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Search for "transport" in Full Text gives 780 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Radiosensitizing properties of dual-functionalized carbon nanostructures loaded with temozolomide

  • Radmila Milenkovska,
  • Nikola Geskovski,
  • Dushko Shalabalija,
  • Ljubica Mihailova,
  • Petre Makreski,
  • Dushko Lukarski,
  • Igor Stojkovski,
  • Maja Simonoska Crcarevska and
  • Kristina Mladenovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 229–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.18

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  • enable transport and delivery to brain tumors. Inorganic nanostructures as TMZ carriers have shown several advantages compared to organic ones with respect to physicochemical stability and potency/cytotoxic activity, overcoming their main disadvantages, that is, hydrophobicity/fluidity and toxicity by
  • release was also provided through loading TMZ in a hybrid compound of carbon quantum dots, chitosan, polyethylene oxide, and carboxymethyl cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol (CS-PEO-CQDs/CMC-PVA) via coaxial spinning, and a transport system of CMC-PVA coating and CS-PEO-CQDs core was formed [41][42]. In a study
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Published 19 Feb 2025

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

  • Bedah Rupaedah,
  • Indrika Novella,
  • Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
  • Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
  • Anna Safarrida,
  • Abdul Hapid,
  • Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
  • Suryana Suryana,
  • Irwan Kurnia and
  • Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

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  • maintain their viability over time [4]. Consequently, the characteristics of the carrier material used to transport rhizobacteria are critical in determining their survival and successful colonization within both soil and root systems. This, in turn, contributes to the development of biofertilizers as a
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Published 18 Feb 2025

A review of metal-organic frameworks and polymers in mixed matrix membranes for CO2 capture

  • Charlotte Skjold Qvist Christensen,
  • Nicholas Hansen,
  • Mahboubeh Motadayen,
  • Nina Lock,
  • Martin Lahn Henriksen and
  • Jonathan Quinson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 155–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.14

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  • of MOF-based MMMs in a general context have been published by Lin et al. [27] and Kitao and coworkers [28]. Focusing on gas separation in general, Daglar et al. [29] have summarized computational approaches to simulate gas transport in thin-film MOF membranes and MOF-based MMMs. With an emphasis on
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Published 12 Feb 2025

Comparison of organic and inorganic hole transport layers in double perovskite material-based solar cell

  • Deepika K and
  • Arjun Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 119–127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.11

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  • , that is, La2NiMnO6 (LNMO), is studied with the organic and inorganic hole transport layers (HTLs) Cu2O and PEDOT:PSS. Our study yields a significant improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells with two types of HTLs. The optimized devices achieved a maximum PCE of
  • performance. Keywords: double perovskite solar cell (DPSC); electron transport layer (ETL); hole transport layer (HTL); SCAPS-1D; simulation; Introduction The rapid growth of the world population has increased the global need for energy, which has become undoubtedly quite strong. To date, the energy
  • 2009 to 26.1% in 2023 [5][6]. PSCs consist of an absorber layer sandwiched between charge transport layers (CTLs), that is, the hole transport layer (HTL) and the electron transport layer (ETL). Light generates excitons, which further dissociate into electrons and holes. The electrons and holes are
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Published 06 Feb 2025

Nanocarriers and macrophage interaction: from a potential hurdle to an alternative therapeutic strategy

  • Naths Grazia Sukubo,
  • Paolo Bigini and
  • Annalisa Morelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 97–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.10

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  • NCs to transport drugs, mRNAs, and other therapeutic agents directly to the site of pathology represents a significant advancement in medical treatment modalities. This approach can significantly support the shift towards more targeted and efficient therapeutic strategies. This progress results from
  • transport across membranes, and extend circulation times. These advantages could reduce the negative effects of off-target drug accumulation and improve the release to the disease sites compared to current delivery systems [6]. Despite the expected applications in the biomedical field, the journey of NPs
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Published 31 Jan 2025

Modeling and simulation of carbon-nanocomposite-based gas sensors

  • Roopa Hegde,
  • Punya Prabha V,
  • Shipra Upadhyay and
  • Krishna S B

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 90–96, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.9

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  • (reaction engineering, transport of diluted species, laminar flow, and chemistry interface), create the geometry of the sensor within a gas chamber, and select the materials. We then set up the physics with boundary conditions, mesh the geometry using tetrahedral and triangular elements, and define study
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Published 30 Jan 2025

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

  • Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
  • Aishwarya Banakar,
  • Shriram Narayan Puranik,
  • Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
  • C. R. Ravikumar and
  • Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

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  • reduction currents and increased peak oxidation, indicating rapid electron transport at the contacts between the electrolyte and electrode. Pseudo-capacitive behavior was observed in both electrolytes, where ionic conductivity influenced capacitance [17][18]. The addition of dextrose increased the redox
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Published 30 Jan 2025

Precursor sticking coefficient determination from indented deposits fabricated by electron beam induced deposition

  • Alexander Kuprava and
  • Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 35–43, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.4

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  • (continuum model) of the precursor surface on the growing nanostructure in conjunction with a Monte Carlo simulation for electron transport in the growing deposit. An important requirement in this regard is to have access to a methodology that can be used to systematically determine the values for the set of
  • distinct deposit shapes evolve in accordance with the deposition regime (Figure 1) as governed by the balance between the four processes in Equation 1. The first case with a flat-top deposit is typical for the precursor- or mass-transport-limited regime (MTL). In this case, precursor replenishment by
  • transport. The depth of the indent can be controlled by the degree of the beam defocus, although there is a lower limit of the indent depth. With a significantly wide beam, the indent reaches its maximum depth and evolves into a plateau (Figure 2). In such a case, all diffusing precursor molecules are
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Published 13 Jan 2025

Mechanistic insights into endosomal escape by sodium oleate-modified liposomes

  • Ebrahim Sadaqa,
  • Satrialdi,
  • Fransiska Kurniawan and
  • Diky Mudhakir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1667–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.131

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  • order to assess the intracellular transport of various nanoformulations, subcellular colocalization was carried out following the methodology proposed by Torres-Vanegas et al. with adaptations [37]. Specifically, Unmodified-Lipo, SO-Lipo, and AUR-Lipo were utilized, incorporating the fluorescent
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Published 30 Dec 2024

Heterogeneous reactions in a HFCVD reactor: simulation using a 2D model

  • Xochitl Aleyda Morán Martínez,
  • José Alberto Luna López,
  • Zaira Jocelyn Hernández Simón,
  • Gabriel Omar Mendoza Conde,
  • José Álvaro David Hernández de Luz and
  • Godofredo García Salgado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1627–1638, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.128

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  • parameters of the heterogeneous reaction between H° in the gas phase and quartz to describe its behavior as a function of temperature at constant pressure. The thermodynamic data obtained and those taken from the bibliography will be used in the Arrhenius equation to calculate the thermodynamic and transport
  • properties of the system in the gas phase in a dimensionless and temporal model. The thermodynamic and transport properties of the mixture will permit a study in the steady state considering the dimensions of the HFCVD reactor and the deposition parameters through numerically solving the equations of
  • were calculated through data obtained below from Table 2 and using Equation 5: where ΔG is the change in the Gibbs energy and R is the gas constant. The equations in the spatial model The used model assumes conservative species transport by diffusion and convection through a mass balance as described
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Published 17 Dec 2024

Biomimetic nanocarriers: integrating natural functions for advanced therapeutic applications

  • Hugo Felix Perini,
  • Beatriz Sodré Matos,
  • Carlo José Freire de Oliveira and
  • Marcos Vinicius da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1619–1626, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.127

Graphical Abstract
  • such as: loss of stability, low efficiency in crossing biological barriers, inadequate efficacy in reaching target active molecules, and poor biodistribution [13][14]. Nanocarriers are employed to transport raw materials, which can be vesicles or solid nanoparticles [15]. Despite the significant
  • (B), characteristics of cell membranes (C), and biomimetic nanocarriers (D). Created in BioRender. Sodré, B. (2024) https://BioRender.com/n85g617. This content is not subject to CC BY 4.0. Action of biomimetic nanocarriers. Inorganic and organic nanoparticles with transport function (A); target with
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Published 16 Dec 2024

Natural nanofibers embedded in the seed mucilage envelope: composite hydrogels with specific adhesive and frictional properties

  • Agnieszka Kreitschitz and
  • Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1603–1618, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.126

Graphical Abstract
  • distances between islands or continents [28][118]. Plants developed diverse morphological mechanisms for the diaspore transport. One of the ways of promoting long-distance dispersal is the proper interaction between the plant diaspores and animals [118][119][120]. Epizoochory is the way of diaspore
  • transport on animals due to the presence of interlocking structures or sticky viscous substances, which allow for attachment to the animal body [118][119][121]. The mucilage envelope is one of the factors enabling short- and long-distance dispersal of diaspores. Many authors working on mucilaginous seeds
  • for successful dispersal. Animals contribute in the dispersal of plant diaspores, spreading them over short or long distances [120][151][152][153][154]. One of the most effective ways of seed transport by animals is endozoochory. The seeds are ingested, pass through the animal digestive system, and
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Published 13 Dec 2024

Liver-targeting iron oxide nanoparticles and their complexes with plant extracts for biocompatibility

  • Shushanik A. Kazaryan,
  • Seda A. Oganian,
  • Gayane S. Vardanyan,
  • Anatolie S. Sidorenko and
  • Ashkhen A. Hovhannisyan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1593–1602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.125

Graphical Abstract
  • xenobiotics to enhance the expression of transport proteins during prolonged exposure, correlating with studies by Belinskaia and colleagues [60]. The combined effect of Fe3O4 NPs with 70% ethanol extract of T. polium and its component rutin leads to suppression of GPx activity, which may be associated either
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Published 11 Dec 2024

Integrating high-performance computing, machine learning, data management workflows, and infrastructures for multiscale simulations and nanomaterials technologies

  • Fabio Le Piane,
  • Mario Vozza,
  • Matteo Baldoni and
  • Francesco Mercuri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1498–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.119

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Published 27 Nov 2024

Strain-induced bandgap engineering in 2D ψ-graphene materials: a first-principles study

  • Kamal Kumar,
  • Nora H. de Leeuw,
  • Jost Adam and
  • Abhishek Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1440–1452, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.116

Graphical Abstract
  • cannot move from the valence to the conduction band even when strain is applied. This direct bandgap allows the most efficient transport of charge carriers and easy recombination of electrons and holes, indicating its suitability in quantum computing, which requires semiconductors with direct bandgaps. ψ
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Published 20 Nov 2024

Ion-induced surface reactions and deposition from Pt(CO)2Cl2 and Pt(CO)2Br2

  • Mohammed K. Abdel-Rahman,
  • Patrick M. Eckhert,
  • Atul Chaudhary,
  • Johnathon M. Johnson,
  • Jo-Chi Yu,
  • Lisa McElwee-White and
  • D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1427–1439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.115

Graphical Abstract
  • ][53][54]. An ideal precursor candidate would have sufficient volatility and stability for the transport of intact gas phase precursor molecules during the process. The ligands should readily and cleanly be liberated from the precursor upon irradiation to provide a metallic deposit in the path of the
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Published 19 Nov 2024

Lithium niobate on insulator: an emerging nanophotonic crystal for optimized light control

  • Midhun Murali,
  • Amit Banerjee and
  • Tanmoy Basu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1415–1426, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.114

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  • conversion of absorbed light into electricity [43]. The carrier diffusion length within PbS CQD solar cells aligns closely with the thickness of the CQD films. This correlation introduces a tradeoff between light absorption and charge transport. As the thickness of the CQD film increases to enhance light
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Published 14 Nov 2024

Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals

  • Selin Akpinar Adscheid,
  • Akif E. Türeli,
  • Nazende Günday-Türeli and
  • Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1400–1414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.113

Graphical Abstract
  • mucosa is also being investigated because it is innervated by the trigeminal nerve and provides a possible indirect transport of the drugs to the brain via a systemic pathway [48]. The focus of research interest is the olfactory region in the upper part of the nasal cavity lined up with the olfactory
  • , goblet cells, and basal cells [55]. Transport mechanisms for N2B delivery The transport mechanisms for the N2B delivery are yet to be fully understood. It is suggested that olfactory and trigeminal nerves are responsible for direct transport to the brain through the nasal route (Figure 3). For the
  • by Li et al. showed that the trigeminal pathway could be the dominant pathway for the N2B delivery of intact polymeric NPs [57]. Furthermore, because of the highly vascularized nature of the respiratory region of the nose, drug transport can also follow a systemic pathway through this region [58
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Published 12 Nov 2024

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

  • The-Long Phan,
  • Le Viet Cuong,
  • Vu Dinh Lam and
  • Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

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  • Torr. After that, the gas mixture of Ar/O2 ≈ 4:1 at a flow rate of ≈300 sccm was introduced and used as a transport gas, which ensured the growth condition to be at atmospheric pressure. The growth was executed at a temperature range of T = 600–700 °C. After growth for 6–10 h, the CVD system was cooled
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Published 11 Nov 2024

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

  • Vinicius Marques Lopez,
  • Carlo Polidori and
  • Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

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  • ligustica) facilitate nectar-dipping by minimizing drag, enabling the bees to feed more efficiently [75]. The unique morphology and dynamic movement of the bee’s hairy tongue optimizes nectar feeding while conserving energy, providing insights into design methodologies for fluid transport devices using
  • could achieve enhanced compactness and versatility, allowing for easy transport and storage, as well as efficient adaptation to various environments and mission requirements. Microwasps exhibit remarkable adaptations in their wing structure, offering unique insights for biomimetic applications. Many
  • prey and subsequently transport it in flight to the nests, using either mandibles, legs or even the sting to keep the prey. Most predatory wasps use front and mid legs to carry the prey, while a few wasp species hold their prey only with the hind legs [189]. The efficient prey-loading mechanisms of
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Published 05 Nov 2024

Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

  • André F. Lima,
  • Giselle Z. Justo and
  • Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

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  • ) designed to transport therapeutic agents with precise delivery to tumor sites. This approach aims to mitigate toxic effects associated with off-target drug delivery and optimize therapeutic efficacy. For decades, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect has stood as the central mechanism for
  • primarily occurs via transendothelial transport pathways [6][7]. Regardless of the mode of NP extravasation, active targeting strategies have been widely explored to further enhance NP accumulation in tumors and NP internalization by cancer cells [8][9]. Active targeting involves the modification of NPs
  • targeting can also promote usNP transport to the cell interior, potentially leading to more effective drug delivery and chemotherapy. It must be noted that the success of these strategies relies on efficient passive targeting in the first place [83][84]. Nevertheless, cumulative evidence suggests that
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Published 30 Sep 2024

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

  • Ömür Acet,
  • Pavel Kirsanov,
  • Burcu Önal Acet,
  • Inessa Halets-Bui,
  • Dzmitry Shcharbin,
  • Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
  • Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

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  • physiological functions. They can effectively transport therapeutic agents to targeted cells or specific intracellular regions through passive targeting or ligand-based strategies [9][10][11]. The use of certain polymers could potentially enable sustained drug levels for controlled release and extended
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Published 26 Sep 2024

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge2Se2 and its application in photovoltaic devices

  • Anup Shrivastava,
  • Shivani Saini,
  • Dolly Kumari,
  • Sanjai Singh and
  • Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

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  • 2004, the unique properties of two-dimensional materials have sparked intense research interest regarding their use as alternative materials in various photonic applications. Transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers have been proposed as transport layers in photovoltaic cells, but the promising
  • characteristics of group IV–VI dichalcogenides are yet to be thoroughly investigated. This manuscript reports on monolayer Ge2Se2 (a group IV–VI dichalcogenide), its optoelectronic behavior, and its potential application in photovoltaics. When employed as a hole transport layer, the material fosters an
  • theory; hole transport layer; optical properties; solar cells; Introduction Reducing fossil fuels and their harmful environmental impact requires improvements in green, sustainable energy sources. Among the various sources of green energy generation, solar energy has been identified as the most
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Published 11 Sep 2024

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO2/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

  • Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
  • Luan Minh Nguyen,
  • Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
  • Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
  • Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

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  • reactor. Plausible charge transport mechanism Figure 8 shows a schematic mechanism of the photocatalytic activity of the p–n TiO2/SiNWs hierarchical structures. According to previous studies the energy bandgaps of p-Si and n-type TiO2 were assumed to be 1.1 eV and 3.3 eV, respectively [54][55][56
  • p-Si NW Conclusion A p–n junction TiO2/SiNWs photocatalyst was synthesized via ALD and utilized for light-driven OCM. TiO2/SiNWs revealed excellent performance owing to the smooth transport of photogenerated electrons in the p–n junction, which lowers the e–h recombination rate. The nanowire array
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Published 02 Sep 2024

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

  • Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
  • Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
  • Ra’no Nuritdinova,
  • Salah M. Tawfik and
  • Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

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  • -volume ratio, allowing for efficient absorption and transport of drugs. Furthermore, alginate-based nanoparticles are biocompatible and biodegradable, minimizing the risk of long-term side effects. Boronated chitosan/alginate nanoparticles (BCHI/ALG NPs) were developed and evaluated as a targeted
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Published 22 Aug 2024
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