Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• Nikodem Kuznik Mateusz M. Tomczyk Silesian University of Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, M. Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.7.102 Abstract Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most commonly used tomography techniques in medical diagnosis due to the non-invasive

• agent candidates based on the studies presented here and supported by appropriate theories. Keywords: carbon nanotube hybrids; contrast agent; molecular probe; multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT); magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); relaxation; Introduction The interdisciplinary character of

• carbon nanotubes (CNT) drug and genetic material delivery, immunotherapy or photothermal cancer therapy [1][2]. The 'quantum leap' [3] of bionanomaterials has also affected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique, which has already matured into a basic diagnostic tool in medicine, has an edge

Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Marina Dobrivojević,
• Lada Brkić Ahmed,
• Michal Babič,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Daniel Horák and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 926–936, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.84

• track stem cells by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [11], and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles are particularly used for this purpose [12][13][14][15]. The efficient cellular uptake of nanoparticles, which would not interfere with the labeled cell activities is crucial for reliable cell

Novel roles for well-known players: from tobacco mosaic virus pests to enzymatically active assemblies

• Claudia Koch,
• Fabian J. Eber,
• Carlos Azucena,
• Alexander Förste,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Alexander M. Bittner,
• Holger Jeske,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Fania C. Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 613–629, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.54

• , energy conversion, plasmonics or magnetic resonance imaging [82][92][100][114][115][116][117][118][119][120][121], and as carrier rods for effector peptides for distinct purposes from affinity binding, intravital targeting up to cell-culture supports [105][111][117][122][123][124], or as antigens for

Simultaneous cancer control and diagnosis with magnetic nanohybrid materials

• Reza Saadat and
• Franz Renz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 121–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.14

• nanotechnology have been recently gaining more and more importance [1][2]. In the last 30 years the positron emission tomography (PET) has acquired relevance among the current conventional imaging methods such as X-ray, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [3]. PET gives insights in the

An adapted Coffey model for studying susceptibility losses in interacting magnetic nanoparticles

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2173–2182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.223

• Calabria, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.6.223 Abstract Background: Nanoparticles can be used in biomedical applications, such as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, in tumor therapy or against cardiovascular diseases. Single-domain nanoparticles dissipate heat through susceptibility losses in two modes

A facile method for the preparation of bifunctional Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe₃O₄ magnetic and fluorescent nanocrystals

• Houcine Labiadh,
• Tahar Ben Chaabane,
• Romain Sibille,
• Lavinia Balan and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1743–1751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.178

• applications. They can, for example, be used as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging or as therapeutic agents in magnetic fluid hyperthermia [9][10]. Several successful applications such as targeted drug delivery, bioseparation, biodetection, and labelling and sorting of cells [11][12][13][14] are

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• paramagnetism, super saturation, and having free electrons, magnetic nanoparticles have emerged as promising candidates for various medical and biological applications including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (as a contrast agent), smart drug delivery (as drug carriers), gene therapy, hyperthermia and tissue

Structural and magnetic properties of iron nanowires and iron nanoparticles fabricated through a reduction reaction

• Marcin Krajewski,
• Wei Syuan Lin,
• Hong Ming Lin,
• Katarzyna Brzozka,
• Sabina Lewinska,
• Natalia Nedelko,
• Anna Slawska-Waniewska,
• Jolanta Borysiuk and
• Dariusz Wasik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1652–1660, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.167

• inexpensive, a lot of them are biocompatible and low-toxic, it makes them very interesting from an application point of view. So far, they have been applied in many biomedical applications including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast enhancements [1], direct drug delivery systems [2], hyperthermia

The convenient preparation of stable aryl-coated zerovalent iron nanoparticles

• Olga A. Guselnikova,
• Andrey I. Galanov,
• Anton K. Gutakovskii and
• Pavel S. Postnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1192–1198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.121

• ], magnetic resonance imaging [5], targeted drug delivery [6], catalysis [7] and controlled local hyperthermia [8]. Iron is one of the most abundant metals on earth [9]; therefore, the price of precursors for obtaining magnetic iron NPs is inexpensive, thus the modification and synthesis of functionalized

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• sites in vivo. In this sense, bimodal imaging probes that simultaneously enable magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging have gained tremendous attention because disease sites can be characterized quick and precisely through synergistic multimodal imaging. But such hybrid nanocomposite

• multimodal imaging probes for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging are the most popular and interesting, since they provide high spatial resolution (MRI) and allow for a rapid screening of the disease site (optical imaging) simultaneously. But such hybrid nanocomposites have certain

• that the particles retain their characteristic properties even after their conjugation inside the MPTS-coated silica corona. Again, Selvan et al. [43] reported the synthesis of multifunctional silica-capped magnetic and fluorescent NPs that can be used for biolabelling, magnetic resonance imaging

Hematopoietic and mesenchymal stem cells: polymeric nanoparticle uptake and lineage differentiation

• Ivonne Brüstle,
• Thomas Simmet,
• Gerd Ulrich Nienhaus,
• Katharina Landfester and
• Volker Mailänder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 383–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.38

• cells, including stem cells, in order to study homing and engraftment [1][2] or to deliver drugs. Labeling with iron-containing particles provides the possibility to track the cell fate in vivo by using noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Superparamagentic iron oxide particles (SPIONs) are

Caveolin-1 and CDC42 mediated endocytosis of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles in HeLa cells

• Nils Bohmer and
• Andreas Jordan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 167–176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.16

• applications. Nowadays they are already in use in magnetic resonance imaging [6][7][8] and the thermotherapy of tumors [9][10][11]. Also for the investigation of applications in theragnostic and drug delivery iron oxide nanoparticles are promising tools for the future [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Despite the

The distribution and degradation of radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots in mice

• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Markus Heine,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Stephen G. Hickey,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Jörg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 111–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.11

• nanomedical applications because of their magnetic properties that allow specific targeting of early tumor or arteriosclerotic lesions, which can be closely monitored by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In contrast to Qdots, iron-based nanoparticles are known to be less toxic given that iron is an essential

The fate of a designed protein corona on nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo

• Denise Bargheer,
• Julius Nielsen,
• Gabriella Gébel,
• Markus Heine,
• Sunhild C. Salmen,
• Roland Stauber,
• Horst Weller,
• Joerg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 36–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.5

• diagnostic using functionalized SPIOs in magnetic resonance imaging. Experimental Synthesis of nanoparticle The superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle was synthesized according to reported procedures with slight modifications [24]. In brief, a mixture of 0.178 g FeOOH (2.0 mmol), 2.26 g oleic acid (8.0

Nanoencapsulation of ultra-small superparamagnetic particles of iron oxide into human serum albumin nanoparticles

• Matthias G. Wacker,
• Mahmut Altinok,
• Stephan Urfels and
• Johann Bauer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2259–2266, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.235

• particles of iron oxide (USPIO) are used as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging, their encapsulation into the protein matrix enables the synthesis of diagnostic and theranostic agents by surface modification and co-encapsulation of active pharmaceutical ingredients. The present investigation deals

• the present study, nanoparticles consisting of HSA were formed by ethanolic desolvation [9]. These nanocarriers were used matrix system for the encapsulation of USPIO. USPIO have been efficiently applied as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and allow the tracking of nanoparticles in vivo

The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions

• Christoph Bantz,
• Olga Koshkina,
• Thomas Lang,
• Hans-Joachim Galla,
• C. James Kirkpatrick,
• Roland H. Stauber and
• Michael Maskos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188

• . Hence, they are highly suitable for tailored biomedical applications, for example, as drug carrier systems, as agents in hyperthermia, or as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [52][53]. Silica nanoparticles: As most of the common crystalline SiO2 particles are not in the nanometer-size

Influence of surface-modified maghemite nanoparticles on in vitro survival of human stem cells

• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Lyubov L. Lukash,
• Tetiana A. Ruban,
• Yurii N. Kolomiets,
• Svitlana P. Shpylova and
• Oksana A. Grypych

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1732–1737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.183

• ., dextran [18][19] (in Feridex® and Endorem® developed as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, MRI), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) [1], poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMAAm) [20], poly(L-lysine) [21][22], protamine sulfate [23], or layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte complexes [24]. The aim of this

• stealth particles with reduced opsonization in biological fluids. These properties can be exploited in magnetic resonance imaging and tracking of iron oxide-labeled cells, for the magnetic separation of cells, nucleic acids and proteins and in medicine for treatments by using targeted drug delivery

The cell-type specific uptake of polymer-coated or micelle-embedded QDs and SPIOs does not provoke an acute pro-inflammatory response in the liver

• Markus Heine,
• Alexander Bartelt,
• Oliver T. Bruns,
• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Ludger Scheja,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Rudolph Reimer,
• Horst Weller,
• Peter Nielsen and
• Joerg Heeren

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1432–1440, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.155

• employing various cell culture systems described toxic effects of QDs [3][4]. Iron-containing superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIOs) used for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have a relative good reputation given that iron is an essential trace element and it can be assumed that iron from

PEGylated versus non-PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles as camptothecin delivery system

• Paula M. Castillo,
• Mario de la Mata,
• Maria F. Casula,
• José A. Sánchez-Alcázar and
• Ana P. Zaderenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1312–1319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.144

• promising as delivery systems due to their low toxicity and their ability to be used both in cancer diagnosis and therapy [21][22][23]. SPION can be effectively used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging [24][25], as carriers for chemotherapeutic drugs [26][27][28] and to destroy cancer cells by

Manipulation of isolated brain nerve terminals by an external magnetic field using D-mannose-coated γ-Fe₂O₃ nano-sized particles and assessment of their effects on glutamate transport

• Tatiana Borisova,
• Natalia Krisanova,
• Arsenii Borуsov,
• Roman Sivko,
• Ludmila Ostapchenko,
• Michal Babic and
• Daniel Horak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 778–788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.90

• surface. In this context, biocompatible polymers can be attached to the surface of the nanoparticles to avoid their agglomeration and enhance their non-specific intracellular uptake [4]. Magnetic resonance imaging could be used for tracking labeled cells in vivo by using iron oxide nanoparticles coated by

Plasma-assisted synthesis and high-resolution characterization of anisotropic elemental and bimetallic core–shell magnetic nanoparticles

• M. Hennes,
• A. Lotnyk and
• S. G. Mayr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 466–475, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.54

• as powerful nanotools in many areas of biology, biophysics and medicine [1]. Possible applications include their use as contrast agents for cell tracking via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) [2], as colloidal mediators in cancer therapy (hyperthermia) [3] or as nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery

Extracellular biosynthesis of gadolinium oxide (Gd₂O₃) nanoparticles, their biodistribution and bioconjugation with the chemically modified anticancer drug taxol

• Shadab Ali Khan,
• Sanjay Gambhir and
• Absar Ahmad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 249–257, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.27

• convertor [2][3], as additives in UO2 fuel rods for nuclear reactors [2], and as an additive in ZrO2 to enhance its toughness [3][4]. Gd2O3 has several potential applications in biomedicine, too. For example, it is used in magnetic resonance imaging, since it exhibits superparamagnetism and involves T1

Magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical NMR-based diagnostics

• Huilin Shao,
• Tae-Jong Yoon,
• Monty Liong,
• Ralph Weissleder and
• Hakho Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 142–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.17

• ][21][22][23][24][25]. A variety of chemical methods, ranging from traditional wet chemistry to high-temperature thermal decomposition, have been employed to synthesize MNPs. Colloidal iron oxide nanoparticles, which are used as clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, are generally

Preparation and characterization of supported magnetic nanoparticles prepared by reverse micelles

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Luyang Han,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5

• the medical field [7], e.g., in hyperthermia [8], contrast enhancing in magnetic resonance imaging [9][10] or the use as cell markers [9] which in-turn can be read out by highly-sensitive devices like TMR-sensors [11]. Moreover, magnetic NPs are thought to improve a variety of catalytic reactions [12