Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

• Fabian Herzog,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Sandor Balog,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Matthias Epple,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

• . Therefore, it can be assumed that the amount of free silver ions (i.e., neither precipitated nor complexed by proteins) from silver nanoparticles in biological media is small, in any case smaller than during dissolution in pure water [66]. Conclusion The exposure of Ag NPs at the air–liquid interface

Injection of ligand-free gold and silver nanoparticles into murine embryos does not impact pre-implantation development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wiebke Garrels,
• Annette Barchanski,
• Svea Peterson,
• Laszlo Sajti,
• Andrea Lucas-Hahn,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Ulrich Baulain,
• Sabine Klein,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 677–688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.80

• to the cytotoxicity of silver ions [42]. In order to exclude any cross-effects of stabilizers or reducing agents, which are difficult to exclude in precursor-based chemically produced gold and silver nanoparticles, the particles for this study were synthesized by laser ablation of a bulk solid target

• Ag+-ions resulted in an immediate arrest of development (Figure 3C). Silver ions were included in the dose study by adding 25 µM of AgNO3 to the culture medium, which is equivalent to approximately 50% of the Ag mass concentration inside the AgNP injected blastomere – given that 10 pL of a 463 µM [50

• for a protective mechanism can possibly be drawn from a control experiment performed in the course of the current trial. Since the toxicity of silver nanoparticles is to a large extend attributable to silver ions dissolving from nanomaterial compounds [77], we controlled this effect by co-incubating

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

• Nadine Haberl,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Alexander Wenk,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
• Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

• metabolization of silver ions. Thus, the dissolution of AgNP and release of silver ions as well as the subsequent biochemical transformations are an important issue in AgNP toxicity [27]. However, most of the information available about the mechanisms of AgNP toxicity has been derived from in vitro studies. The

• were not due to a high AgNP dose per epithelial cell or alveolar macrophage, but are in good agreement with the toxicity mechanisms of dissolved Ag ions described above. Another crucial point in the discussion about the toxicity of AgNP is the release of silver ions. Kittler and co-workers noted that

• the rate of the dissolution of AgNP depends on the surface functionalization, concentration and temperature [37]. They found an increasing toxicity to human mesenchymal stem cells during the storage of AgNP solutions, explained by the increasing release of silver ions over time. The authors emphasized

Photocatalytic antibacterial performance of TiO₂ and Ag-doped TiO₂ against S. aureus. P. aeruginosa and E. coli

• Kiran Gupta,
• R. P. Singh,
• Ashutosh Pandey and
• Anjana Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 345–351, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.40

• photocatalytic efficiency [8][9]. However, silver nanoparticles have prospective applications including biosensing, biodiagnostics, optical fibers, and antimicrobial and photocatalytic uses. Silver ions are known to cause denaturation of proteins present in bacterial cell walls and slow down bacterial growth [5

• ]. The simplest photocatalytic mechanism of silver ions is that it may take part in catalytic oxidation reactions between oxygen molecules in the cell and hydrogen atoms of thiol groups, i.e., two thiol groups become covalently bonded to one another through disulfide bonds (R–S–S–R), which leads to

• not found with gold nanoparticles [12]. Previously, it was observed that doping of a TiO2 matrix with silver ions moved the absorption to a longer wavelength, i.e., to the visible region in comparison with pure TiO2, due to the change in electronic and optical properties of TiO2 [13]. On the other

Parallel- and serial-contact electrochemical metallization of monolayer nanopatterns: A versatile synthetic tool en route to bottom-up assembly of electric nanocircuits

• Jonathan Berson,
• Assaf Zeira,
• Rivka Maoz and
• Jacob Sagiv

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 134–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.14

• larger metal grain [52] is, thus, not possible unless a critical number of silver atoms are simultaneously generated through the reduction of an equal number of closely located silver ions. This can be accomplished at a target surface covered by a silver-binding monolayer such as OTSeo, in which the

• pristine OTS surface is not possible because of the very low probability of nucleation and growth of metal grains on such a surface devoid of ion-binding functions [53]. Since the local concentration of hydrated silver ions in solution in front of an OTS monolayer should be much lower than that of Ag+ ions