Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• would be extremely beneficial. This would allow, for example, for the tailoring of artificial tissues to the type of stimuli associated with specific types of activities, such as job-related mechanical vibrations at different frequencies, sports-related accelerations, and other ergonomic factors

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• higher than 5% had been added [33][51]. Figure 4b shows the FTIR spectra of g-C3N4, MgO, and MgO@g-C3N4. For pure g-C3N4, the broad peak in the range of 3000–3600 cm−1 was attributed to the stretching vibrations of N–H and O–H bonds, indicating the existence of amino groups and adsorbed water molecules

• in the material [32][52]. The characteristic peaks at 1240, 1320, 1407, and 1465 cm−1 were associated with the stretching vibrations of aromatic C–N bonds, and the typical peaks at 1562 and 1642 cm−1 characterize the presence of C=O bonds [53][54]. In addition, the characteristic peak at 810 cm−1

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• vibrations may cause a wiggling motion of the slider of the size δ away from the supporting shear piezo stack (Figure 5b), which will translate into a later motion of δ/2 (Figure 5c). This is much smaller than the mechanically amplified motion of occuring in the classical stacked xy-motor design depicted in

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

Analytical and numerical design of a hybrid Fabry–Perot plano-concave microcavity for hexagonal boron nitride

• Felipe Ortiz-Huerta and
• Karina Garay-Palmett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1030–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.90

• of arbitrary solid-state SPEs [28]. Although novel approaches have been realized to diminish vibrations for open-access Fabry–Perot microcavities inside a cryostat system [29], in our design, the plano-concave microcavity is integrated directly to the substrate containing the SPE and, therefore

• , there are no moving parts that could potentially diminish the Purcell factor of a pre-selected SPE due to vibrations in cavity length [30], although detuning of the selected mode, due to thermally-induced contraction of the polymer by cooling [12], must be taken into account if the desired SPE and the

Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

• Grégoire R. N. Defoort-Levkov,
• Alan Bahm and
• Patrick Philipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86

• potential well in the order of a few meV, which makes it rather difficult for the fit to precisely match the well. However, this is not problematic as the potential well is in the order of magnitude of thermal vibrations and its impact on the outcome of the simulations is small. The fits match the repulsive

• for more details). The 0.94 < µ < 1 interval describes a region where no defects are present. Changes in µ are due to variations in bond length coming from thermal vibrations around the equilibrium bond length. This region is crystalline. The 0.89 < µ < 0.94 interval describes regions that contain

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• /TiO2-NT nanocomposites all exhibit three apparent absorption bands at approx. 555, 736, and 1077 cm−1, which are indexed to the stretching vibrations of Bi−O and W−O covalent bonds and to the bridge stretching vibration of the W−O−W bond in the Bi2WO6 phase, respectively [38]. All the FTIR spectra of

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• composition of the electrolyte were optimized to increase the deoxygenation of the GO sheet during ERGO formation. Figure 1B depicts three significant Raman peaks of GO at 1350 cm−1 for the D band (associated with defects in the sp2 lattice), 1596 cm−1 for the G band (due to vibrations of the hexagonal

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Tuyet Nhung Pham,
• Anh-Tuan Le,
• Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
• Tran Quang Huy and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

• , whereas the solubility of BBR NPs was significantly enhanced. The chemical characteristics of BBR and BBR NPs were analyzed through FTIR spectroscopy (Figure 2). In the FTIR spectrum of glycerol (Figure 2a), the absorption band appearing at 3287 cm−1 is characteristic for stretching vibrations of the –OH

• group. The two bands with maxima at 2934 and 2880 cm−1 are ascribed to symmetrical and asymmetrical –CH2 vibrations. The band at 1032 cm−1 is attributed to C–H deformation vibrations and C–C stretching vibrations. In the FTIR spectrum of pure BBR (Figure 2c), an intense broad band at 3414 cm−1 appeared

• because of O–H stretching vibrations of moisture in the samples. A weak absorption band at 2844 cm−1 was assigned to the stretching vibrations of the methoxy group (–O–CH3) [37]. In addition, the peak at 1633 cm−1 characterized the C=N+ double bond in the molecular structure of BBR. Characteristic peaks

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• 1527 cm−1 are assigned to the C–C and N–C stretching vibrations of the isoindole ring [34][35]. The 746 cm−1 vibrational mode originates from the metal-bound N–M stretching vibration, and the 1138 cm−1 mode is attributed to the deformation of the isoindole ring system [36]. The Raman enhancement factor

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• immobilized on the surface of GNPs. Rh6G2 peaks at 1640 and 1072 cm−1 were found on GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2, which were ascribed to C=N and C–N stretching vibrations. The peak intensity was also more obviously enhanced than that of GNPs-GSH, indicating that GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 has been successfully prepared. Synthesis of

A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• salt, showing the following main bands: (1) 748 cm−1 (Q ring bending, C–C ring deformation); (2) 810 and 870 cm−1 (out-of-plane C–H vibrations in the aromatic rings); (3) 1169 cm−1 (C–H bending of the quinoid rings); (4) 1221 and 1260 cm−1 (C–N in benzene diamine units); (5) 1336 cm−1 (C–N

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• be used to adjust the resonant frequency of the electrostatic switch to expand the bandwidth of the ultrasonic transducer. İkizoğlu et al. [99] combined a piezoelectric energy harvester with a cantilever beam switch for RF systems. Under vibrations, the piezoelectric material produces charges that

Piezoelectric nanogenerator for bio-mechanical strain measurement

• Zafar Javed,
• Lybah Rafiq,
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer,
• Saqib Siddiqui,
• Muhammad Babar Ramzan,
• Muhammad Qamar Khan and
• Muhammad Salman Naeem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 192–200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.14

• posture, shape, and gesture. They primarily focused on studying a leg pad that was able to perceive the knee movement and posture [10]. Piezoelectric sensors have a wide range of applications including sidewalks or crosswalks that collect energy from vibrations, which can be store in batteries [11

• ]. Moreover, piezoelectric sensors can be used at workplaces and gyms to collect energy from machine vibrations [12]. These sensors are embedded under the shoes so that the pressure exerted during walking or running can be converted into energy and can be used for different applications. Piezoelectric sensors

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• resonances can occur simultaneously [32][33]. Recently, there is also an increasing interest in nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) integrating electrical and mechanical functionalities [34][35][36][37][38]. Nanoelectromechanical systems utilizing localized mechanical vibrations have found applications in

• ). Conclusion Our analysis of the interplay of interference, strong correlations, and electron–phonon coupling is mainly addressed to molecular systems, where a strong coupling of local vibrations with electrons is expected. The discussion is also suitable for systems of suspended semiconductor-based quantum

• directly to the leads or vibrations coupled to the interacting dots linked to the electrodes indirectly via the open dot. Phonons interacting with electrons in the open dots form polarons and effectively renormalize coupling to the leads and shift dot site energies. This changes the interference conditions

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• samples (Figure 2e,f). FTIR peaks observed at 587–590 cm−1, 1630 cm−1 and 3420 cm−1 in Figure 2e correspond to Fe–O vibrations and O–H bending and stretching vibrations, respectively [34]. The O–H vibrations present in the iron oxide nanoparticles possibly arise from the association of oxygen from the

• COOH, NH (quinolone), C=O, CH and NH (piperazine) vibrations, respectively [36]. Characterization of NOR-coated IONPs, coated at pH 5 NOR@IONP, coated at pH 5 (NOR@IONPpH5), exhibited a distribution size range of 45 to 110 nm (Figure 3a), which was confirmed by TEM, to be aggregates of 10–12 nm size

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• Gibbs2 code [54] by considering lattice vibrations. To calculate the thermoelectric properties, we used the Boltzmann transport theory employed in the BoltzTrap2 [55] code by utilizing the rigid band estimation under a constant relaxation time. Results and Discussion Structural properties We have

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• fluid drift, form clusters, and attract or repel one another [90]. The acoustic radiation force can be traced back to the publication of Lord Rayleigh in 1902, which was called “the pressure of vibrations” [91]. The radiation force exerted by sound waves was first measured by Altberg [91][92] and the

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• deployment and maintenance of sensors will bring challenges for intelligent transportation systems. PENGs/TENGs can gain energy from vibrations without the need for an energy grid. In 2013, Lin et al. [3] proposed a transparent and flexible PENG (TFNG) based on a flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS

•  6f shows the output voltage at vehicle speeds of 1 and 1.5 m/s. The output voltage of the TFNG is proportional to the weight of the vehicle, as shown in Figure 6g. A TENG-based self-powered sensor can also be deployed to detect bridge vibrations [68]. When the bridge vibrations are within the safety

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

Determining amplitude and tilt of a lateral force microscopy sensor

• Oliver Gretz,
• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Thomas Holzmann,
• Korbinian Pürckhauer and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 517–524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.42

• energy to excite the sensor is very small and mechanical vibrations can dominate the excitation [19]. For low-temperature LFM, the lattice of the substrate can be used to calibrate the amplitude if the periodicity of the lateral features is known [20]. For electrically excited piezoelectric-based sensors

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• –3800 cm−1 is a combination of a few overlapping components related to symmetric and antisymmetric H–O–H stretching, bending overtone, and free OH stretching vibrations [9]. Thus, a straight interpretation of the Raman spectrum of liquid water and its deconvolution is still a subject of discussion [9

• absorbed much more strongly than in pure water or in the AgNPs yellow sample. The absorption of laser light in the AgNPs blue sample leads to the excitation of both plasmons in the AgNPs and vibrations of water molecules. Thus, one can conclude that the most probable hypothesis is that the enhancement of

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• the CE behavior is dependent on the surrounding temperature, Xu et al. [91] have further explored the operation of TENGs at high temperature values. Their results reveal that the thermionic emission of electrons is the main reason for CE and the atomic thermal vibrations strongly influence the CE at

Numerical analysis of vibration modes of a qPlus sensor with a long tip

• Kebei Chen,
• Zhenghui Liu,
• Yuchen Xie,
• Chunyu Zhang,
• Gengzhao Xu,
• Wentao Song and
• Ke Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 82–92, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.7

• Ax/Az is smaller for 0.075 mm and 0.1 mm tips. When the tip gets thinner, the vibration tends to be parallel to the X direction. When the tip gets thicker, the oscillation behaves more like the tapping mode. The value of Atip is determined through the vibrations of the tuning fork prong and the tip

• amplitude (Atfz) with respect to the tip length are not necessarily synchronous. The tip amplitude (Atip) is determined by vibrations of both the tuning fork prong and the tip. A 0.1 mm tip with a tip length smaller than 1.2 mm used in the in-phase mode can improve the spatial resolution. This research

Imaging and milling resolution of light ion beams from helium ion microscopy and FIBs driven by liquid metal alloy ion sources

• Nico Klingner,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Paul Mazarov,
• Wolfgang Pilz,
• Fabian Meyer and
• Lothar Bischoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1742–1749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.156

• as a function of the beam current for light-ion FIBs and some commercially available FIBs with heavier primary ions is shown. The best values from the literature are evaluated to compare the beam profiles of different ion and source types. Deterioration of the spot size due to vibrations or thermal

• the neglected ion beam stability, mechanical vibrations, drift, or electromagnetic fields during realistic long-term milling processes for light ions due to the small sputter yield (0.12 for 30 keV He in Au [34]). Additionally, large fluences, necessary for deep milling, often cannot be applied when