• disentangling the bundles, sonication is expected to break the MWCNTs. The aqueous dispersion of MWCNTs used in the composite preparation was prepared by dispersing the treated MWCNTs (0.15 g) in water (50.5 g) in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, 3 g) and sonicated for 10 min (70% of power output and

Surface-enhanced infrared absorption studies towards a new optical biosensor

• Lothar Leidner,
• Julia Stäb,
• Jennifer T. Adam and
• Günter Gauglitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1736–1742, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.166

• used in the experiments were polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) stabilized spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNP) with a diameter of 51 nm in aqueous suspension, AgNP content 0.01% (w/w) and PVP content 0.2% (w/w). The nanoparticle suspension was used as delivered. Amplification of water OH-stretching band

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• pentagonal silver crystals into silver wires when capped with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in the polyol synthesis. Their calculations showed that at high concentrations of PVP, the energy difference between the (100) and (111) facets is sufficiently reduced, eliciting a strain restriction, which in turn

Synthesis of cobalt nanowires in aqueous solution under an external magnetic field

• Xiaoyu Li,
• Lijuan Sun,
• Hu Wang,
• Kenan Xie,
• Qin Long,
• Xuefei Lai and
• Li Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 990–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.91

• pressures, cobalt nanowires were synthesized by chemical reduction in aqueous solution with the assistance of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant under moderate conditions for the first time, while an external magnetic field of 40 mT was applied. Uniform linear cobalt nanowires with relatively smooth

• under moderate conditions [12]. In this research, with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as surfactant, uniform linear cobalt nanowires with a mean diameter of about 100 nm were synthesized in aqueous solution under an external magnetic field at low temperature and atmosphere pressure for the first time. All

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• , they produced spherical Ag NPs with an average diameter of 26 nm, and polydispersity of 2.3%. They also investigated the capability of different ionic and non-ionic surfactants and also polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) in surface modification and stabilization of Ag NPs produced

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• 15% uncoated. ENMs were most often modified with citrate (31% of all coatings) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP; 24% of all coatings) (Figure 4a). The high percentage of coated NPs in the database can be explained by the fact that nanosilver which constituted 35% of the database entries is frequently

• functionalised with different coatings, polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and citrate being the most widely used. A parameter closely related to NP surface properties is surface charge. It has been shown that positively charged ENMs tend to attach to the cellular surface that is negatively charged and these

High sensitivity and high resolution element 3D analysis by a combined SIMS–SPM instrument

• Yves Fleming and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1091–1099, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.110

• )/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer blend was prepared using a 75:25 (wt %) ratio of PS/PVP homopolymers. The homopolymers of PS with molecular mass Mw = 350,000 (Mw/Mn = 2.05) and PVP with molecular mass Mn = 40,000 (Mw/Mn = 1.03) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Both polymers were diluted in chloroform. The polymer

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

Microwave assisted synthesis and characterisation of a zinc oxide/tobacco mosaic virus hybrid material. An active hybrid semiconductor in a field-effect transistor device

• Shawn Sanctis,
• Rudolf C. Hoffmann,
• Sabine Eiben and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 785–791, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.81

• the zinc oximato complex and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (mol. wt ≈ 10k) in methanol and drop wise addition of a solution of tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) in methanol, so that the final concentrations were [Zn2+] = 10 mM, [PVP] = 10 mM, and [TEAOH] = 12.5 mM. The microwave reactions were

• using a methanolic solution of zinc complex as a zinc source and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a growth inhibiting and stabilizing agent for the zinc oxide nanoparticles. PVP has been reported to have a higher efficiency in suppressing the growth of zinc oxide during its formation, in comparison to

Proinflammatory and cytotoxic response to nanoparticles in precision-cut lung slices

• Stephanie Hirn,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Matthias Epple,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Markus Rehberg and
• Fritz Krombach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2440–2449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.253

• polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated Ag-NPs under submerged culture conditions in vitro. ZnO-NPs (NM110) served as ‘soluble’ and quartz particles (Min-U-Sil) as ‘non-soluble’ control particles. After 4 and 24 h, the cell viability and the release of proinflammatory cytokines was measured. In addition, multiphoton

Synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled silica core-shell and noble metal-decorated ceria nanoparticles

• Rudolf Herrmann,
• Markus Rennhak and
• Armin Reller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2413–2423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.251

• stabilize the NP with surfactants like IGEPAL CO-520 but with no appreciable success. The only efficient approach up to now to controlled agglomeration of ceria NP is their synthesis from cerium(III) nitrate in ethanol/water mixtures in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), at temperatures exceeding

Influence of stabilising agents and pH on the size of SnO₂ nanoparticles

• Olga Rac,
• Patrycja Suchorska-Woźniak,
• Marta Fiedot and
• Helena Teterycz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2192–2201, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.228

• , polyethylenimine (PEI) or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and t-octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-100) as a surfactant with a hydrophilic–lipophilic balance (HBL) of 13.5. Anhydrous tin(IV) chloride is a strong Lewis acid and easily forms complexes [21]. In contrast, PEI is a synthetic cationic polymer which may

• ) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), with three different average molar masses were used in the study. As demonstrated by the results of this study, in case of PVP, large tin dioxide particles approximately 1–2 µm in diameter were obtained (Table 2). The analysis of the results clearly showed that

Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

• Christina Sengstock,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Thomas A. Schildhauer and
• Manfred Köller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214

• predict the possible health risks. Experimental Synthesis of silver nanoparticles Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated silver nanoparticles were synthesized by reduction with glucose in the presence of PVP as described previously [19][21]. The final silver concentration in all dispersions was determined by

Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

• Fabian Herzog,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Sandor Balog,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Matthias Epple,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

• (diameter 100 nm; coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone: PVP). Ag NPs were found to be highly aggregated within ALI exposed cells with no impairment of cell morphology. Furthermore, a significant increase in release of cytotoxic (LDH), oxidative stress (SOD-1, HMOX-1) or pro-inflammatory markers (TNF-α, IL-8

• study [44] we used polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated Ag NPs with a larger size. Those particles are well characterized and have been previously used in other studies [45][46]. In addition, the results between air–liquid interface (ALI) and submerged exposures to different concentrations were performed

• , NO3−, excess glucose and its oxidation products, excess PVP, and excess Ag+ were fully removed. The silver nanoparticles were then redispersed in water. The final silver concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30, Povidon 30; Fluka, molecular

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

• Nadine Haberl,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Alexander Wenk,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
• Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

• aim of the current study was to assess the adverse health effects of AgNP in vivo, more specifically, after the intratracheal instillation in rats, with a focus on cytotoxicity and cytokine induction. Therefore, monodisperse polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNP (70 nm mean diameter) were instilled

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

• containing Zn(NO3), Co(NO3), nitric acid, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as an additive, 300 nm diameter Zn1−xCoxO nanowires with x ranging from 0.01 to 0.05 were grown [94]. The synthesis and properties of semiconducting CdTe and CdS nanowires are being investigated for their potential in photodetector and

Room temperature synthesis of indium tin oxide nanotubes with high precision wall thickness by electroless deposition

• Mario Boehme,
• Emanuel Ionescu,
• Ganhua Fu and
• Wolfgang Ensinger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 119–126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.14

• ) membrane filters, exposed in a very controlled way to charged particles in a nuclear reactor, were obtained from Whatman/GE™ and comparable companies. Because the surface of the commercial membrane filters was treated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), an additional etching process was used to remove the PVP