A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• carried out by DPV measurements based on redox reactions of the gold NPs in the nanoprobe/target/P2 complex. Characterization of gold–magnetic NPs The size and morphology of all the produced NPs were investigated using TEM. The synthesized uncoated Fe3O4 NPs with an average diameter of 10 nm can be

In situ formation of reduced graphene oxide structures in ceria by combined sol–gel and solvothermal processing

• Jingxia Yang,
• Johannes Ofner,
• Bernhard Lendl and
• Ulrich Schubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1815–1821, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.174

• –gel processing, by which the rGO structures and the catalytic activity were enhanced. Keywords: ceria; CO oxidation; graphene oxide; sol–gel processing; Introduction Ceria (CeO2) has been widely studied as catalyst or catalyst support for redox reactions owing to its high oxygen storage and release

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• candidates for homogeneous-phase electron transfer processes [150][151]. POMs can be used in synthesis of metallic NPs, since their solubility in water and capability for participating in multi-electron redox reactions without structural changes [152]. Zhang et al. studied the capability of the mixed-valence

Light-powered, artificial molecular pumps: a minimalistic approach

• Giulio Ragazzon,
• Massimo Baroncini,
• Serena Silvi,
• Margherita Venturi and
• Alberto Credi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2096–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.214

• the first example of an artificial molecular pump operated by light. A pseudorotaxane-based supramolecular pump operated by redox reactions in solution was recently reported [23][24]; this system, however, is not autonomous and consumes chemical fuels. The scope of this article is to introduce the

• energy input; the same applies to the transformation from state 2 to 1, whose energy input should be alternated with the previous one so that the system can work cyclically. Such transformations can be caused by pH changes obtained by addition of acids and bases, or by redox reactions performed by adding

Effect of SiN_x diffusion barrier thickness on the structural properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ films obtained by sol–gel dip coating and reactive magnetron sputtering

• Mohamed Nawfal Ghazzal,
• Eric Aubry,
• Nouari Chaoui and
• Didier Robert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2039–2045, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.207

• , and redox reactions with species present on the surface takes place. This leads to the rapid formation of radical species (O2•−, HO2•, HO•), followed by a rapid degradation of the OII dye. For the MS-TiO2 system, once the SiNx diffusion barrier has been intercalated between the TiO2 film and the SLG

Temperature-dependent breakdown of hydrogen peroxide-treated ZnO and TiO₂ nanoparticle agglomerates

• Sinan Sabuncu and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1897–1903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.193

• peroxide as a product of oxidative metabolism processes. It is considered to be a dangerous product to living systems due to its possible damage to genetic material. In chemistry, it is used as an oxidizer in several reactions, such as decomposition, redox reactions, alkalinity and formation of peroxide

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• oxidoreductase family of enzymes is an important class of enzymes that catalyze redox reactions. They are well-adapted for the construction of electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors for many applications such as blood sugar level measurement, phenol oxidation, and the detection of pesticides and herbicides [36

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• ]. A recent theoretical study even suggests that disulfide bonds are affected by redox reactions without electron transfer [37]. A further prominent example of NP-associated catalytic activity are iron-catalyzed reactions such as the Fenton reaction [39] and others [10][11] that have been widely

Kelvin probe force microscopy in liquid using electrochemical force microscopy

• Liam Collins,
• Stephen Jesse,
• Jason I. Kilpatrick,
• Alexander Tselev,
• M. Baris Okatan,
• Sergei V. Kalinin and
• Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 201–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.19

• electrocatalytic activity of HOPG for many redox reactions in comparison to Au, as was previously demonstrated in Figure 1e. Mapping local electrochemical reactivity using EcFM Finally, the different electrochemical properties of HOPG and Au are leveraged to assess the spatial variability in the EcFM response for

Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates

• Hugo Pinto and
• Alexander Markevich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1842–1848, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.195

• doping of graphene occurs when certain surface adsorbates participate in electrochemical redox reactions in which graphene plays the role of an electrode. Such reactions occur spontaneously if the total Gibbs free energy is negative and the diffusion and reaction barriers are sufficiently low for the

• toluene molecules, which indicates the absence of electronic doping [41]. The doping effects in the above cases are instead attributed to electrochemical redox reactions occurring in aqueous layers at the graphene interface [41]. The p-doping induced by humid atmosphere occurs via a redox reaction

• shifts the resistance peak to negative Vg showing that toluene acts as n-type dopant on graphene, Figure 8b. It is worth emphasizing that redox reactions are slow and thus graphene needs to be exposed to toluene for long periods of about 1 h for a doping effect to be seen. Furthermore, hysteresis is

Non-covalent and reversible functionalization of carbon nanotubes

• Antonello Di Crescenzo,
• Valeria Ettorre and
• Antonella Fontana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1675–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.178

• mainly used for dispersion in aqueous solutions. The possibility of processing CNTs with the use of proper dispersing agents and/or to control their bundling through external stimuli such as pH, temperature, redox reactions or light irradiation, thanks to the reversibility of non-covalent

Nanocavity crossbar arrays for parallel electrochemical sensing on a chip

• Enno Kätelhön,
• Dirk Mayer,
• Marko Banzet,
• Andreas Offenhäusser and
• Bernhard Wolfrum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1137–1143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.124

• ; redox cycling; Introduction Redox cycling represents a powerful method for the detection of analytes that can participate in repeated redox reactions [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Sensors typically use two electrodes that are located in close proximity to each other and can be biased individually. During

• operation one electrode is set to a potential above the redox potential E0 of the analyte under investigation, while the other electrode is set below this potential. Molecules can repeatedly participate in subsequent redox reactions at the electrodes, hence forming a current across the gap. This current can

Functionalized nanostructures for enhanced photocatalytic performance under solar light

• Liejin Guo,
• Dengwei Jing,
• Maochang Liu,
• Yubin Chen,
• Shaohua Shen,
• Jinwen Shi and
• Kai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 994–1004, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.113

• } facets as the reactive surfaces can accelerate the redox reactions. Therefore, nanosheet-based AgSbO3 photocatalysts showed a 1.8 times higher initial O2 evolution rate than AgSbO3 photocatalysts without the hierarchical structure under visible-light irradiation. Besides facet control, microstructure

Growth and characterization of CNT–TiO₂ heterostructures

• Yucheng Zhang,
• Ivo Utke,
• Johann Michler,
• Gabriele Ilari,
• Marta D. Rossell and
• Rolf Erni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 946–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.108

• illustrated in Figure 1. Hoffmann et al. have proposed that electrons and holes are generated in TiO2 after absorption of photons, and CNTs act as an electron scavenger due to their high electron storage capacity and conductivity, so that excessive holes are generated on the surface of TiO2 for redox

• reactions [12]. Alternatively, Wang et al. propose that electrons and holes are generated in the semiconducting CNTs, which act as a sensitizer [9]. The electrons are injected into the conduction band of TiO2 to form superoxide radicals and the holes into the valence band of TiO2 to form hydroxyl radicals

Effect of contaminations and surface preparation on the work function of single layer MoS₂

• Oliver Ochedowski,
• Kolyo Marinov,
• Nils Scheuschner,
• Artur Poloczek,
• Benedict Kleine Bussmann,
• Janina Maultzsch and
• Marika Schleberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 291–297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.32

• likely to be detrimental to the performance of SLM devices [53]. For graphene and MoS2 it has been shown, that adsorbates due to ambient exposure can have a strong impact on the work function of these materials, like inducing an additional charge transfer or even redox reactions with water [29][54]. In

Structural and electronic properties of oligo- and polythiophenes modified by substituents

• Simon P. Rittmeyer and
• Axel Groß

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 909–919, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.101

• chemist’s terminology one might call these processes redox reactions, whereas from a physicist’s point of view one would more likely call them n- and p-doping, respectively, to stress the analogy to the doping processes in traditional semiconducting materials such as silicon. Hence, neutral polymers, which

Enhanced visible light photocatalysis through fast crystallization of zinc oxide nanorods

• Sunandan Baruah,
• Mohammad Abbas Mahmood,
• Myo Tay Zar Myint,
• Tanujjal Bora and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 14–20, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.3

• semiconductor undergo redox reactions with molecules adsorbed onto the surface, thereby breaking them into smaller fragments. Photocatalysis with metal-oxide-semiconductor nanostructures has been an area of intense research over the last couple of decades with titania (TiO2) receiving the most attention [1][2

• surface defects play an important role in the photocatalytic activity of metal-oxide nanostructures, as the contaminant molecules need to be adsorbed on to the photocatalytic surface for the redox reactions to occur. The higher the effective surface area, the higher will be the adsorption of target