Ideal Kerker scattering by homogeneous spheres: the role of gain or loss

• Qingdong Yang,
• Weijin Chen,
• Yuntian Chen and
• Wei Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 828–835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.73

• perfectly zero. For general discussions of optical properties, such as scattering and absorption cross sections, it is physically legitimate to take into consideration only those dominant contributing multipole terms and drop other minor ones (such as in the widely adopted dipole approximation). While for

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• collected and redispersed in a specific volume of NMP (Sigma-Aldrich M79603), which ranged between 250 and 1000 µL. This method is schematically described in Figure 1. Film deposition In order to study the optical properties of the produced graphene films, graphene from solution was deposited onto glass

• graphene was varied. As the film of graphene formed on the surface of the water, the LB method was used to deposit the film onto the target substrate [32]. Film characterization To study optical properties of the fabricated samples, UV–vis spectroscopy was performed (Thermo Fisher Scientific EVO 60

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• with the SHG and photoluminescence optical images, indicating the relationship between local structure and optical properties of the MoSe2 flake. These results contribute to understand the impacts of local structural properties on the Raman enhancement at the surface of the 2D transition-metal

• addition, point defect-induced trions in monolayer WS2 on a nonconducting substrate can be visualized via photoluminescence in order to precisely explore the exciton binding energy [15]. The optical properties of edges and grain boundaries in 2D-TMDC materials have also been characterized by

• the Raman polarizability of the molecule; thus, it is essential to investigate the dependency of chemical enhancement on the local structure of 2D-TMDC materials. In this article, the structure-related optical properties of a triangular MoSe2 flake covered with a 5 nm film of CuPc molecules are

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• biocompatibility, large specific surface area, and remarkable photoelectric properties [1][2][3]. Among them, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been frequently employed for drug delivery, sensing, imaging, and photodynamic therapy owing to their high extinction coefficient, distinct optical properties, excellent

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• fluorescence based on ZnO nanoscaled films is different from the metal enhancement. The use of ZnO nanosubstrates for enhanced biomedical detection has received great attention due to their optical properties and other great advantages. Early detection of disease markers and the measurement of specific protein

Selected properties of Al_xZn_yO thin films prepared by reactive pulsed magnetron sputtering using a two-element Zn/Al target

• Witold Posadowski,
• Artur Wiatrowski,
• Jarosław Domaradzki and
• Michał Mazur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 344–354, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.29

• a function of the distance from the target axis on both sides (front and back) of the substrate. The lowest measured resistivity was about 4 × 10−3 Ω·cm. Additionally, optical properties, surface topography, and elemental composition were determined in selected areas of the substrate. Keywords

• -needle distance of 1.00 mm. The measurement was carried out such that the line connecting the four needles was perpendicular to the longest dimension (350 mm) of the glass stripe. The optical properties were evaluated on the basis of the transmission spectra. The characteristics were acquired using an

• Ocean Optics spectrophotometer (QE65000 type) and a coupled halogen–deuterium lamp in the wavelength range of 300 to 1000 nm. Transmitted light was collected using an integrating sphere with a perpendicular incidence of the light beam on the sample for nonpolarized light. Analysis of optical properties

Investigation of a memory effect in a Au/(Ti–Cu)Ox-gradient thin film/TiAlV structure

• Damian Wojcieszak,
• Jarosław Domaradzki,
• Michał Mazur,
• Tomasz Kotwica and
• Danuta Kaczmarek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 265–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.21

• cycles testify a very good reproducibility and good stability (retention) of the prepared material (Figure 4). The ratio of the structure resistance between the HR and LR states was approximately 6 × 102. Optical properties Figure 5 presents the transmission and reflection spectra of the prepared thin

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• afterwards due to adverse effects or development of various resistance mechanisms, making the advent of novel strategies imperative for early diagnosis and efficient treatment [2]. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a recently developed regimen that requires administration of nanomaterials with unique optical

• properties to absorb and locally convert near-infrared (NIR) light into heat [3]. Nanoscale agents tend to accumulate within tumor sites due to the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Also, tumor cells are more sensitive to elevated temperatures than normal cells. Thus, PTT specifically ablates

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• substrate and no signals from Te 3d and Eu 4d lines were detected. To compare optical properties and investigate the influence of plasmonic resonance on the intensity of luminescence, transmission and luminescence spectra were recorded for the single luminescent oxide layer and the luminescent films

• and Al2O3 layers exhibit a much greater permittivity, which affects the optical properties of plasmonic nanostructures and redshifts the resonance wavelength [34][35][40][41]. The excitation and emission spectra samples are shown in Figure 10. One main spectral line can be distinguished on excitation

• caused by Al2O3 may successfully tune the optical properties of gold plasmonic nanostructures to obtain a more efficient excitation of the luminescent layer with europium ions. The characteristic narrow emission band at 591 nm was assigned to the 5D0→7F1 magnetic dipole transition in Eu3+ [40][41]. Its

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• crystalline sheet-like assembly. Interestingly, their group also identified the optical properties of single amino acids during assembly, demonstrating the intrinsic fluorescence of amyloid structures of metabolites such as adenine, tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine which can be used to detect living

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• is exceptionally promising for the next generation of photovoltaic and thermoelectric devices at room and high temperatures. Keywords: density functional theory (DFT); electronic properties; lattice thermal conductivity; optical properties; thermodynamic properties; thermoelectric properties; tin

• experimental studies are needed to calculate the ZT value with an accurate evaluation of the relaxation time. Optical properties The optical properties in solid materials are governed by the response of the electrons to time-dependent electromagnetic perturbations triggered by the shining of light. As a result

• , the computation of the optical properties is decreased towards the assessment of the response function, which is called dielectric tensor or polarizability. For practical optoelectronics applications, it is essential to investigate the optical response of the π-SnSe alloy. For this purpose, we have

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• mechanisms, and in particular the associated kinetics of Sb2S3 nanoparticles, is therefore still lacking. Nevertheless, it is necessary to understand the nanomaterial formation mechanism to achieve control over the morphological and optical properties of the particles, which is crucial for the further

• temperature was chosen to slow down the reaction rate, and hence to increase the duration of different reaction steps and decrease the primary particle size. Systematically, the Sb2S3 nanoparticles in the different formation steps were analyzed regarding morphology, crystallinity, and optical properties, and

• the amorphous particles, until a grayish-black mixture of crystalline material without spherical, amorphous particles (≈18 h) was finally obtained. Optical characterization The optical properties of the materials were measured by reflectance spectroscopy and analyzed by applying the Tauc plot to

A Au/CuNiCoS₄/p-Si photodiode: electrical and morphological characterization

• Adem Koçyiğit,
• Adem Sarılmaz,
• Teoman Öztürk,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Murat Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 984–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.74

• to their remarkable crystal, electric, thermoelectric, magnetic, and optical properties [6][7]. There are many studies on the usage of thiospinels in batteries, super-capacitors, and electrochemical reactions [8][9][10][11][12]. However, there are only two studies on the synthesis and application of

• results of the CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals confirmed that the nanocrystals are suitable for interfacial layers of photodiodes. Optical properties The optical properties of CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals were investigated by absorbance and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (Figure 3). As can be seen in Figure 3a, the

Molecular assemblies on surfaces: towards physical and electronic decoupling of organic molecules

• Sabine Maier and
• Meike Stöhr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 950–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.71

• significant enhancement of the excited-state spin lifetimes [62]. Concerning optical properties, successful decoupling made the examination of fluorescence from both single molecules and molecular assemblies feasible by tunneling electron excitation [19][63][64][65][66]. Also, sub-molecularly resolved Raman

• changing chemical environment. Next, we outline articles that use 2D materials and ultrathin dielectric layers as decoupling layers. While on the one hand, molecular functionalization is a powerful approach to tune the electronic and optical properties of 2D materials, in particular for many practical

• surfaces. Over the last decade, significant progress in this field led to a manifold of decoupling strategies for single molecules and surface-supported molecular architectures. Decoupling strategies are highly relevant to preserve the intrinsic structural, electronic, and optical properties of the

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• maintaining high yield and monodispersity. Initially, gold nanorods were synthesized using electrochemical methods using polycarbonate membrane templates or porous alumina for shape control in the presence of surfactants (mostly CTAB) [34][35]. Because of their optical properties, gold nanorods became

• in biomedical research is gaining attention due to their plasmonic/optical properties. However, in vitro cytotoxicity assessment of these nanomaterials is a prerequisite for further in vivo validation and subsequent clinical trials. The physicochemical properties of a nanoparticle such as size, shape

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• positive charging of the Ag surface. However, the SERS signal of CuTSPP4 is much weaker in that case than that of CuTMpyP4 after negatively charged surface modification. This is presumably not caused by different adsorption maxima of the analytes because they have very similar optical properties [33]. We

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• increasing dose the ferroelectric domains were gradually destroyed [57]. Optical properties In early work concerned with tuning optical properties with the HIM, arrays of nitrogen-vacancy centers were fabricated in diamond [58][59]. Starting with a diamond sample that already contained substitutional

• biomolecules by optical means, as opposed to having to rely on the conventional ionic current method. Nanopore fabrication using the HIM is discussed in more detail in Section 5. The HIM has also been used to tune the optical properties of quantum well structures [61]. In this work, epitaxially grown InGaAs

• were so low, the change in optical properties was attributed to the local accumulation of defects (as opposed to collisional phase mixing). In a plasmonic application, resonant triangular nanostructures were created in a graphene sheet supported on SiO2/Si by selectively irradiating the graphene in the

High-yield synthesis of silver nanowires for transparent conducting PET films

• Gul Naz,
• Hafsa Asghar,
• Muhammad Ramzan,
• Muhammad Arshad,
• Rashid Ahmed,
• Muhammad Bilal Tahir,
• Bakhtiar Ul Haq,
• Nadeem Baig and
• Junaid Jalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 624–632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.51

• electrical conductivity [12]. AgNWs are important as they offer a possibility to overcome light–matter interaction in the visible region. The optical properties of AgNWs are determined by localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), which depends on shape, size, and environment of the material [13]. AgNWs

• have gained much attention in replacing ITO because of their low-cost solution-based fabrication, flexibility, and high optical transparency [14][15]. A large-scale uniform synthesis of AgNWs with high aspect ratio would be greatly preferred because of better plasmonic and optical properties [16]. An

• significant scattering and reducing length propagation, thus affecting the optical properties [23]. The polyol method is considered as the most promising and adaptable method with respect to yield, cost, simplicity, and reaction time for the preparation of AgNWs with higher aspect ratios [24][25][26][27

Boosting of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via chlorine doping of polymeric carbon nitride

• Malgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Michalina Kijaczko,
• Wojciech Kukulka,
• Daria Baranowska,
• Martyna Baca,
• Beata Zielinska and
• Ewa Mijowska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 473–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.38

• evolution rate after PCN doping. Among the presented doping procedures, S- and Cl-doping were found to enhance HER of PCN more significantly [45][56]. To explain the phenomenon of the enhanced photocatalytic H2 evolution after Cl-doping more studies have been conducted. The optical properties of PCN and Cl

Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• , with a PCE of about 78.77%, which is much higher than that of AuNRs (57.33%). In addition, even after four on/off cycles, the Au@Pt NRs are able to maintain the photothermal properties and retain their optical properties, indicating that they have excellent photothermal stability and reusability

• ][14], have become one of the most extensively researched PTAs. It is acknowledged that thermal stability is extremely critical for noble metal PTAs. The observed melting temperature reduction at the nanoscale will affect the integrity of structure and morphology, thus affecting the optical properties

• + and K2PtCl4 on the morphology and optical properties of the synthesized Au@Pt NRs. After continuous optimization of the synthesis process, a precise and controllable synthesis method of dumbbell-like Au@Pt NRs was proposed (Scheme 1). Au@Pt NRs with ideal size and structure formed after depositing Pt

A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization

• Gabriel M. Misirli,
• Kishore Sridharan and
• Shirley M. P. Abrantes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36

• nanoparticles [63]. The UV–vis absorption spectrum is generally recorded between 210–1100 nm for AgNPs with various morphologies. By using the UV–vis absorption spectrum the physical and chemical properties of the nanoparticles can be correlated. The optical properties of the AgNPs tend to change when the

Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Florin Garoi and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 354–365, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.29

• Petronela Prepelita Florin Garoi Valentin Craciun National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, 409 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-36, Magurele 077125, Ilfov, Romania 10.3762/bjnano.12.29 Abstract The influence of film thickness on the structural and optical properties of silicon

• calculated from the absorption spectra. The influence of thickness on the structural and optical properties of the oxide films was investigated. Good optical quality and performance were noticed, which makes these thin films worthy of integration into metamaterial structures. Keywords: magnetron sputtering

• structural characteristics allows us to clearly point out the need to use these materials in metamaterial structures. The novelty of this study is the acquisition of high-performance structural and optical properties of oxide materials deposited by rfMS under optimized conditions. These oxide materials can

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• in order to deal with foreign cells. Quantum dots have unique optical properties that are used in biological imaging [147][148][149][150]. They are also known for their size-dependent cytotoxicity [151][152]. Silkworms were subjected to doses of 32 mM of CdTe QDs, 1 µg/µL of citric acid–nitrogen

• graphitic structure enhanced its electrical conductivity [162]. Graphene has excellent electrical conductivity, optical properties, and mechanical strength [163][164][165][166], and these traits were conferred to the silk fibers. It was also indicated that silkworms fed with a lower concentration (0.2 wt