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Search for "dark-field" in Full Text gives 123 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.

A novel copper precursor for electron beam induced deposition

  • Caspar Haverkamp,
  • George Sarau,
  • Mikhail N. Polyakov,
  • Ivo Utke,
  • Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
  • Silke Christiansen and
  • Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.113

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  • of 8 × 8 nanocones with a distance of 400 nm and a base diameter of 80 nm (Figure 5a). It was fabricated using 50 pA beam current and a dwell time of 8 seconds for each cone. The scattering intensity was measured by dark-field reflection spectroscopy and compared to FDTD simulations. Figure 5b shows
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Published 18 Apr 2018

Effect of annealing treatments on CeO2 grown on TiN and Si substrates by atomic layer deposition

  • Silvia Vangelista,
  • Rossella Piagge,
  • Satu Ek and
  • Alessio Lamperti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 890–899, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.83

Graphical Abstract
  • [25]. Focused ion beam has been used to prepare lamellae of selected samples for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis (cross and plan view, Fei Tecnai G2) in bright or dark field at a voltage of 200 kV. Plan view images are treated with free software to obtain the crystallite size
  • orientation of the as-deposited CeO2/Si sample is enhanced after high temperature annealing: In the film there is an increased number of grains with (200) orientation in addition to those with (111) orientation. The plan-view TEM image in dark field of the CeO2/Si sample (Figure 8) is very impressive in
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Published 15 Mar 2018

Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

  • Fuat Topuz and
  • Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

Graphical Abstract
  • particles, which were dispersed in water, and a tiny droplet was dried on a TEM grid. The particles were imaged at 300 kV. STEM images were captured using a high-angle annular dark field (HAADF) detector. The chemical compositions of nanoparticles were explored by solid-state 13C NMR using an Inova 500 MHz
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Published 22 Feb 2018

Facile phase transfer of gold nanorods and nanospheres stabilized with block copolymers

  • Yaroslav I. Derikov,
  • Georgiy A. Shandryuk,
  • Raisa V. Talroze,
  • Alexander A. Ezhov and
  • Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 616–627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.58

Graphical Abstract
  • patterns and dark field images were used to confirm the crystallinity of Au nanoparticles. The length and diameter distributions of the nanorods and nanospheres were measured by ImageJ 1.50b open source software (Wayne Rasband, NIH, USA). SEM images were obtained on a scanning electron microscope JSM 7401F
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Published 16 Feb 2018

Towards 3D crystal orientation reconstruction using automated crystal orientation mapping transmission electron microscopy (ACOM-TEM)

  • Aaron Kobler and
  • Christian Kübel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 602–607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.56

Graphical Abstract
  • reported only a few times [18][19]. 2D crystal orientation can be mapped using three methods inside the TEM: Kikuchi diffraction, diffraction pattern reconstruction from conical dark field images and spot Bragg diffraction [22][23]. Kikuchi diffraction was the first to be used in the TEM [22][23]. However
  • resolution and quality of crystal orientation data for the TEM. Conical dark field imaging (CDFI) was used in the 3D-orientation mapping in transmission electron microscope (3D-OMiTEM) method to first reconstruct the diffraction pattern and then the 3D crystal structure [19]. Spot Bragg diffraction, in
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Published 15 Feb 2018

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

  • Konstantin L. Firestein,
  • Denis V. Leybo,
  • Alexander E. Steinman,
  • Andrey M. Kovalskii,
  • Andrei T. Matveev,
  • Anton M. Manakhov,
  • Irina V. Sukhorukova,
  • Pavel V. Slukin,
  • Nadezda K. Fursova,
  • Sergey G. Ignatov,
  • Dmitri V. Golberg and
  • Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

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  • vapours, and (ii) ultraviolet (UV) decomposition of AgNO3 in a suspension of BN NPs. The hybrid microstructures were studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), high-angular dark field scanning TEM imaging paired with energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) mapping, X-ray photoelectron
  • means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), high-angular dark field scanning TEM (HADF-STEM) imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping using a JEM-2100 microscope (JEOL) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (Oxford Instruments) and a STEM
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Published 23 Jan 2018

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

  • Luisa Berger,
  • Katarzyna Madajska,
  • Iwona B. Szymanska,
  • Katja Höflich,
  • Mikhail N. Polyakov,
  • Jakub Jurczyk,
  • Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
  • Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

Graphical Abstract
  • particles. Additionally, selective area electron diffraction (SAED) on this area clearly shows a diffraction pattern, confirming a crystalline deposit (Figure 3d) with diffraction rings matching the pattern of fcc silver as illustrated by the green rings. In the dark field (DF) STEM images in Figure 4 the
  • structure of the deposited crystallites can be affirmed. Dark field scanning transmission electron micrographs of the line deposit. (a) Overview image of the line. By depositing onto a thin carbon membrane, no BSEs are generated, preventing halo formation outside the PE area (lw = line width). (b) Higher
  • visible. (c) Raman spectrum of the line deposit. The sp3 and sp2 bands are indicated. Transmission electron micrographs of the carbon membrane after deposition. (a) Typical dark field STEM image of the substrate after deposition, 700 µm away from the deposit. Small crystallites are homogeneously scattered
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Published 19 Jan 2018

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

  • Stefanie Krüger,
  • Michael Schwarze,
  • Otto Baumann,
  • Christina Günter,
  • Michael Bruns,
  • Christian Kübel,
  • Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
  • Rafael Meinusch,
  • Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
  • Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

Graphical Abstract
  • with optical microscopy. Moreover, the diameter of the AuNPs in the TS_Au5.0 materials is mainly between 7–13 nm, but smaller Au particles are also present. Furthermore, bright field TEM images of TS_Au5.0 show a homogeneous AuNP distribution on the TNP. Dark field STEM images of the HM show a better
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Published 17 Jan 2018

Study of the vertically aligned in-plane switching liquid crystal mode in microscale periodic electric fields

  • Artur R. Geivandov,
  • Mikhail I. Barnik,
  • Irina V. Kasyanova and
  • Serguei P. Palto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 11–19, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.2

Graphical Abstract
  • switching process. The contrast ratio of the VA-IPS mode is limited by the contrast ratio of the polarizers and exceeds 500:1. The reasons for this high contrast ratio are the zero LC tilt angle with respect to the layer normal and the deep dark field-off state. One of the LC cell parameters important for
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Published 02 Jan 2018

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

  • Domagoj Belić,
  • Mostafa M. Shawrav,
  • Emmerich Bertagnolli and
  • Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

Graphical Abstract
  • ). Once the deposition rate was optimized and the samples were produced, high-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) revealed that the crystallites in the planar deposits were considerably larger than those in NPs (compare Figure 1f to Figure 1c). Although both
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Published 29 Nov 2017

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

  • Dimitri Vanhecke,
  • Dagmar A. Kuhn,
  • Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
  • Sandor Balog,
  • Ana Milosevic,
  • Dominic Urban,
  • Diana Peckys,
  • Niels de Jonge,
  • Wolfgang J. Parak,
  • Alke Petri-Fink and
  • Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

Graphical Abstract
  • macrophages 5 min after NP exposure. Both species of NPs appear much brighter than the cellular material in the dark-field transmitted signal. Top: AuNPs in single exposure in (a) overview and at (b) high resolution. Middle: FeOXNPs in single exposure in (c) overview and at (d) high resolution. Bottom: Co
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Published 14 Nov 2017

A biofunctionalizable ink platform composed of catechol-modified chitosan and reduced graphene oxide/platinum nanocomposite

  • Peter Sobolewski,
  • Agata Goszczyńska,
  • Małgorzata Aleksandrzak,
  • Karolina Urbaś,
  • Joanna Derkowska,
  • Agnieszka Bartoszewska,
  • Jacek Podolski,
  • Ewa Mijowska and
  • Mirosława El Fray

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1508–1514, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.151

Graphical Abstract
  • naked eye or under bright-field microscopy. As a result, in order to examine the printed structures and check for possible “coffee ring” formation, we utilized dark-field microscopy. We observed homogenous stripes, consistent with the design and tip dimensions. Figure 2 shows a representative dark-field
  • work of Torrisi et al. with NMP [12], in order to avoid “coffee ring” formation, EG, which has a similar boiling point as NMP, was removed by thermal annealing in an oven at 170 °C for 5 min. Printed patterns were imaged using dark field microscopy (Nikon MM-40). Biofunctionalization of printed
  • dispersion, B) sediment rGO–Pt. The scale bars represent 50 nm. C) Histogram of Pt particles observed in panel A (blue) and panel B (green) (bin width = 2). A) Representative dark-field image of pattern printed using rGO–Pt ink. B) Enlarged detail of the “elbow” portion of a printed pattern, showing some
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Published 24 Jul 2017

Atomic structure of Mg-based metallic glass investigated with neutron diffraction, reverse Monte Carlo modeling and electron microscopy

  • Rafał Babilas,
  • Dariusz Łukowiec and
  • Laszlo Temleitner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1174–1182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.119

Graphical Abstract
  • electron diffraction (SAED) pattern and details of the selected areas 1, 2, 3 (c,d,e) of a Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass after annealing at 473 K for 1 h. TEM images in (a) bright field and (b) dark field mode of a Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 metallic glass sample after annealing at 473 K for 1 h. (a) HAADF-STEM image
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Published 31 May 2017

AgCl-doped CdSe quantum dots with near-IR photoluminescence

  • Pavel A. Kotin,
  • Sergey S. Bubenov,
  • Natalia E. Mordvinova and
  • Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1156–1166, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.117

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  • investigate the location of Ag and Cl in NPs, element distribution maps with the use of energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy were obtained (Figure 5). Figure 5a shows a high angle annular dark field (HAADF) image of sample AgCl_32, which was obtained with the use of scanning transmission electron
  • and 300 kV, respectively. The latter has 0.17 nm point resolution and is equipped with an EDAX EDX detector. High-angle annular dark field (HAADF) STEM studies and EDX mapping were performed using an JEM ARM200F cold FEG double aberration-corrected electron microscope operated at 80 kV and equipped
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Published 29 May 2017

Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO2 nanorods

  • Romana Cerc Korošec,
  • Polona Umek,
  • Alexandre Gloter,
  • Jana Padežnik Gomilšek and
  • Peter Bukovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1032–1042, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.104

Graphical Abstract
  • ). The sulfur detected in the samples is originating from the sulfuric acid that was a part of the reaction mixture [26]. The chemical composition of an individual nanorod (Co-90) was determined using electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in combination with high-angle annular dark field scanning
  • the material under X-ray irradiation. The IFEFFIT program package [33] was used for the XANES (X-ray absorption near edge structure) and EXAFS (extended X-ray absorption fine structure) analysis. High-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) images were acquired
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Published 10 May 2017

3D Nanoprinting via laser-assisted electron beam induced deposition: growth kinetics, enhanced purity, and electrical resistivity

  • Brett B. Lewis,
  • Robert Winkler,
  • Xiahan Sang,
  • Pushpa R. Pudasaini,
  • Michael G. Stanford,
  • Harald Plank,
  • Raymond R. Unocic,
  • Jason D. Fowlkes and
  • Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 801–812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.83

Graphical Abstract
  • spectroscopy (EELS) were performed using a Nion UltraSTEM 100 which is equipped with aberration correction of the probe forming lens. Beam-induced damage and contamination were minimized by using an accelerating voltage of 60 kV and a 40 pA beam current. High angle annular dark field (HAADF) and bright field
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Published 07 Apr 2017

Ion beam profiling from the interaction with a freestanding 2D layer

  • Ivan Shorubalko,
  • Kyoungjun Choi,
  • Michael Stiefel and
  • Hyung Gyu Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 682–687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.73

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  • : squares for 1.5 pA and circles for 18 pA beam current. STEM dark field (DF) images of a pore array created with 18 pA beam current are shown in the inset of Figure 1d. The pore diameter vs ion exposure dose curves have very distinct shape Figure 1d. Pore diameters steeply increase for the low exposure
  • Pa helium pressure in the gun chamber, and a “spot” parameter between 1.8 and 2.5. SEM in the DualBeam device was used in STEM bright-field and dark-field mode (BF and DF) at 30 kV and 50 pA probe current for perforated graphene imaging. HIM at 30 kV, 0.5 pA beam current, 1 μs dwell time and 8–32
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Published 23 Mar 2017

Self-assembly of silicon nanowires studied by advanced transmission electron microscopy

  • Marta Agati,
  • Guillaume Amiard,
  • Vincent Le Borgne,
  • Paola Castrucci,
  • Richard Dolbec,
  • Maurizio De Crescenzi,
  • My Alì El Khakani and
  • Simona Boninelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 440–445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.47

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  • bright field (BF) and dark field (DF) imaging are dominated by diffraction contrast. Thus in crystalline samples, the contrast changes abruptly as long as the beam axis intercepts the different crystalline zone axes. More recently, this issue has been overcome whereas the improvement of high angular
  • annular dark field (HAADF) in STEM associated with ET has been confirmed as the most appropriate mode to image crystals, since it meets the projection requirement, associating the contrast to the atomic number [6]. By combining the HAADF and ET techniques along with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX
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Published 15 Feb 2017

Role of oxygen in wetting of copper nanoparticles on silicon surfaces at elevated temperature

  • Tapas Ghosh and
  • Biswarup Satpati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 425–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.45

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  • the high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM-HAADF). After the TEM analysis, the same samples were transferred to a rapid thermal annealing unit (model: JETFIRST100 jipelec) and annealing was performed in air, oxygen and nitrogen atmospheres, one by one. The rapid
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Published 13 Feb 2017

Influence of hydrofluoric acid treatment on electroless deposition of Au clusters

  • Rachela G. Milazzo,
  • Antonio M. Mio,
  • Giuseppe D’Arrigo,
  • Emanuele Smecca,
  • Alessandra Alberti,
  • Gabriele Fisichella,
  • Filippo Giannazzo,
  • Corrado Spinella and
  • Emanuele Rimini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 183–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.19

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  • plating solution. The morphology of gold was examined with plan view TEM and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) in high-angle annular dark-field imaging (HAADF) Z-contrast (atomic number) imaging mode, while the crystalline structure was analyzed in detail with X-ray diffraction. Figure 4a
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Published 18 Jan 2017

Ferromagnetic behaviour of ZnO: the role of grain boundaries

  • Boris B. Straumal,
  • Svetlana G. Protasova,
  • Andrei A. Mazilkin,
  • Eberhard Goering,
  • Gisela Schütz,
  • Petr B. Straumal and
  • Brigitte Baretzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1936–1947, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.185

Graphical Abstract
  • [6][7][8][9], copyright Institute of Problems of Mechanical Engineering, Russian Academy of Sciences (PME RAS, "Advanced Study Center" Co. Ltd), American Physical Society and Taylor & Francis. Dark-field TEM micrograph of a thin zinc oxide nanocrystalline film obtained using the liquid-ceramics
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Published 07 Dec 2016

Thickness-modulated tungsten–carbon superconducting nanostructures grown by focused ion beam induced deposition for vortex pinning up to high magnetic fields

  • Ismael García Serrano,
  • Javier Sesé,
  • Isabel Guillamón,
  • Hermann Suderow,
  • Sebastián Vieira,
  • Manuel Ricardo Ibarra and
  • José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1698–1708, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.162

Graphical Abstract
  • scanned inside the nanostructure and parallel to the sample surface, as shown in Figure 3. The total collected high-angle annular-dark-field (HAADF) intensity, which is higher when heavier elements are present, is periodic, indicating a periodic slight variation of the composition. This is expected due to
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Published 14 Nov 2016

Influence of hydrothermal synthesis parameters on the properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

  • Sylwia Kuśnieruk,
  • Jacek Wojnarowicz,
  • Agnieszka Chodara,
  • Tadeusz Chudoba,
  • Stanislaw Gierlotka and
  • Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1586–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.153

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  • results of specific surface area and TEM measurements using the dark-field technique. The obtained nanoparticles with average particle diameter ranging from 8–39 nm were characterized by having homogeneous morphology with a needle shape and a narrow particle size distribution. Strong similarities were
  • determining the shape of the particles. All the other methods of the Nanopowder XRD Processor Demo web application, converting the SSA results and TEM measurements using the dark field technique, provided the dimension (diameter) of particles/crystallites using the equations derived for spherical particles
  • Type 3; d) HAp Type 4; e) HAp Type 5; f) HAp Type 6. SEM micrographs of HAp powders: (a, b) Type 1; (c, d) Type 2; (e, f) Type 3; (g, h) Type 4; (i, j) Type 5; (k, l) Type 6. The bright field TEM image of Type 1 HAp. a) A dark field TEM image of Type 2 HAp; b) a histogram of the particle size
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Published 04 Nov 2016

Deformation-driven catalysis of nanocrystallization in amorphous Al alloys

  • Rainer J. Hebert,
  • John H. Perepezko,
  • Harald Rösner and
  • Gerhard Wilde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1428–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.134

Graphical Abstract
  • ) amounts to about 2 J/g. The dark-field (DF) TEM analysis of both samples, the cold-rolled sample and the cold-rolled sample after annealing in the microcalorimeter, shows clear evidence of nanocrystals in shear bands of both samples (Figure 2). The TEM images shown in this work were obtained from samples
  • microscopy. The comparison between the different XRD curves depicted in Figure 5 shows an increase in the intensity of the Al peaks after annealing of the cold-rolled sample. An as-spun sample, on the other hand, remained X-ray amorphous after annealing for 10 min at 225 °C. The dark-field TEM image in
  • Figure 6 shows that nanocrystals have developed homogeneously throughout the deformed sample rather than in localized regions. Shear bands are not detected in the dark-field TEM images after the annealing. With shear band distances of the order of micrometers [41] and good contrast between shear bands
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Published 11 Oct 2016

On the pathway of cellular uptake: new insight into the interaction between the cell membrane and very small nanoparticles

  • Claudia Messerschmidt,
  • Daniel Hofmann,
  • Anja Kroeger,
  • Katharina Landfester,
  • Volker Mailänder and
  • Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1296–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.121

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  • tridiem image filter (Gatan Inc., USA) and an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDX) detector (EDAX Inc., USA) for analytical element measurements. Conventional bright field images were acquired using a Gatan US1000 slow scan CCD camera (Gatan Inc., USA). Inelastic dark field imaging for NP
  • identification Since the contrast of the silica particles in bright field imaging was too low for unambiguous identification, we applied inelastic dark field imaging techniques for the visualization of silica nanoparticles. Inelastic dark field imaging was conducted using the image filter/electron energy loss
  • , the inelastic dark field images (shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S8) reflect in principle a local superposition of the electron density and the plasmon interaction cross section of the specimen. As a result, the silica nanoparticles will appear brighter compared to the surrounding
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Published 16 Sep 2016
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