Nanostructured lipid carriers containing benznidazole: physicochemical, biopharmaceutical and cellular in vitro studies

• Giuliana Muraca,
• María Esperanza Ruiz,
• Rocío C. Gambaro,
• Sebastián Scioli-Montoto,
• María Laura Sbaraglini,
• Gisel Padula,
• José Sebastián Cisneros,
• Cecilia Yamil Chain,
• Vera A. Álvarez,
• Cristián Huck-Iriart,
• Guillermo R. Castro,
• María Belén Piñero,
• Matias Ildebrando Marchetto,
• Catalina Alba Soto,
• Germán A. Islan and
• Alan Talevi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 804–818, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.66

• , and 50 μg·mL−1) were added to each well and incubated for 3, 24, and 48 h at 37 °C. Samples were then centrifuged for 5 minutes at 2500 rpm, and the absorbance of the supernatant was determined at 540 nm in a microplate reader (MultiskanTM GO spectrophotometer, Thermo Fisher Scientific). Triton X 100

• (10%), saline solution, NLC-VEHICLE, and BNZ were used as the positive, negative, vehicle, and reference drug controls, respectively. The hemolytic activity was calculated as [56]: where A540 nmsample represents the absorbance value of the sample, A540 nmTriton the absorbance value of the positive

• control, and A540 nmsaline the absorbance value of the negative control. The blood was obtained from the “Institute of Hemotherapy” in La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina as part of a formal agreement between the “Instituto de Genética Veterinaria (IGEVET, UNLP-CONICET La Plata)” and this institution. Also

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• excellent analytical performance of the PS@Ag SERS substrate, making it a promising tool for detecting environmental pollutants and ensuring food safety. Photograph of the as-fabricated droplet-based microfluidic device. Images and absorbance spectra of Ag NPs synthesized using silver nitrate and sodium

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• colloidal solution was significantly influenced by the reaction time. The SPR band of AgNPs was not clearly observed within the initial 60 min, indicating a slow formation of the nanocomposite. However, after this period, AgNPs were rapidly produced, leading to a substantial increase in the absorbance

• in the absorbance value in the UV–vis spectra. Minor changes in λmax values were noted from the absorption data, indicating a slight influence of the silver-ion-to-nanocomposite ratio on the physicochemical properties of the synthesized AgNPs. Considering these findings, two ratios of silver ions to

• effectiveness of the reactions is confirmed by discoloration of the pollutant solution and a reduction in absorbance values in the UV–vis spectra. In a separate study [45], it was shown that the dyes degraded weakly in the absence of a catalyst. As seen in Figure 7 and Figure 8, the reduction of MO and RhB is

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• used to record the UV–visible absorbance spectrum. The luminescence characteristics of the GQDs were investigated using a Perkin Elmer LS 55 fluorescence spectrometer. On a Perkin Elmer FT-IR Spectrum 2, FTIR spectra were measured in the range of 500–4000 cm−1 by making KBr pellets of the sample. At

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• excitation spectrum and the absorbance band of tetracycline around 357 nm partially overlapped. Moreover, the addition of tetracycline barely affects the fluorescence lifetime of the fluorophore (Figure 8c), which changes from 7.42 to 6.90 ns. These findings confirmed that the steady quenching process based

• practically limited, suppressing the lanthanoid’s sharp luminescence and leading to poor quantum yields and weak absorbance. Strong vibronic coupling between the desired lanthanoid and a highly absorbing ligand is a popular method of resolving this issue since it allows for direct energy transfer from the

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• transmission electron microscopy. Also, specific surface area and photoluminescence with optical absorbance were evaluated. By varying the synthesis parameters (especially the working pressure), different TiO2 nanopowders were obtained, whose photodegradation properties were tested compared to a commercial

• recombination between free electrons and holes. The optical properties of the TiO2 powders has been investigated by absorbance measurements. Figure 5 presents an example of these measurements of both sample series. In the case of the TiO2 material, it is known that it can have two types of transitions, namely

• direct and indirect transitions, which are related to the crystal structure. To distinguish these two types of transition, it is common to use the Tauc plot [55][56][57][58], where the absorbance coefficient is multiplied with the photon energy and plotted as an exponential function of the photon energy

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• cells to the surrounding medium can be studied by the presence of an increasing number of cells freely growing in it. The measurement of the absorbance of the culture medium is used to track the number of free cells that are reproducing outside the encapsulation system. For the physical-structural

• the extent of the observed behaviour. Likewise, the symbol “−” indicates the absence of gas release or increase in the absorbance of the growth medium when compared to the previous day. Consequently, a “−“ in “cell leakage” indicates that the absorbance of the growth medium did not change with respect

• to the previous day, that is, there was no cell proliferation, and the escape of cells from the matrix was negligible. In the case of neat yolk–shell encapsulated cells, the cell leakage has been evaluated mixing the particles in the tube and observing an increase in the absorbance of the supernatant

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• together with recycled boehmite. The absorbance spectra indicate the presence of 3+ ions in the samples, which are responsible for the colors. The spectra also confirm the type of structure found via XRD and the oxidation state determined from XPS. SEM images show the characteristic morphology of this type

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• spectrum (Figure 7b). The average absorbance (weighted by the AM1.5G solar spectrum) of the p-PEGDA hydrogel from 200–2500 nm was about 75.5%, whereas that of solid PEGDA is only 32.6%. The higher absorption capacity of p-PEGDA is due to its rough and porous surface structure, which promotes multiple

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• absorbance due to changes morphology stem predominantly from changes to the directionality of the LSPR (due to changing curvature and dimensionality of the nanoparticle) and changes to the dynamics between the restoring and exciting forces of the plasmons, such as the mean free path, the relative

• curvature [35]. Finally, changes to the material composition, such as through doping or vacancy processing, can affect the LSPR because of changes in the free electron density, the electron effective mass, and the electronic band structure in general [36][37]. An understanding of the changes in absorbance

• extinction spectra of nanostructures. Illustrative examples of the absorbance spectra for different morphologies of Ag nanoparticles are shown in Figure 2, elucidating the influence of the same. The extinction spectra (the summation of absorption and scattering spectra) from which the shape effects of

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• of the mixtures were measured between 200 and 800 nm wavelengths using a UV–vis double-beam spectrophotometer (Hitachi U-2900). The same method was also applied to the sample of Ch/Q-Ag NPs. Unlike the standards, the Ch/Q-Ag sample was centrifuged, and the absorbance of the supernatant was recorded

• incubated at ambient temperature for 1 h. Afterward, the absorbances of these mixtures were measured between 200 and 800 nm using a UV–vis double-beam spectrophotometer (Hitachi U-2900). The same method was also applied to the sample of Ch/CA-Ag NPs. The absorbance of the blue color solution of the Ch/CA-Ag

• acid hydrate, Cell Proliferation Kit II test (Roche). XTT solution was added to each plate at 50 µL and was incubated for 4 h at 37 °C. Then, the absorbance (optical density, OD) of the solution in each plate was read at 450 nm by a spectrophotometer (BiotekELx800, Winooski, VT, USA). Statistical

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• observed around 457 nm (Figure 5e). The position and the width of the absorbance peaks in the UV–vis spectroscopy are determined by the Bragg diffraction of the light in photonic crystal structures and depend on the particle size, extent of the periodicity (i.e., quality of the assembly), and the angle of

• the incident light. The position of the absorbance peak can be calculated using Bragg’s law (Equation 1): where λ is the wavelength of the peak absorbance, d is the diameter of the particles, f is the packing factor (0.74 for hcp structures), n is the refractive index (1.46 for SiO2 [38] and 1 for air

• ), and θ is the angle of the incident light. Using this formula and the average particle sizes obtained from the particle size analysis, the absorbance peak was calculated to be 593 nm for the NH3-only reaction and 453 nm for the NH3 + 1 mM SiBP reaction. The slight difference between the calculated and

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• under irradiation is described as: Equation 7 and Equation 8 can be used to determine the amount of heat absorption, the photothermal conversion efficiency, or the temperature rise of the GNP suspension during photothermal interaction. Results and Discussion Spectral absorbance of GNPs The concentration

• -dependent spectral absorbance of GNSs of 40 nm diameter and GNRs with sizes of 25 × 47 nm, 10 × 38 nm, and 10 × 41 nm measured by using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (UV-3200, Labindia Instruments Pvt. Ltd.) is shown in Figure 4. The measured peak absorbance wavelength of the GNPs is in agreement with the

• × 41 nm GNRs show a temperature increase for a longer period of time than GNSs and 25 × 47 nm GNRs. The photothermal stability of the GNPs was examined by measuring the spectral absorbance of GNPs before and after irradiation as shown in Figure S3 (Supporting Information File 1). It is seen that there

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• assay by measuring the absorbance at 540 nm on Tecan Infinite 200 Pro multiplate reader (Tecan Group, Männedorf, Switzerland). The cytotoxicity results were presented as a percentage of the control (untreated cells), which was arbitrary set to 100%. Fluorescence microscopy Hela cells were grown in low

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• formation and coalescence during UV exposure. When comparing the absorbance spectra for both coatings after 15 s irradiation, the full-widths at half maximum (FMWH) are calculated to be 134 and 131 nm, for Ag@PEG600DA and Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA, respectively (Figure 2c). Consequently, the nanoparticle size

• (Figure 4a) and Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA (Figure 4b) coatings, respectively. The AgNP size dispersion is also slightly higher in the case of Ag@PEG600DA. Both results are coherent with the peak and FMWH values calculated from the absorbance spectra (Figure 2c). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) cross

• of antimicrobial substances, was then calculated for each material and control sample using Equation 1 and Equation 2. Significance of differences was assessed by the Student’s t-test. where and are the absorbance values of the suspensions collected from the control material and the tested sample

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• SWCNT. The dextran–riboflavin binding energy was calculated as Ebind = Etotal − (Edextran + Eriboflavin). Absorbance spectra of CoMoCat SWCNT dispersions in riboflavin (red) and SDS (black). PL maps of CoMoCat SWCNTs in riboflavin dispersion (a) before and (b) after single-step extraction. (a) Optical

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• C18 H, with precolumn). The analysis conditions were as follows: mobile phase: 70% acetonitrile and 30% water; flow rate: 1.0 cm3·min−1; injection volume: 20 × 10−3 cm3; absorbance detection: 270 and 310 nm for PhOH and DBMP, respectively. External standards of seven concentration levels ranging from

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• incubated at room temperature until the formazan crystals were dissolved. Finally, the absorbance at 570 nm was measured. Photographs of Ag/AgCl nanoparticle biosynthesis from pineapple peel extracts. The photographs were taken at specified times and temperatures. Diffraction patterns of the reaction

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• dissolved in isopropanol (StanChem, Poland). The absorbance was measured at 570 nm with a spectrophotometer (Synergy H1, BioTek). Results and Discussions XRD analysis XRD analysis showed that, for all composites, HA decomposes partially or fully into tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2, TCP) during sintering. A

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• was isolated using a DNA extraction kit (Favorgen Biotech Corp, Taiwan) following manufacturer instructions. A UV–vis spectrophotometer (NanoPhotometer Pearl, Implen GmbH, Germany) was used to assess the extracted DNA content and purity at an absorbance of 260 nm and at an absorbance ratio of A260

Facile preparation of Au- and BODIPY-grafted lipid nanoparticles for synergized photothermal therapy

• Yuran Wang,
• Xudong Li,
• Haijun Chen and
• Yu Gao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1432–1444, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.118

• –visible (UV–vis) absorption spectra were measured with an UV–vis spectrometer (Q-5000, Quawell, America). The amounts of BDP in AB-LNPs were analyzed using UV–vis spectroscopy after the dissolution of AB-LNPs in DMSO by measuring the absorbance at a wavelength of 600 nm. The loading efficiency (LE, %) was

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• the absorbance of the CS-coated formulations was found to significantly increase compared to other formulations, which proves strong interaction between cationic CS and negatively charged mucin. This difference was statistically significant in CS-coated formulations (p < 0.05). Penetration of DCX-PLGA

• (LOQ) were determined for validation of the spectrophotometric method used for DCX quantification. Absorbance values for the amount of DCX were converted to concentration according to the standard calibration curve (r2 = 0.994). LOD and LOQ values were calculated as 0.0173 mg/mL and 0.0634 mg/mL

• nanoparticles, the interaction of mucin and DCX-loaded nanoparticle formulations was evaluated spectrophotometrically by turbidity measurements at 650 nm [10][14][79]. The basis of the experiment is to compare the absorbance of the mucin solution at 650 nm as a reference and the absorbance of the mixture of

LED-light-activated photocatalytic performance of metal-free carbon-modified hexagonal boron nitride towards degradation of methylene blue and phenol

• Nirmalendu S. Mishra and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.114

• gas chromatograph coupled with a mass spectrometer (GC–MS, Thermo Fisher Scientific) by taking aliquots at 150 min and 330 min. The photocatalytic degradation and mineralization efficiencies were calculated by utilizing the following equations [19]: where Abs(0) symbolizes the initial absorbance, Abs

• (t) represents the absorbance of the samples at varied time intervals, TOC(0) represents the initial TOC, and TOC(t) denotes TOC at varied time intervals. Apparent quantum efficiency The photon harvesting ability of the as-synthesized MBN was evaluated by the apparent quantum efficiency (AQE

• with a zeta potential of −20 mV at a neutral pH. This implies that the surface of MBN-80 is negatively charged above pH 5.08 which results in better adsorptive ability towards positively charged pollutant moieties and vice-versa. Optical studies The UV–vis light harvesting characteristics (absorbance

Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• nanoGSP; iii) a hyperchromic effect of the Pent band in nanoGSP, although it appears partially overlapped with the ascorbate band at 243 nm. The changes in the UV–vis spectra suggested the interactions of Pent with nanoGS components, and the increase of Pent absorbance in water clearly indicated the

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• ]. The elemental Se spectrum (Figure 3f) shows the peaks of Se 3d5/2 (55.65 eV) indicating the existence of Se2− ions [27][29] .This result confirms that the synthesized QDs contain Zn2+, Ag+, Ga3+, S2− and Se2− ions forming I-II-III-VI3-type AgZnGaS1.5Se1.5 QDs. Optical studies The UV–vis absorbance

• –vis–NIR absorption spectrum; (b) Tauc Plot; (c) PL emission; (d) PL decay spectrum of AZGSSe QDs. (a) HRTEM image and (b) EDX spectrum of AZGSSe QDs/TiO2 NFs. (a) UV–vis absorbance spectra; (b) PL decay spectra; (c) PL emission spectra of the AZGSSe/TiO2 NF-based photoanode. Nyquist plot of the