Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• , examples of molecular nanoarchitectonics are introduced, and future prospects of nanoarchitectonics are discussed. Nanotech-driven synthetic nanoarchitectonics Molecular nanoarchitectonics is available on various size scales. Nanoarchitectonics at the molecular level involves the integration of synthetic

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• scattering effects start to dominate when the particle size is reduced beyond the mean free path of 40 nm for these nanoparticles) [73]. Electron–electron thermalization timescales for noble metals such as Au range from 10 to 100 fs, whereas the time scales for the electron–phonon interaction are slightly

Formation of nanoflowers: Au and Ni silicide cores surrounded by SiO_x branches

• Feitao Li,
• Siyao Wan,
• Dong Wang and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.14

• circles in (a, b) show the boundary of nanoflowers and particles. Images 1–4 in (d) show areas increasingly further away from the border of the cavity in 10Au10Ni, as marked in (b). The scale bar in (c) is also valid for (a, b), and the scales of the four images in (d) are the same. The scale bars of the

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• experiments require modern and expensive equipments. In this regard, precision experimental studies in critical regions are fraught with significant difficulties due to both temporal and spatial scales of object behavior [4]. Despite the existing difficulties, the interest in the study of phase transitions is

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• voltage at a given current scales linearly with the number of JJs, which allows for an unambiguous determination of N. In Figure 3a, N = 46, 63, 90, 107, 122, 140, 155, 172, 184, and 207 (from left to right). In Figure 3b N = 140, 172, 184, 207, 224, 243, 271, 284, 304, 328, 365, 380, 422, 444, 478, 521

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• films can be obtained by centrifugation from a solution in cyclohexanone on a metal surface with a thickness from several nanometers up to micrometers. High homogeneity and defect-free surfaces on nanoscopic scales have been repeatedly confirmed by various methods, including scanning tunneling and

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• ][16][17] could be applied at different length scales, ranging from the nano- to the macroscale. One can envision various applications at larger scales, such as the characterization of muscular viscoelasticity in orthopedic rehabilitation or in athletics, where the mechanical properties of muscles

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• comparatively cheap and easy to produce on large scales, show, that MSM are a promising new alternative for the development of biomimetic under water air retaining surfaces. However, as other prototypes, they show stable air retention in low depth but lose their air layers in higher depth due to diffusion of

Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)

• Anthony J. Cobos and
• Timothy E. Higham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107

• testing the effects of roughness. Surface roughness can be qualitatively characterized in different ways (rough vs smooth), but it is a complex parameter to quantify as real surfaces in nature vary over many length scales and can have significant effects on the efficacy of an adhesive system [30][31]. At

• ability. This suggests that there are other underlying mechanisms that contribute to clinging ability apart from pad area. Adhesive pad area across climbing taxa spans seven orders of magnitude and scales with positive allometry [44] but, after accounting for size and phylogeny, toepad area scaled with

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• the same height as the bristles and hairs. The outside of the mandible is covered with hairs evenly. Surface structures on bee mandibles SEM micrographs also revealed that bee mandibles are covered with anisotropic scale-like micropatterns (Figure 4). Most of the scales on the medial surface of the

• mandible were pentagonal or hexagonal, though the shape and proportions varied depending on the area they cover. The scales in the flat area measured 18.1 ± 2.4 µm/9.55 ± 1.3 µm at their minimum/maximum width, respectively (Figure 4B). However, closer to the apex and the sharp edge, the structures were

• less pronounced and eventually seemed to fade completely (Figure 4C,E). In the channel area, the structures were rounder (9.34 ± 0.77 µm/8.21 ± 0.82 µm) and had blunt edges (Figure 4F). Scales on the ledge on the other hand had an oblong shape (31.67 ± 9.34 µm/9.05 ± 2.25 µm) and were oriented parallel

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• scales between them. AFM analysis of recrystallized structures Like the SEM analysis, the AFM analysis showed granule-shaped structures on the artificial surface (1400 µg). By removing the wax with a razor blade, a distinct edge was created, showing a 1.12 ± 0.23 µm thick wax layer (Figure 5). Analysis

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• that inhibit initial attachment or directly kill microbes (see Figure 2) [50]. Natural surfaces provide many examples of anti-adhesive topography, including nanostructured pikes on Cicada wings [51], micro-structured and patterned riblets of the shark skin scales [52], hierarchically micro- and

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• can be found in [37]. Photoinduced demagnetization and the recovery are observed only at T < TC. One can readily recognize two demagnetization processes that reveal themselves as the rising components and occur at time scales of subpicoseconds and tens of picoseconds. Therefore, the responses in the

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• temperature and, thus, scales with their molar area and thermal expansion coefficient. The surface tension of the eutectic Ga–In–Sn liquid at the melting point has been reported to = 587 mN/m. Since the surface tension originates from the imbalanced bonding of atoms at the liquid–vapor interface [29], it

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

• shown in Figure 3c. The AC-KPFM successfully resolved the inhomogeneous SPV distribution with fluctuations on scales of 10–50 nm and a few millivolts, whereas classical KPFM observed a homogeneous SPV distribution over the TiO2 surface with sub-micrometer resolution [12][51] because of the influence of

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• of the deposited graphene film has a value that scales with the quantity of solvent used. The results thus indicate that dilution of solution-processed graphene can be used as a tool to control graphene film thickness. Also, the centrifugation rate can be controlled to make films of desired thickness

Approaching microwave photon sensitivity with Al Josephson junctions

• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Ladeynov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 582–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.50

• initial and excited states). There are not many examples in solid-state physics with such energy scales. Another difficulty is that a spontaneous change of the state must be significantly less probable so that the detector could be in a waiting mode for a significant amount of time. Superconductor

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• different characteristics and kinds of behavior of compounds on submicrometer and nanometer scales and resulted in the development of new methods such as electrospinning, self-assembly, phase separation, nano-imprinting, and photolithography for the generation of new biomaterials with improved properties

Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film

• Rahil Hosseinifar,
• Evangelos Golias,
• Ivar Kumberg,
• Quentin Guillet,
• Karl Frischmuth,
• Sangeeta Thakur,
• Mario Fix,
• Manfred Albrecht,
• Florian Kronast and
• Wolfgang Kuch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.5

• deterministic toggle switching. Keywords: all-optical magnetic switching; GdFe; laser-induced domain-wall motion; magnetic domain imaging; photoemission electron microscopy; Introduction The reversal of magnetization at the fastest possible time scales and microscopic length scales is one of the most

• -optical toggle switching is the reproducibility of the switching event on microscopic length scales. The presence of magnetic domain walls has been found to limit the repeatability of the switching event, leading to nondeterministic switching in the vicinity of the domain walls [9]. This has been

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• increased as compared to a diode glow discharge ignited without inserting magnets. In the case of MS systems, the discharge current I scales exponentially with the applied voltage V, as highlighted by the equation I = k·Vn, where k and n depend on the magnetron cathode and other process parameters as

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

• Ruifei Wang,
• Jin Chai,
• Bobo Luo,
• Xiong Liu,
• Jianting Zhang,
• Min Wu,
• Mingdan Wei and
• Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

• surface roughness on the flow boundary conditions, since a perfectly smooth surface is an idealized model even at molecular scales. Numerous investigations have demonstrated that the variations of topography on the surface can drastically influence the effective slip length [81][82]. However, the

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• l = 2, 3 with Results and Discussion Before we present numerical results, let us look at the energy scales we are going to discuss. Typical values of the bandwidths of the metallic organic wires are several hundreds of millielectronvolts [79][80]. The charging energy parametrized by U can be

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• themselves at various length scales. Interestingly, fractals can also be fabricated artificially in labs under controlled growth environments and be explored for various applications. Such fractals have a repeating unit that spans in length from nano- to millimeter range. Fractals thus can be regarded as

• applications are reviewed. The present article first describes what fractals are and what characteristic length scales are associated with fractal growth, followed by material-wise characterization of fab-frac gas sensors discussing their performance and fractal geometries. Some basic definitions are included

• different length scales are termed as fractals. Few researchers have reported fractal growth under lab environment [40][42][43][44][45], which are artificially made and are referred to as fab-fracs in this work. Fractal length scales and growth models All fractal geometries have characteristic length scales

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF₃)₄

• Alexey Prosvetov,
• Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
• Gennady Sushko and
• Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

• induces the release of metal-free ligands and the growth of metal-enriched deposits. It involves a complex interplay of phenomena taking place on different temporal and spatial scales: (i) deposition, diffusion, and desorption of precursor molecules on the substrate; (ii) transport of the primary

• replenishment phase is challenging for MD simulations as it would require simulating the slow adsorption and desorption of new precursors and the created molecular fragments from the surface occurring on relatively large time scales. For specific values of pressure and temperature, the duration of the