Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• carrier separation, high photo-transporter mobility, appropriate physical and chemical properties, sufficient band alignment to meet the kinetic requirements of the target reaction, and anti-corrosion stability in reactive environments [18][19][20]. Figure 1 depicts the mechanism of the photocatalyst. In

• orbitals, as opposed to the valence band of TiO2, which is made up entirely of O 2p orbitals. The mobility of the photogenerated charge carriers is increased by the well-dispersed Bi 6s orbital. Due to their distinctive structure, Bi-based photocatalysts exhibit a steeper absorption edge in the visible

• light absorption, weaker charge separation, and poor charge carrier mobility. Researchers are concentrating on several strategies, such as doping, heterojunction formation, induction of the surface plasmon resonance effect, and the formation of Z-schemes, Schottky junctions, and engineered composites

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• growth of Ag–Al crystallites in a truncated octahedron shape at low temperatures (below 170 °C) [32][33]. Due to the rather short distance between the substrate and the target (i.e., 10 cm), particles have greater mobility, resulting in the growth of crystalline structures [34]. This induces the faceting

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• occurs due to the presence of hydrophilic sites at the nanocone entrance. The functionalization, together with the high mobility of water inside nanostructures, leads to a fast water flow through the nanostructure. We show using molecular dynamics simulations that this device is able to collect water if

• led to the development of mimetic strategies [18][19][20][21], which require the combination of wetting and dewetting properties used by the beetle. The hydrophobic region, as is also the case for the cactus, is fundamental for the mobility of water. Water presents other kinds of anomalous behavior in

• super flow in nanostructures has been explored in processes of separating water from salt or from other contaminants. This high mobility of water under nanoconfinement requires huge pressure and, consequently, a lot of energy [27][28]. In order to help water entrance and decrease the amount of required

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• . The concentration and mobility of charge carriers need to be increased to overcome this problem. Furthermore, enhancing electrical and optical performance at the same time is a critical research topic that has many challenges. Generally, the physical properties of TC materials are essentially affected

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• , to analyze the I–V at 300 K, one can apply the formalism of the theory of injection currents, which makes it possible to estimate the concentration of intrinsic charge carriers (n0) and their minimum mobility (μ) [18]: where, j is the current density, L is the distance between the electrodes, Un is

• the voltage corresponding to the transition point from linear to parabolic dependency of the I–V’s, n0 is the equilibrium concentration of charge carriers, ε and ε0 dielectric constants of the polymer and vacuum, respectively, and μ is the maximum mobility of charge carriers. According to this model

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• than Bi5+. The earlier compounds have been examined more thoroughly than the latter. The overlap of O 2p and Bi 6s orbitals in the valence band (VB) of Bi3+-containing compounds improves photogenerated charge mobility and, hence, improves photocatalytic activity [22][23]. Furthermore, except for BiOF

• expediting the detachment and mobility of photoinduced charges. This, in turn, increases the ability of holes and electrons to undergo oxidation and reduction, respectively. As a consequence of this, the ZnIn2S4/BiVO4 heterojunction has unusual photocatalytic activity. It has an H2 evolution rate much higher

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• by a facile synthesis and extensively studied by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The nanostructures are made of pure and crystalline Tellurium with trigonal structure (t-Te), and exhibit p-type conductivity with enhanced field-effect hole mobility between 273 cm2/Vs at 320 K and 881

• cm2/Vs at 5 K. The thermal ionization of shallow acceptors, with small ionization energy between 2 and 4 meV, leads to free-hole conduction at high temperatures. The free-hole mobility follows a negative power-law temperature behavior, with an exponent between −1.28 and −1.42, indicating strong phonon

• ), nanorods (NRs), nanowires (NWs), nanobelts (NBs), nanotubes (NTs), nanoflowers (NFs) and chiral nanostructures [6][7][8][9][10]. Trigonal tellurium (t-Te) MLs have also been recently proposed as a silicon successor for nanoelectronics because of their high hole mobility and current density [3]. Combining

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• molecular mobility is significantly higher than in any corresponding crystalline form and there is a lower coordination number for atoms in the surface which gives rise to enhanced chemical reactivity of the amorphous surface. These results show that the choice of the surface can have a major impact on the

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• , µ is the effective ionic mobility, and ν is the liquid flow rate, which plays an important role in MEGs. The flow potential is a reflection of the joint action of the fluid and the nanochannel, so it can be shown from Equation 1 that various parameters of the nanochannel material, such as flow

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

• Jānis Sniķeris,
• Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

• to different adhesion coefficients between the surface and hydrocarbons. Results from EDX measurements strongly suggest that metal atoms or ions are capable of moving within carbon–metal nanowires under the influence of EB. High Ag ion mobility under electric fields or EB has also been reported in

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• surfaces. CAH is a qualitative measure of the mobility of a droplet on a surface [36]. The larger the hysteresis, the harder a droplet rolls off [37]. CAH is defined as the difference between the advancing and the receding CA. It can be determined for a droplet with varying volume or for a droplet on an

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• measurements and for modeling by ab initio calculations. Periodic and compact films are generally obtained when the molecules possess enough surface mobility, that is, when the diffusion energy (Ed) is low compared to the thermal energy kBT, where T is the substrate temperature and kB is the Boltzmann constant

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• Abstract The KP15 nanowires with one-dimensional properties has a defect-free surface, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility which is desirable for the development of novel nanodevices. However, the preparation of nanoscale KP15 is still inefficient. In this work, the Hansen solubility parameters of KP15

• weak interaction between these chains [3][4]. Therefore, those 1D materials have defect-free surfaces, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility. For example, TiS3 nanowires obtained by mechanical stripping have a large carrier mobility of about 10000 cm2·V−1·s−1 [5][6][7]. Fibrous phosphorus is also a new

• one-dimensional material with high carrier mobility (308 cm2·V−1·s−1) and rapid response time [8][9][10]. These one-dimensional materials are ideal for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. The KP15 is considered to be a novel low-dimensional material with layered structure, high hole carrier

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• , the lower the cell viscosity. Conversely, HPV-PZ-7 cells did not show this characteristic (Figure 5b and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S6b). The physical quantity expressed by viscosity is inversely proportional to mobility. The lower the viscosity, the more mobile the cell is, and the

• mobility of the cells is positively correlated with their ability to invade. Wullkopf et al. [40] found that, in a 3D breast cancer model, an increased viscosity might actually aid cells at an invasive front. Our study firstly shows that substrate stiffness could affect the migration and invasion of

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

• Ali Javed,
• Felix Steinke,
• Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
• Hana Bunzen,
• Norbert Stock and
• Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

• the bridging ligands, for example, –OH, –COOH, –PO3H2 or –SO3H, (ii) by filling pores or channels with acidic guest molecules, such as oxonium ions, organic or inorganic acids, or ammonium cations, or (iii) by ligand substitution to increase the mobility of proton carriers [13][14][15][16]. Here we

• increases from 4.9 × 10−10 S·cm−1 at 70% r.h. to 2.0 × 10−8 S·cm−1 at 90% r.h. (non-activated sample, 22 °C). Activation only leads to a very slight change in conductivity (9.9 × 10−9 S·cm−1 at 90% r.h., see Table 1). These findings suggest that proton mobility is mostly governed by the (reversible) uptake

• detail below. (We did not observe any semicircular behavior in the absence of humidity, neither before nor after thermal activation, from which we conclude that other phenomena, such as relaxation of electric dipoles, do not significantly contribute to the charge mobility.) Another way to depict the

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• concentration due to PANI doping and the formation of charge transfer complexes [20]. The decrease of electrical resistance is caused by the greater mobility of the dopant ions, related to the development of PANI chains. Furthermore, the swelling effect contributes to the change in resistivity [21]. Statistical

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• the scale down of advanced IC designs. GR-NEM switches can be used as a new and unique ESD protection structure to replace PN junctions in integrated circuits. The high carrier mobility and the heat transfer coefficient allow for a low conduction resistance and can avoid device burn during ESD. ESD

Alcohol-perturbed self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein

• Ismael Abu-Baker and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 355–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.30

• small hydration shell of structured water molecules. As the alcohol content increases, the hydration shells begin to overlap, leading to an extensive hydrogen bonding network and significantly reduced mobility of water molecules. Beyond this point, alcohol molecules begin to cluster together, and

Low-energy electron interaction and focused electron beam-induced deposition of molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)₆)

• Po-Yuan Shih,
• Maicol Cipriani,
• Christian Felix Hermanns,
• Jens Oster,
• Klaus Edinger,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 182–191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.13

• about 160 K, the FEBID studies on this precursor were conducted at elevated temperatures and at room temperature while the current FEBID with Mo(CO)6 was conducted at room temperature. At these higher temperatures the mobility at the surface is higher and conceivable activation barriers associated with

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• environment are the strong decrease in oxygen ion mobility below 600 °C, mechanical stability and chemical stability against the used reactive gases, and local chemical reactions at the triple-phase boundaries (ceria|electron conductor|gas) as well as at the interfaces between the different components (ceria

• temperatures above 400 °C. However, the implications of local oxidation and reduction for charge carrier mobility at lower temperatures are by far less well studied. Therefore, a combined polarization-KPFM experiment was performed on a dual-phase material consisting of 60 vol % Ce0.8Sm0.2O1.9 and 40 vol

• electrons are trapped at oxygen vacancy sites, allowing also for singly charged () or uncharged (VO) oxygen vacancies in close vicinity to Ce3+ ions [31][32], which show a strongly lowered mobility. For low temperatures, the common electroneutrality equation for acceptor-doped ceria can be shortened, as

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• conductivity values after 20 wt % of the (PVdF-HFP)-IL blend is due to the increased viscosity of the electrolyte system, which lowers the mobility of mobile species and hence the conductivity decreases thereafter. Finally, ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolytes with an optimized composition of ({(PVdF

• the overall mobility of free ions and segmental motion of polymeric chains. As a result, there is an increase in the conductivity of the polymer gel electrolyte system. The VTF fitting parameters (i.e., A, B, and T0) were determined by using non-linear least square fitting of the data and are

• frequencies [10]. From Figure 6b it can be seen that the larger values of the dielectric loss (εi) are more prominent in lower frequencies as well as in higher temperature regions. Mostly it arises due to the mobility of free charge carriers that exist within the dielectric materials. The general pattern

A review on slip boundary conditions at the nanoscale: recent development and applications

• Ruifei Wang,
• Jin Chai,
• Bobo Luo,
• Xiong Liu,
• Jianting Zhang,
• Min Wu,
• Mingdan Wei and
• Zhuanyue Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1237–1251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.91

• mobility of surface charges to describe the motion of electro-osmosis. The approximate expressions for the electro-osmotic velocity can be derived even when the surface charge density is large [75]. When investigating the motion of an electrolyte solution driven by an external electric field, Celebi and

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• hierarchical architecture [2][11][12] as well as through nanostructuring [13][14][15]), retaining the hole mobility [16][17], and by improving the value of the Seebeck coefficient (by tuning the band structure [18] along with a large conduction (valence) band convergence [19][20], electron energy barrier

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• determined. Enhancing hole mobility: hole injection and transport layers The optimization of charge carrier injection also consists of reducing the driving voltage of the LED. For achieving this, holes should be readily injected from the high-work-function anode surface (e.g., ITO, SWNT), while the electrons

• should be injected from the low-work-function metal cathode surface. Therefore, HTL should possess excellent charge mobility and maintain morphological stability. Moreover, it should have an appropriate highest occupied molecular level (HOMO), ensuring a low energy barrier for hole injection from the

• concentrations (0.4 wt %) improved the hole-injecting ability of PEDOT:PSS. Incorporation of 0.005 wt % of SWNT in PVK HTL resulted in 55% increment in hole mobility, which was initially 2.5 × 10−6 cm2/V·s [63]. Other carbon-based nanostructures for HTL include graphene oxide. However, an optimum thickness of

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• constituted by lipophilic and hydrophilic polymers which contribute to increase their systemic mobility and residence time [86]. The advantages of this hybrid system include high encapsulation efficiency, well-defined release kinetics, well-tolerated serum stability, and well-triggered tissue, cellular, and