Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• regenerative medicine. The use of nanosized hydroxyapatites in biomedical applications is constantly growing due to their good mechanical properties and enhanced efficiency of gene transfection in drug delivery. Calcium phosphates are sensitive to the preparation conditions [11][12][13][14][15]. They can be

• delivery or more effective gene transfection based on hydroxyapatite. The degree of crystallinity can be a factor in determining how long an agglomerate will stay inside the cell and what will be the drug-release rate. Hydroxyapatites with exceptionally large surface area could be also used for

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• from MRI contrast agents to drug-delivery systems, local heat sources in magnetic hyperthermia therapy of tumors, magnetically assisted transfection of cells, and magnetic field-assisted separation techniques. Let us to note that MRI is already widely used in human medicine and several iron-oxide-based

Non-agglomerated silicon–organic nanoparticles and their nanocomplexes with oligonucleotides: synthesis and properties

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Nadezhda V. Shikina,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Svetlana A. Yashnik,
• Dmitrii V. Semenov,
• Yulia I. Savinovskaya,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova,
• Inna A. Pyshnaya and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2516–2525, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.234

• , and to protect DNA against intracellular nucleases [5][6]. The prospect of using SiO2 nanoparticles as nonviral nanovectors to deliver plasmid DNA and their lower toxicity compared to the widely used transfection agent lipofectamine was shown in previous work [6]. It was demonstrated that SiO2

Nanoparticle delivery to metastatic breast cancer cells by nanoengineered mesenchymal stem cells

• Liga Saulite,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 321–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.32

• ’-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), calcein, PKH67 and baculovirus gene transfer into mammalian cells (BacMam) transfection lacked cell type- selective specificity (data not shown). Thus, we used CD90 as a selective marker for MSCs because it is not expressed on MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells [23]. Additionally, we

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• drug carriers [3][4][5], as transfection agents [6][7], for cancer treatment by local hyperthermia [8][9], for labelling [10][11] and for bioimaging [12][13][14]. The detection of cell-associated and internalised nanoparticles and the analysis of their interactions with extracellular or subcellular

Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets

• Jennifer E. Francis,
• David Mason and
• Raphaël Lévy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125

• previously [41]. Cells were split 1:15 when ≥80% confluent with trypsin-EDTA. Transfection HeLa cells were seeded onto 16 mm glass coverslips (100,000 cells/mL) in a 12-well plate and transfected with pG-EGFP-A (soluble GFP) or pG-EGFP-HIF2α (EGFP-HIF2α) using FuGENE6 transfection reagent (Roche Limited, UK

• ), following the manufacturer's protocol (3:1 transfection reagent/DNA plasmid). Site click conjugation of Qdot625 to anti-GFP Following the manufacturer's protocol, a commercial site-click Qdot 625 antibody conjugation kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, UK) was used to conjugate a primary mouse (clones 7.1 and

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• mean intensity average. Transfection assay Analogous to the description in [61], transient transfection of MSCs was performed using Cell Light® Reagent-GFP, BacMam 2.0 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA) according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Briefly, MSCs were seeded at a density of 1.5 × 104

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• ]. For instance, nucleic acids like DNA [10][11][12][13], siRNA [14][15][16][17] and µRNA [18] have been successfully introduced to perform transfection, gene silencing, prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination [19][20][21]. All kinds of synthetic molecules and biomolecules can be transported across the

High antiviral effect of TiO₂·PL–DNA nanocomposites targeted to conservative regions of (−)RNA and (+)RNA of influenza A virus in cell culture

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Elena V. Bessudnova,
• Ekaterina I. Filippova,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1166–1173, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.108

• previously proposed the TiO2·PL–DNA system [17], where oligonucleotides were noncovalently immobilized on TiO2 nanoparticles through the polylysine (PL) linker. It was shown that TiO2·PL–DNA nanocomposites can penetrate into cells without any additional treatment (i.e., transfection agents or physical impact

• that the use of the proposed TiO2·PL–DNA nanocomposites leads to the more efficient inhibition of the IAV replication as compared to the data of other researchers who used NA-based agents against IAV segment 5 [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. Transfection of the IAV-infected MDCK cells with

• phosphorothioate oligonucleotide (4 µM) targeted to the internal coding regions of the (+)strand of the NP gene (NP-267, NP-628, and NP-749) in the presence of lipofectamine led to a slight reduction of the virus titer by 0.93–1.23 log [8]. The DOTAP-mediated transfection of the clone 76 cells with

Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Marina Dobrivojević,
• Lada Brkić Ahmed,
• Michal Babič,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Daniel Horák and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 926–936, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.84

• commercially available transfection agents [17]. However, the transfection methods need to be optimized for each cell line to limit cytotoxic effects of the transfection agents and increase the cellular uptake of nanoparticles [15][17]. Recent studies indicate advantages of PLL coating in comparison to dextran

• electrostatic interaction between negatively charged ions of the cell membrane and the surface of the culture plate. Due to the presence of NH2 groups, which promote cell adhesion, PLL is as well used as a non-viral transfection agent for gene delivery and DNA complexation [20]. Our previous studies showed that

• compared with control unlabeled cells. To achieve the same labeling efficiency it seems that dextran-coated nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles would require the addition of a transfection agent to promote internalization [23]. In addition, immunocytochemistry analysis of NSCs labeled with PLL-γ-Fe2O3 and

The role of morphology and coupling of gold nanoparticles in optical breakdown during picosecond pulse exposures

• Yevgeniy R. Davletshin and
• J. Carl Kumaradas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 869–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.79

• understanding of the mechanism of plasma formation in the vicinity of gold nanoparticles in the picosecond regime hinders the interpretation of experimental results and the development of cell transfection mediated through gold nanoparticles [44][45]. For applications such as transfection a complete theoretical

• picture of plasma formation in the picosecond regime with the use of gold nanoparticles is needed to optimize its use [44]. This will lower the operating cost compared to transfection using femtosecond pulsed lasers. The lack of understanding of how the morphology and assembly of gold nanoparticles lowers

• the threshold by four orders of magnitude in comparison to pure water [56]. These findings can further advance the use of gold nanoparticles and their assemblies for applications, such as gold-mediated transfection and opto-poration [45][59][60][61], nanoparticle-enhanced laser-induced breakdown

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• efficiency, (9) loading efficiency, and (10) transfection efficiency [17]. To identify mentions associated with PAMAM entities, the authors utilize the freely available open source NLP pipeline General Architecture for Text Engineering (GATE, https://gate.ac.uk/) and its IE module ANNIE (a Nearly-New

Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air–blood barrier model

• Jennifer Y. Kasper,
• Lisa Feiden,
• Maria I. Hermanns,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Michael Maskos,
• Ronald E. Unger and
• C. James Kirkpatrick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 517–528, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.54

• transfection and delivery studies using mainly cationic polymers or liposomes [8][24]. The positive NP surface charge enables better cellular contact and/or uptake than negatively charged or neutral molecules [25]. Nevertheless, the use of these positively charged drug and gene delivery carriers remains

Caveolin-1 and CDC42 mediated endocytosis of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in HeLa cells

• Nils Bohmer and
• Andreas Jordan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 167–176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.16

• grown in Dulbecco`s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Invitrogen, Cat. No. 31885023), supplemented with 10% FBS, and cultivated in an incubator at 37 °C and 5% CO2. Transfection procedure and efficiency Lipofectamine™ 2000 transfection reagent Cells were transfected according to the standard protocol of Life

• Technologies. To achieve the optimal transfection efficiency, two transfection rounds on day 1 and 3 after cell plating were performed. In preliminary experiments the knockdown technique was optimized to cause no cell death by applying different ranges of transfection reagent with different amounts of siRNA

• were transfected according to the protocol “Thermo Scientific DharmaFECT Transfection Reagents - siRNA Transfection Protocol“ and DharmaFECT 1 siRNA Transfection Reagent (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Cat. No. T-2001-01) was used. Information about the siRNA-mix (SMARTpool®) used is shown in Table 3

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• properties. However, this process adds further uncertainties to the assessment since another material is introduced into the system. For example, polyethylenimine (PEI) is a cytocompatible polymer and principally used for DNA transfection and cell permeabilization. The BNNTs were coated with PEI for

Anticancer efficacy of a supramolecular complex of a 2-diethylaminoethyl–dextran–MMA graft copolymer and paclitaxel used as an artificial enzyme

• Yasuhiko Onishi,
• Yuki Eshita,
• Rui-Cheng Ji,
• Masayasu Onishi,
• Takashi Kobayashi,
• Masaaki Mizuno,
• Jun Yoshida and
• Naoji Kubota

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2293–2307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.238

• through grafting MMA onto DEAE–dextran as the backbone polymer by using a tetravalent ceric salt [14]. It generates a polymer micelle that forms a microphase-separated structure with a hydrophilic domain for the DEAE–dextran part and a hydrophobic domain for the graft polymer PMMA. When the transfection

• rate of DEAE–dextran (grafting rate 0%) and DDMC was compared by using a reporter gene (β-galactosidase) in HEK293 cells (Figure 1a), DDMC (grafting rate 130%) exhibited a remarkable increase in the transfection rate [15]. The stabilization effect of DDMC can be understood with respect to the

• [15]. Conversely, for DDMC/DNA, the DNA decomposition hardly progressed, but the absorbance variation was very small. It is thought that the protective action from DNase digestion is markedly larger for DDMC than for DEAE–dextran, and this resulted in the increased transfection efficiency. Therefore

Imaging the intracellular degradation of biodegradable polymer nanoparticles

• Anne-Kathrin Barthel,
• Martin Dass,
• Melanie Dröge,
• Jens-Michael Cramer,
• Daniela Baumann,
• Markus Urban,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder and
• Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.201

• cells (MSCs) were chosen because they are promising candidates for regenerative medicine [18][19] and they show a moderate cleavage rate without addition of transfection agents or mitotic inhibitors [20][21]. Common strategies to monitor and quantify the nanoparticle load on a single cell level are

Influence of surface-modified maghemite nanoparticles on in vitro survival of human stem cells

• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Lyubov L. Lukash,
• Tetiana A. Ruban,
• Yurii N. Kolomiets,
• Svitlana P. Shpylova and
• Oksana A. Grypych

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1732–1737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.183

• least, the surface shell of the magnetic cores has to participate actively in the uptake of the conjugates, proteins and/or antibodies. Internalization (transfection) agents [10] or specific targeting groups [11][12] are therefore often bound to the particles in order to support their uptake by the

Magnetic-Fe/Fe₃O₄-nanoparticle-bound SN38 as carboxylesterase-cleavable prodrug for the delivery to tumors within monocytes/macrophages

• Hongwang Wang,
• Tej B. Shrestha,
• Matthew T. Basel,
• Raj K. Dani,
• Gwi-Moon Seo,
• Sivasai Balivada,
• Marla M. Pyle,
• Heidy Prock,
• Olga B. Koper,
• Prem S. Thapa,
• David Moore,
• Ping Li,
• Viktor Chikan,
• Deryl L. Troyer and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 444–455, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.51

• stable transfection. Loading Mo/Ma with nanoparticles and determination of iron loading in Mo/Ma cells To determine the loading of nanoparticles, Mo/Ma were plated in a six-well plate at a density of 300,000 cm−2, and incubated overnight at 37 °C to become 70% confluent. The next day, the medium was