The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• Pro, and are shown in Figure 2. In the case of nGO, a broad absorption band in the range of 3700–3000 cm−1 indicates the presence of free and intermolecular bonded hydroxy groups. The allene symmetry of nGO is recognized by an absorption band at 2000 cm−1. Another absorption band at 1650 cm−1 appears

• hydroxy groups, a bending of the aromatic structure, and a reduction in the allene symmetry of nGO. The presence of the methylene groups (=CH2), carboxyl groups (–COOH), and phenol groups (–OH) in PEG-nGO is shown through the absorption peaks at 1465 cm−1, 1410 cm−1, and 1300 cm−1, respectively. The

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• are generated on the TiO2 surfaces under UV illumination. The holes lead to the production of oxygen vacancies to enhance the adsorption of hydroxy groups, while the hydroxy groups are replaced by oxygen atoms that have a stronger bond on the defect sites during heating process. However, the change in

Ternary nanocomposites of reduced graphene oxide, polyaniline and hexaniobate: hierarchical architecture and high polaron formation

• Claudio H. B. Silva,
• Maria Iliut,
• Christopher Muryn,
• Christian Berger,
• Zachary Coldrick,
• Vera R. L. Constantino,
• Marcia L. A. Temperini and
• Aravind Vijayaraghavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2936–2946, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.272

• increase of the contribution from sp2 carbons (C=C) and hydroxy groups (C–OH) upon reduction, and the decrease of sp3 carbons (C–C + C–H) and epoxy groups (C–O–C). These results are in good agreement with the literature and indicate the recovery of the sp2 carbon atoms from the sp3 carbon atoms and epoxy

• groups, and the conversion of some epoxy to hydroxy groups [28][45][46][48]. In contrast, rGO-80 presents a dramatic change in the C 1s spectral profile, evidenced by an intense peak at ca. 284 eV and a weak shoulder at 285–290 eV. The comparison of the curve fitting for this sample and rGO-25 shows a

Graphene-enhanced metal oxide gas sensors at room temperature: a review

• Dongjin Sun,
• Yifan Luo,
• Marc Debliquy and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2832–2844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.264

• for semiconductor gas sensors [6]. Graphene oxide (GO), as a derivative of graphene, is prepared via the oxidation of graphene. Epoxy groups, hydroxy groups and defects are produced at the surface when oxidizing graphene [7][8][9][10]. These variations will alter the electronic structure of graphene

• , thus converting it to a semiconductor. Choi et al. [11] prepared GO room-temperature gas sensors by a modified Hummers method. The group found that the sensitivity and repeatability of the sensor depended on the amount of oxygen functional groups on the surface of GO. Moreover, hydroxy groups were the

Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotubes

• Jesús A. Díaz-Real,
• Geyla C. Dubed-Bandomo,
• Juan Galindo-de-la-Rosa,
• Luis G. Arriaga,
• Janet Ledesma-García and
• Nicolas Alonso-Vante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2628–2643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.244

• supports the idea of a fluorination. The proposed reaction process is ≡Ti–OH + F− → ≡Ti–F + OH− occurring through an inner-sphere ligand substitution reaction with hydroxy groups [30]. The F 1s spectra show an asymmetrical shape, arising from different interactions of the F atoms, with a major peak at a

• mirrored also in the O 1s spectra. The main peak (O 1s I, 530 eV) is usually attributed to Ti–O bonds, while the secondary one is attributed to surface hydroxy groups, Ti–OH, (O 1s II, 531.6 eV) and is often described as a characteristic of systems with enhanced photocatalytic properties [35]. An increased

• concentration of surface hydroxy groups is generally observed in doped TiO2 nanostructures, and these are indicated through the asymmetry of the O 1s spectra [32][36]. Ti–OH groups act as electron traps that not only improve the separation efficiency for electron–hole pairs, but also improve the generation of

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• hydroxy groups on the iron oxide surface (Figure 5). According to TEM, the PHPMA coating changed neither the morphology nor the size and polydispersity of the particles (Figure 4b). PHPMA itself was not visible on the TEM micrographs due to its low electron density. The hydrodynamic diameter of γ-Fe2O3

• subsequent chemical conjugation with a specific drug. Dox-conjugated PHPMA was attached via hydrogen bonding between hydroxy groups on the superparamagnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticle surface (citrate stabilization) and the C=O groups of the polymer. Due to the highly hydrophilic and flexible nature of PHPMA

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• an adsorbent of residual antibiotics which are commonly found in industrial discharge, aquaculture, and effluent with medicinal residues. By converting cellulose to nanocellulose, the surface area increases exponentially along with its crystalline nature and the number of surface hydroxy groups (–OH

• easily protonated under acidic conditions [89]. The amino group possesses a lone pair of electrons which is attributed to the nitrogen atoms and may form a covalent bond with metal ions. The adsorption of metals ions is coordinated by amino and hydroxy groups found in the functionalized cellulose. Amine

• the CNCs’ surface [135]. However, the properties of CNC flocculants can vary with changes in the surface –OH group, and hence the right amount of –OH surface groups must be established to produce an effective flocculant. Anionic surface groups such as hydroxy groups are commonly found in nanocellulose

ZnO-nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor: Effect of nanostructure morphology on the sensing of heavy metal ions

• Marina Krasovska,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Irena Mihailova,
• Andrejs Ogurcovs,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Andrejs Gerbreders and
• Pavels Sarajevs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2421–2431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.227

• mixture of lead oxides and metallic lead. The XRD pattern and EDS spectra of the sediment composition has been previously reported [16]. The formation of lead oxide is explained by the quasichemical Lewis interaction between lead ions and hydroxy groups on the ZnO surface as a result of coordination or

• water or water vapour results in the formation of negatively charged hydroxy (OH−) groups, which can themselves act as new adsorption sites on the ZnO surface. The adsorption mechanism is based on the interaction of positively charged metallic ions with negatively charged hydroxy groups on the ZnO

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• than QC. Dox is an anthraquinone compound with amino and hydroxy groups, which can form multiple H-bonds with oxygen atoms of the ethyleneoxy groups of the macrocycle. Hence, Dox has more possibilities to interact with micelles of 3. With the same mass of 3, the decrease of the initial mass of Dox (mS0

Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants

• Aikaterini-Rafailia Tsiapla,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Veroniki Bakola,
• Foteini Pappa,
• Panagiota Gkertsiou,
• Eleni Pavlidou and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1986–1994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.189

• partial esterification of cellulose with acetic acid. The esterification of hydroxy groups of cellulose increases the hydrophobicity of CA while at the same time the existence of ester bonds makes it more susceptible to degrading in aquatic environments. So, in a 5 month period the change of the scaffold

The inhibition effect of water on the purification of natural gas with nanoporous graphene membranes

• Krzysztof Nieszporek,
• Tomasz Pańczyk and
• Jolanta Nieszporek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1906–1916, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.182

• the correlation function c(t), the binary functions h(t) of all possible donor/acceptor pairs (hydroxy groups originating from water and nitrogen atoms located at the nanopore rim) were determined. Next, for individual donor–acceptor pairs the correlation functions were first calculated and then

• averaged. Thus, the history-independent correlation functions shown in Figure 14 are averaged curves of many trajectories: In the case of an NHH nanopore and a gaseous mixture with 200 water molecules there were 1200 trajectories (three nitrogen atoms and 400 hydroxy groups), while for an NN nanopore there

SO₂ gas adsorption on carbon nanomaterials: a comparative study

• Deepu J. Babu,
• Divya Puthusseri,
• Frank G. Kühl,
• Sherif Okeil,
• Michael Bruns,
• Manfred Hampe and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1782–1792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.169

• adsorption [43]. By combining in situ powder X-ray diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering measurements with simulation studies, Yang et al. argued that hydroxy groups within the pore channels selectively bind SO2 by the formation of hydrogen bonds that are reinforced by weaker phenyl C–H…O=S=O

• supramolecular contacts surrounding the pore [2]. The beneficial role of hydroxy groups on SO2 adsorption was also observed in the case of flue gas adsorption on MOFs [8]. All these studies point to the fact that the presence of oxygen functionalities can certainly influence the SO2 adsorption characteristics of

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• ratio increased in the mixed solvent, the precursor (TBOT) and surfactant (HPC), which have many hydrophilic hydroxy groups, were not stable in the mixed solvent. TBOT is not miscible and results in a separated phase, and HPC does not dissolve in the ACN solution. HPC (10 mg) could not be dissolved in

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• , calculated using UV–vis titration data [41], are shown in Table 1. The first and second constants of SRA are much smaller than those of resorcinol [40] because of the intramolecular hydrogen bond between hydroxy groups [42][43]. In contrast to SRA, the changes in the UV–vis spectrum of p(SRA-B) start at pH 3

• and the first inflection point of the titration curve appears at pH 4.9. This curvature change is absent in the curve of SRA and refers to the dissociation of the boronic ester bond (pKdiss). The pKa values of the deprotonation of the hydroxy groups are greater for p(SRA-B), because the high density

• of negative charge formed by the sulfonated groups hinders the dissociation of the hydroxy groups of p(SRA-B). The titration data show that the p(SRA-B) is stable in the pH value range of 6–12, at which only the deprotonation of the upper rim occurs. When the pH is lowered from 6 to 3, the boronate

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

• Equation 6 to form a superoxide anion (O2•−), which acts as a strong oxidizing agent. Similarly, strongly oxidizing hydroxyl radicals (•OH) are produced in the VB by the reaction of hVB+ with either surface hydroxy groups (–OH) or adsorbed water molecules (Equation 7). The reaction of these active species

Cyclodextrin inhibits zinc corrosion by destabilizing point defect formation in the oxide layer

• Abdulrahman Altin,
• Maciej Krzywiecki,
• Adnan Sarfraz,
• Cigdem Toparli,
• Claudius Laska,
• Philipp Kerger,
• Aleksandar Zeradjanin,
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer,
• Michael Rohwerder and
• Andreas Erbe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 936–944, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.86

• likely that β-CD accepts the charge via the hydroxy groups. The charge dislocation explains the observed energy level shift in photoemission experiments, closely resembling band bending. From the derived band diagram, charge dislocation could also take place via holes. Due the lower mobility of holes

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• of hydroxy groups), 2893 cm−1 (C–H stretching), 1640 cm−1 (H–O–H bending of the absorbed water), 1431 cm−1 (–CH2 bending), 1369 cm−1 (O–H bending) and 1029 cm−1 (C–O–C stretching vibrations) [27]. In Figure 3b, pure PVA showed peaks at 3280 cm−1 (O–H stretching vibration of hydroxy group), 2914 cm−1

• several peaks including C=C (≈284.5 eV), C–C (≈286.8 eV), C=O (≈287.8 eV), and O–C=O (≈289.1 eV) [34][35]. Compared with GO, the peak intensities of C=O, C–O and O–C=O peaks of rGO showed an obvious decrease caused by the ring-opening of epoxide groups and nucleophilic substitution on the hydroxy groups

• . After the carbonization treatment, the oxygen-containing functional groups in GO were deoxygenated along with the restoration of conjugated structures. Besides, the hydroxy groups on the GO were expected to be significantly eliminated during the thermal decomposition, as was confirmed by the FTIR

Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles for label-free colorimetric sensing of ammonia in aqueous solutions

• Alessandro Buccolieri,
• Antonio Serra,
• Gabriele Giancane and
• Daniela Manno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 499–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.48

• other hand, the presence of glucose acting as reducing agent promotes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles [25]. The addition of ammonia can change the kinetics of the synthesis of silver nanoparticles improving oxidation of hydroxy groups in glucose, and giving rise to an accelerated reduction of

• the synthesis of silver nanoparticles improving oxidation of hydroxy groups in glucose, and giving rise to an accelerated reduction of silver in the fluid. The rationale of this behaviour is given by correlating the formation of nanoparticles to the content of silver ions in the solution. The

• concentration of silver ions is constant for all syntheses carried out in the present work. Initially, at low concentrations of ammonia, the oxidation of hydroxy groups facilitates the rate of nucleation of silver nanoparticles. Then a high rate of nucleation of silver nanoparticles was observed in the NH3

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• photocatalyst for the degradation of phenol and toluene under visible light. XPS analysis revealed that the photocatalyst prepared via HT method contains a three-times higher amount of hydroxy groups at the surface layer and a two-times higher amount of surface defects than that obtained by the SHT method. The

• activity is strictly affected by physical properties such as crystalline structure and size, specific surface area, and the density of surface hydroxy groups [7]. The impact of the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on properties and morphology is important for understanding, creating and improving

• indicates the higher amount of hydroxy groups on the surface of the Nd-TiO2 sample prepared via the HT method. The presence of the Ti–Osurf species can initiate the formation of Ti–O–Nd bonds. In addition, the Ti3+ fraction in the surface region of the 0.25% Nd-TiO2(HT) sample is significantly larger than

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• in the region of 1650–1550 cm−1 (red lines) represent the stretching vibration and deformation vibration of surface-adsorbed hydroxy groups. The peak centred at 2350 cm−1 is characteristic for anti-symmetrical stretching mode of dissolved carbon dioxide [32]. The stretching band in the region of 590

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• adsorptive oxygen species, such as low-coordinated oxygen atoms, chemisorbed oxygen, or hydroxy groups [12]. It is well-accepted that Oβ species are more active than Oα species due to their higher mobility. With the stronger Oβ peak, the CeO2–MOx samples are expected to be richer in surface-active oxygen and

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

• Colin K. Curtis,
• Antonin Marek,
• Alex I. Smirnov and
• Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

• surface hydroxy groups determine electrostatic properties of the surface that, in turn, affect interactions of charged nanoparticles (NDs in this study) with the QCM alumina electrode. In the past Cuddy et al. employed contact angle titration to determine Isoelectric points (IEPs) for five common (QCM

Bi-layer sandwich film for antibacterial catheters

• Gerhard Franz,
• Florian Schamberger,
• Hamideh Heidari Zare,
• Sara Felicitas Bröskamp and
• Dieter Jocham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1982–2001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.199

• nature of the surface is switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic through the generation of carboxy and hydroxy groups at the surface [36]. The silver deposition itself was carried out by applying a pneumatic apparatus. The capillary was attached to a small peristaltic pump that draws a mixture of an Ag

Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of continuous-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with stacked graphene

• Naum Naveh,
• Olga Shepelev and
• Samuel Kenig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1909–1918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.191

• distance of 0.336 nm was measured. Nevertheless, numerous multi-pores ranging from 2 to 10 nm were also detected. The acid and hydroxy groups on the multi-pore walls promote the interaction of EG with organic compounds, more specifically, with monomers before curing and with polymer segments after curing

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• hydroxy groups are present on the basal planes of GO, whereas at their edges carboxyl groups are dominant [1][2][3]. As stated above, GO platelets have chemically reactive oxygen groups, among which carboxylic groups are considered to be the most active ones. The activation of the –COOH group is usually