Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• compartments, such as the nucleus, filopodia, and focal adhesions, resulting in the modulation of signal cascades that leads to changes in cell proliferation, attachment, orientation, and differentiation, among others [2]. In nerve tissue engineering, the implant micro- and nanotopography serve as physical

• ), indicating dominance of the nanostructure properties in this direction. In contrast, the CA values were higher and remained quite close to each other in magnitude even after O2 plasma treatment, signifying the dominance of the microgroove properties in this orientation. Despite the relatively high CA

A multi-resistance wide-range calibration sample for conductive probe atomic force microscopy measurements

• François Piquemal,
• Khaled Kaja,
• Pascal Chrétien,
• José Morán-Meza,
• Frédéric Houzé,
• Christian Ulysse and
• Abdelmounaim Harouri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1141–1148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.94

• ambient air. A DC bias voltage of 1 V was applied to the sample, while the scanning speed was set to 12 µm·s−1 and the scan orientation was parallel to the cantilever’s central axis. The resistance map in Figure 2 was acquired over the central zone of the sample, showing 15 electrode arms corresponding to

• -AFM measurements in scanning mode. To extract quantitative values comparable to those listed in Table 1, the surface of each electrode was individually imaged at different locations using the same operating parameters, that is, scan speed, scan orientation, applied force, and bias voltage. A histogram

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• results show that the Au-fcc borders the Ge(001) surface, whereas a preferred hcp crystal orientation is when the Au(010) plane, or Au() in the Miller–Bravais notation, is parallel to the Ge(111) plane. An atomistic model of the planar interface between Au-fcc and Ge(001) was also proposed. First

• Au lattice constants and three Ge blocks (the resulting mismatch is about 4%). To get benchmark results for this orientation of crystal planes, we consider two different mutual positions of the slabs presented in Figure 6a and Figure 6b. In variant A, rows of gold atoms are placed between the rows of

• interface shown in Figure 6d. In order to match the experimental picture, we need a different orientation of the germanium building blocks (rotation by 90° with respect to variant C). Due to incommensurate Au–Au and Ge–Ge distances, it is impossible to find a regular pattern of Au–Ge bonds in the resulting

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• crystallites, as random sequences of molecules including the DPE monomer (which locally changes chain orientation) would prevent neighboring molecules from forming cohesive extended crystals. This would lead to a mixture of ordered and disordered subdomains with varying alignment, as schematized in Figure 9

• aligned with the fiber axis with significant fibril branching, junctions, and weaving in and out of the exposed surface. Combining topography maps with stiffness maps, we find that locally elevated regions exhibit higher stiffness, regardless of scanning direction, orientation with the fiber axis, or the

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• the removal of linkers and catalytic agents, which results in low yield and poor reproducibility, and the random orientation of antibodies on the NP surfaces, resulting in a low accessibility of antigen binding sites [62]. Binding by adapter molecules Non-covalent conjugation via adapter molecules

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• the molecular arrangement and orientation. Among the non-covalent interactions, dispersion interactions that derive from alkyl chain units are believed to be weak. However, alkyl chains play an important role in the adsorption onto substrates, as well as in the in-plane intermolecular interactions. In

• and in real time [38][39][40][41][42]. In the 2D assemblies at the solid/liquid interface, non-covalent interactions play an essential role in the molecular orientation and arrangement. Among the intermolecular interactions, directional and relatively strong interactions, such as hydrogen bonding

• aromatic units. Generally, dispersion forces are interpreted as non-directional interactions. However, the interaction between HOPG and alkyl chains causes directional orientation because of the epitaxy defined by the threefold symmetric axis of the HOPG lattice, that is, alkyl chains align along the HOPG

Ultralow-energy amorphization of contaminated silicon samples investigated by molecular dynamics

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 834–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.68

• surface. The velocity vector of the Ar atoms is always parallel to the [010] direction, and it will vary with respect to the [100] direction. For an optimal visualization of the sample structure, most of the images are taken facing the (110) orientation since the lattice is more easily understood using

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• pattern.) The intensity of the measured (100) peak is obviously weaker than that of the standard peak, but the height of the (210) peak is noticeably stronger. This indicates the presence of a strong preferred orientation in the sample, although it has been properly powdered. When the temperature was

• properties [17][22]. Considering the correlation between the oxygen atomic position and the preferred orientation of the sample, here, we measured the diameter of the octahedra tunnel, which is approximately equivalent to the spacing of diagonally opposite Mo atoms, as illustrated in Figure 5c, rather than

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• with it and lowering its effectiveness [39][40][41]. The shift of the fluorescence spectrum to longer wavelengths with respect to the excitation spectrum is called the Stokes shift. Fluorescence relaxation processes are all spin-neutral (spin-allowed), and the electron’s spin orientation is always

• (acceptor) within 10 nm in a non-radiative manner. In general, the degree of overlap between the fluorophore’s fluorescence emission spectrum and the analyte’s absorption spectrum, the relative orientation of the fluorophore and analyte dipoles, and the distance between them affect the rate of energy

Thermal transport in kinked nanowires through simulation

• Alexander N. Robillard,
• Graham W. Gibson and
• Ralf Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 586–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.49

• detailed look is taken at the nature of heat flux within said systems. The effects of the kink angle are found to be complex, influenced by multiple factors including crystal orientation, details of transport modelling, and the ratio of mean free path to characteristic system lengths. The effect of varying

• to thermal transport, as well as a phonon Monte Carlo (PMC) simulation [26][27][28][29]. MD results will additionally be investigated for effects of lattice orientation in the wires and compared to a simple theoretical investigation of the LoS in these wires. The MD and PMC results cover different

• solutions of the heat equation serves to better bridge the gap between heat transport phenomena at the macro- and the microscale and shows that multiple factors are significant in kinked systems beyond disruption of ballistic paths, including lattice orientation and phonon reflections. Results and

SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms

• Magdalena A. Zając,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Łukasz Gutowski,
• Jan L. Weyher and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 552–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.46

• relative to the axis of the pillars. The observed effect can be associated with the initial orientation of GaN pillars to the plasma plume (Figure 1); pillars are under some angle to the plasma plume. This effect is similar to the one observed during the growth of thin metal films in oblique angle

The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• the tarsus orientation. The optical appearance of the scale system of Ae. albopictus has a complex nature and can be explained by the combination of several effects. Among them, multiple refraction and reflection on the micro- and nanostructures of the scales are mainly responsible for the white

• nanostructures of the scales on the tarsi of Ae. albopictus appears bright and is angle-dependent since the reflected light changes according to the angle detection and according to the tarsus orientation (from the proximal direction, from the distal direction, and perpendicular to the tarsus main axis). Optical

• reflection from a single scale. The variation in the scale orientation at the level of one scale and between neighbouring scales is responsible for the strong small-angle scattering and for the absence of the prominent specular reflection. The scales are tilted with respect to the surface and directed

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• presence of both magnetic and mechanical degrees of freedom of the particles [17][22][23]. Meanwhile, in a biological environment, the rotation of magnetic nanoparticles as a whole under the action of ac magnetic field is strongly hindered [24], so that the spatial orientation of nanoparticles in

• in a sufficiently strong dc field is absent, since magnetization reversal of nanoparticles is impossible. Hdc is perpendicular to Hac Let us now consider the case of perpendicular orientation of the external dc and the ac magnetic fields. The dc magnetic field changes in this case in the range Hdc

• above, a dc magnetic field is capable of both suppressing and increasing the SAR of an assembly, depending on the magnitude and relative orientation of the ac and dc magnetic fields, while the characteristic diameter of the magnetic nanoparticles is also important. In this section, as an example of a

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• , as well as to (depending on the orientation of the applied field with respect to the induced fields in the nanoparticle and the substrate) increase or decrease in the absorption intensity [49][50][51]. It follows from the discussion that considerable effects to the plasmon resonance are affected by

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• stabilizes the favorable orientation of histidine. Then a nucleophilic attack by serine on the Si–O bond of the precursor molecule results in a Ser–O–Si(OR)3 transitory complex. The hydrolysis is completed by the addition of water, separating the protein and the hydrolyzed precursor molecule, and the release

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• resultant well-organized orientation of functional groups in CyD-based nanoarchitectures, should be very appropriate to yield both stable encapsulation of nucleic acid drugs and their prompt release when needed. 3.1 CyD-based nanoarchitectures for delivery of siRNA The therapeutic nucleic acid siRNA is

• CyD molecules are arranged in a predetermined position (and orientation) by molecular imprinting. Thus, their assembly as a whole binds the large drug strongly and selectively. Many CyD-based carriers of drugs were prepared by means of this methodology and used for DDSs [111]. For example, ʟ-DOPA was

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• estimate the influence of the disturbances in the atomic arrangement inside the crystal lattice, in the destruction and fragmentation zones of spin orientation inside the material, and overall magnetization of the sample. Description and Conditions of the Numerical Experiment The structure and magnetic

• the crystal lattice of magnets largely determine the type and shape of the resulting magnetic anisotropy. In ferromagnets, magnetic anisotropy is characterized by the magnitude and orientation of the magnetization, as well as by the change in the magnetic energy of the material. The main causes of

• clarity, so that the orientation of individual atom spins could be easily traced. Subsequently, the two selected systems were exposed to an external magnetic field with induction Bext = 1.0 T in the ox axis direction (along the nanofilm surface for the real structure variant) for 100 ps. The result of the

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• seen that the predominant peaks are (222) and (400), which are the preferred orientations before and after laser annealing. The intensities of the crystallite peaks orientation increased and attained a maximum at 200 mJ. The crystallite size (D) and the dislocation density (δ) were determined from the

• size obtained by XRD analysis. Figure 4 shows the correlation between the grain size evolution and crystallite size corresponding to the (400) orientation. This variation is due to the rearrangement of the crystallites during the laser annealing of the IM bilayer thin film structure. Moreover, both

• analyses show that the ITO/Mo has a polycrystalline structure. As well, it can be seen from the grain size analysis that the energy of 120 mJ gives the highest grain size and good crystallinity because most of the orientation of the crystallites appears in the XRD results. Figure 5 shows the optical

From a free electron gas to confined states: A mixed island of PTCDA and copper phthalocyanine on Ag(111)

• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Emily Roche and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1572–1577, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.131

• from SPA-LEED and STM experiments [25]. As reported previously [16], the PTCDA molecules within a given phase all have the same orientation. The lower lobes of the CuPc molecules appear brighter, which might be an indication that the CuPc molecules do not lie flat in this configuration. This would be

• orientation of the PTCDA molecules can be verified by acquiring dI/dV spectra at −0.39 V, which is an energy level corresponding to the localized LUMO level [27], which we refer to as the F-LUMO. The F-LUMO state (although not obviously present in Figure 2b as a local maximum in the spectrum) can be clearly

Single-step extraction of small-diameter single-walled carbon nanotubes in the presence of riboflavin

• Polina M. Kalachikova,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Eldar M. Khabushev,
• Timofei V. Eremin,
• Timofei S. Zatsepin,
• Elena D. Obraztsova,
• Konstantin V. Larionov,
• Liubov Yu. Antipina,
• Pavel B. Sorokin and
• Albert G. Nasibulin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1564–1571, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.130

• riboflavin assembly (Figure 5b), different bonding patterns are observed depending on the mutual orientation of the adjacent isoalloxazine moieties. The strength of bonding between neighboring riboflavin molecules is proportional to the type of riboflavin helix around a particular SWCNT. The yield of

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• forms a porous structure. There is a disparity in the particle sizes measured with SEM and XRD, because the particle sizes detected using these two techniques are not in the same orientation, and the terms "particle size" and "crystal size" refer to different concepts (a particle may contain several or

Bending and punching characteristics of aluminum sheets using the quasi-continuum method

• Man-Ping Chang,
• Shang-Jui Lin and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.108

• -continuum (QC) method. Four variables (i.e., crystal orientation, workpiece thickness, clearance between the punch and the substrate, and the taper angle of punch) are used to explore their effect during the nano-punching process. The shear stress distribution is used to express the punching effect on the

• punch and on both sides of the substrates. Besides, fracture strength, residual flash, and the atomic displacement vector are observed and discussed regarding the behaviors of the nano-punching process under various conditions. Based on the results, the Al workpiece with the X[111]Y[−110] orientation

• strength at a specific structural orientation [51]. Besides, Tran et al. studied the friction and scratch characteristics of pure aluminum by the QC method. The bump width to the bump pitch (W/P) value, scratch depth, surface roughness, and indenter radius were set as variables in order to explore the

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• ). Detailed analysis of the SAED patterns, acquired along the [−1−20] zone axis, using CrysTBox software [22][23] demonstrates that the roll-like nanostructure is crystalline. The one-dimensional nanostructure has the trigonal crystal structure of bulk Te, growing in the [001] orientation (indicated by a

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• too low. Scanning electron micrograph of electrospun nanofibers. One can see the random orientation of the individual fibers forming a kind of mesh. Peel-off force measurement of polished (a) and LIPSS-covered (b) steel samples. The applied weights and hence the normal forces are equal in panels (a

Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials

• Arbresha Muriqi and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103

• the origin of the different thicknesses of EG–titanicone and GL–titanicone films observed in experimental work. We find that EG and GL coupled with TiCl4 can orient in a flat lying configuration on anatase while on rutile, the preferred orientation is upright. When combined with Ti(DMA)4, EG and GL

• orientation of GL when deposited on Si surfaces, DFT shows that the desired upright orientation of GL could be energetically favourable on a rutile TiO2 surface and this provides motivation to develop a lower temperature rutile TiO2/TiCl4–GL process where higher growth per cycle could be achieved. We note

• important role on the orientation of the organic species. The Ti–O distances to the EG and GL in the upright and flat lying configurations are presented in Table S3 (Supporting Information File 1). The computed distances show that the Ti–O bond to the molecules does not change significantly when EG and GL