Surface engineering of nanoporous substrate for solid oxide fuel cells with atomic layer-deposited electrolyte

• Sanghoon Ji,
• Waqas Hassan Tanveer,
• Wonjong Yu,
• Sungmin Kang,
• Gu Young Cho,
• Sung Han Kim,
• Jihwan An and
• Suk Won Cha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1805–1810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.184

• research on ways to enlarge the active cell area. In this regard, the use of scalable and porous substrates is one of the ways, among which anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membranes are considered as prospective substrates due to their compatible thermal expansion properties with ceramic electrolytes, low

Towards multifunctional inorganic materials: biopolymeric templates

• Claudia Steinem and
• Joachim Bill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1698–1699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.172

• multifunctional properties may be severely limited because of the mismatch between the thermal expansion coefficients of the different components. This is also an issue in the combination of inorganic components with temperature sensitive materials, which is limited or even impossible. In contrast to the

A scanning probe microscope for magnetoresistive cantilevers utilizing a nested scanner design for large-area scans

• Tobias Meier,
• Alexander Förste,
• Ali Tavassolizadeh,
• Karsten Rott,
• Dirk Meyners,
• Roland Gröger,
• Günter Reiss,
• Eckhard Quandt,
• Thomas Schimmel and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 451–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.46

• , optical read-outs have to be readjusted not only after every cantilever exchange but also after temperature drifts which can offset the focal position of the laser and photo-detector due to thermal expansion. Additionally, the optical read-out can influence the cantilevers deflection by photothermal

Manganese oxide phases and morphologies: A study on calcination temperature and atmospheric dependence

• Matthias Augustin,
• Daniela Fenske,
• Ingo Bardenhagen,
• Anne Westphal,
• Martin Knipper,
• Thorsten Plaggenborg,
• Joanna Kolny-Olesiak and
• Jürgen Parisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 47–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.6

• for 350 min. The powder sample was placed on a corundum sample holder. During the measurement the thermal expansion was corrected automatically. The measurements were performed in an O2 flow. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were carried out with a Netzsch

Silicon and germanium nanocrystals: properties and characterization

• Ivana Capan,
• Alexandra Carvalho and
• José Coutinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1787–1794, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.189

• stable than SiO2, which leads to a higher concentration of defect states [23]. Moreover, the high difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of Ge and SiO2 and the large lattice constant of Ge results in mechanical stress in the system [25]. However, due to the lower binding energy of Ge atoms

On the structure of grain/interphase boundaries and interfaces

• K. Anantha Padmanabhan and
• Herbert Gleiter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1603–1615, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.172

• are significant [31]. In addition, the average thermal expansion of grain boundaries is 2.5–5 times that of the crystalline grain interior. A purely geometrical model cannot account for such a differential change with temperature [32]. The effect of pressure is also significant. The PΔV term causes

Organic and inorganic–organic thin film structures by molecular layer deposition: A review

• Pia Sundberg and
• Maarit Karppinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1104–1136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.123

• between ALD-grown Al2O3 and a Teflon substrate, it was noticed that the stress caused by the difference in the coefficient of thermal expansion between the coating and the substrate was significantly reduced, preventing the cracking of the Al2O3 coating [96]. The first zincones were fabricated by

Impact of thermal frequency drift on highest precision force microscopy using quartz-based force sensors at low temperatures

• Florian Pielmeier,
• Daniel Meuer,
• Daniel Schmid,
• Christoph Strunk and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 407–412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.48

• f0 is not increasing monotonically with T but shows a local minimum around 20 K [19]. This resembles qualitatively the temperature dependence of the Grüneisen parameter γ, which relates thermal expansion to vibrational properties [20]. The calculated values for γ show a maximum around 30 K decreasing

• sharply to lower temperatures and gradually to higher ones [20][21]. Additionally the anisotropic thermal expansion coefficients of quartz, α|| and , parallel and perpendicular to the optical axis also show a non linear behavior with temperature [22]. Here, increases monotonically with T, whereas α|| is

• dimensions of the beam or vs changes due to thermal expansion. The orientation of the beams of the quartz sensors deviate slightly from a perpendicular orientation to the optical axis (z-axis, Figure 1). This is due to the crystal cut, which is not exactly along the optical axis, but off by about 2° (+2° X

Novel composite Zr/PBI-O-PhT membranes for HT-PEFC applications

• Mikhail S. Kondratenko,
• Igor I. Ponomarev,
• Marat O. Gallyamov,
• Dmitry Y. Razorenov,
• Yulia A. Volkova,
• Elena P. Kharitonova and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 481–492, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.57

• time, demonstrate excellent mechanical stability in a temperature range of 20–190 °C, which is confirmed by TMA results presented in Figure 6 and Figure 7. The thermal expansion under constant load is smooth and can be reproduced well for several repeated heating/cooling cycles for all samples (Figure

•  6). The thermal expansion coefficient calculated from TMA data as presented in Figure 7 is positive and has similar values for the reference samples and the composites with 0.75 wt % loading of Zr precursors. Composite membranes with 2 wt % Zr(acac)4 have a higher crosslinking degree resulting in a

• higher stiffness and a higher thermal expansion coefficient (Figure 7). Fuel cells with all types of the Zr/PBI-O-PhT composite membranes demonstrate an enhanced performance in comparison to the pristine reference PBI-O-PhT membrane (Figure 8). High open-circuit voltages of about 900–930 mV indicate a

Micro- and nanoscale electrical characterization of large-area graphene transferred to functional substrates

• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Patrick Fiorenza,
• Raffaella Lo Nigro,
• Fabrizio Roccaforte,
• Cristina Tudisco,
• Guido G. Condorelli,
• Nicolò Piluso,
• Noemi Spartà,
• Stella Lo Verso,
• Corrado Accardi,
• Cristina Tringali,
• Sebastiano Ravesi and
• Filippo Giannazzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 234–242, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.24

• graphene on Cu (as already shown in Figure 1d). Corrugations in as-grown graphene originate from the cooling-down step of the CVD process, due to the different thermal expansion coefficients between graphene and Cu. However, some of the wrinkles can also be produced during the transfer process to the

Functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

• Eloise Van Hooijdonk,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Rony Snyders and
• Jean-François Colomer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 129–152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.14

• curing was employed. This device has an ultrasmall coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), good mechanical load transfer, and good phonon transport across the interface. The control of the CNT orientation within the polymer matrix (PM) and the control of the interaction between both components are of

Revealing thermal effects in the electronic transport through irradiated atomic metal point contacts

• Bastian Kopp,
• Zhiwei Yi,
• Daniel Benner,
• Fang-Qing Xie,
• Christian Obermair,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Paul Leiderer and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 703–711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.80

• and interpretation of the charge transport it is therefore essential to take these phenomena into account. As an obvious example, incident photons can give rise to a local increase in temperature, resulting in thermal expansion, thermovoltage, and resistance change in the leads. The effect of thermal

• expansion on a laser-irradiated metallic nanocontact has been demonstrated already some time ago in scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) experiments [19][20]. Upon irradiating the STM tip with a short laser pulse, the junction resistance was observed to be drastically reduced due to the expansion of the tip

Probing three-dimensional surface force fields with atomic resolution: Measurement strategies, limitations, and artifact reduction

• Mehmet Z. Baykara,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren,
• Todd C. Schwendemann,
• Harry Mönig,
• Eric I. Altman and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 637–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.73

• ) experiments suffer from unwanted relative movement of sample and probe tip with respect to each other during imaging and force spectroscopy, as a result of thermal fluctuations and the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of the building blocks of scanning probe microscopes. Considering that the

Infrared receptors in pyrophilous (“fire loving”) insects as model for new un-cooled infrared sensors

• David Klocke,
• Anke Schmitz,
• Helmut Soltner,
• Herbert Bousack and
• Helmut Schmitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 186–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.22

• are presented, which permits the calculation of the pressure increase in the cavity, the deformation of the membrane and the time constant of an artificial leak to compensate ambient temperature changes. Some organic liquids with high thermal expansion coefficients may improve the deflection of the

• radiation. In a way not described in detail, the resulting thermal expansion of the cuticular sphere is measured by the mechanoreceptor. (ii) Assuming the presence of a large air-filled cavity inside the sphere, Evans [19] proposed in a second model that IR radiation enters this cavity by a small apical

• of the mechanosensitive neuron inside the inner core in a liquid-filled chamber. Most probably, IR radiation absorbed by the proteins, the chitin fibres, and the water of the sensillum heats up the sphere, which immediately causes thermal expansion especially of the liquid inside the microfluidic