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Search for "wetting" in Full Text gives 173 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Ultraviolet patterns of flowers revealed in polymer replica – caused by surface architecture
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 459–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.45
- also be considered that the cuticle will interact with many different environmental influences, for example, wetting, contamination, and electromagnetic radiation [3][4] as well. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation in the wavelength range 280–380 nm is particularly crucial for plants, for example, when
Interaction of Te and Se interlayers with Ag or Au nanofilms in sandwich structures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 238–246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.22
- the silver towards its surface, which they interpreted as segregation. In 2001, a similar discovery was made for Ag layers grown on Cu [24]. Since then, the effects of this phenomenon have attracted little attention. In 2014, Stefaniuk et al. [14] observed that Ag thin layers on top of Ge wetting
- are good wetting films for silver and gold. Although the plasmonic layers deposited on Te films have their grains size decreased, the XRR extracted layer density profiles show that the density of a layer increases with increasing distance from the SiO2/metal interface, which is the opposite of the
- have segregated to the surface. The poor wetting (or even dewetting) of silver by Se and Te has one more attribute. The intensity of the modified Lorentz band [37] centered at 275–300 nm decreased while the intensity of the bands from 325 to 400 nm increased. The latter are connected to the roughness
A comparison of tarsal morphology and traction force in the two burying beetles Nicrophorus nepalensis and Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera, Silphidae)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 47–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.5
- smooth surfaces, possibly being connected to the improved yield stress and slip resistance in this species. On the other hand, under certain conditions, more viscous fluids might also be able to reduce friction (e.g., because of reduced wetting properties). Hence, our conclusion remains a matter of
A new bioinspired method for pressure and flow sensing based on the underwater air-retaining surface of the backswimmer Notonecta
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3039–3047, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.282
- high adhesive forces, in turn indicating that the pins became stuck inside the droplet. When the droplet lies on the surface, the clubs support the droplet and prevent surface wetting of the hemelytron (Figure 6b). The results so far suggest that Notonecta uses air layers in combination with
Femtosecond laser-assisted fabrication of chalcopyrite micro-concentrator photovoltaics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3025–3038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.281
- deposition conditions, such that a significant wetting layer formed in addition to gallium islands. Due to the different temperature dependence of surface mobility and adsorption–desorption equilibria, a sequential PVD process turned out necessary for the growth of (In,Ga) islands, whereby indium islands
- were grown first, onto which gallium was subsequently deposited. Optimum gallium deposition conditions were found to be a substrate temperature of ca. 400 °C and a deposition rate of 0.15 Å/s. Despite preferential aggregation of gallium at the existing indium islands, an additional gallium wetting
- layer was always observed. In order to avoid the undesired formation of a thin CuGaSe2 layer connecting the separate CIGSe islands after processing, this gallium wetting layer was removed by a mild reactive ion etching step in Ar+ plasma. LIFT approach The second approach presented here for the
In situ characterization of nanoscale contaminations adsorbed in air using atomic force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2925–2935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.271
- contamination; tip cleaning; tip–sample interaction; van der Waals interaction; Introduction Surface science is fundamental to understand many processes in industrial applications, environmental science, biology, medicine and phenomena such as self-assembly [1], friction [2][3] and wetting [4]. In any study
- . In ambient air, surfaces are covered by a variety of molecules and nanoparticles that drastically modify its properties as compared to ideal and clean surfaces. Quite a few fields ranging from fundamental studies of wetting phenomena [6] to semiconductor industry [7] are very aware of the importance
Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263
- silver crystallites in the films. With the systematic combination of oxidizing and reducing rf plasmas and a variation of the different plasma parameters, complex 3D silver nanostructures with tunable surface roughness and nanoporosity can be obtained. Optical behavior and surface wetting of differently
- well-known for silver nanoparticles. In case of argon plasma treatment (Figure 9c) increasing plasma treatment time results in an increase of absorption of the silver film over the whole UV–vis spectrum indicating some sort of densification of the silver film [87]. The wetting behavior was analyzed by
Biomimetic surface structures in steel fabricated with femtosecond laser pulses: influence of laser rescanning on morphology and wettability
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2802–2812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.262
- objective to reproduce not only the geometry and morphology of structures found in natural systems, but – most importantly – their specific functionality. Biomimetic applications that aim to control the wetting properties of a material surface must take into account the surface topography, since it strongly
- influences the surface energy and thus the wetting behavior [5][6][7][8][9][10]. A particular kind of controllable surface modification induced by pulsed lasers was discovered in 1965 by Milton Birnbaum [11] – upon irradiation of a germanium wafer with multiple laser pulses, self-organized periodic surface
- wetting and friction properties of a material for numerous applications [5][6][8][23][24]. Yet the type of LIPSSs investigated so far for these applications was mostly limited to those mentioned above (ripples, groves and spikes), and less so the more complex structures that are accessible by exploring a
Variation of the photoluminescence spectrum of InAs/GaAs heterostructures grown by ion-beam deposition
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2794–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.261
- : the top with a GaAs strain-reducing layer; the bottom with a strained buffer layer (wetting layer) [15][16][17][18][19]. Thus, the simplified energy band diagram of the active region of an InAs/GaAs heterostructure is an InAs quantum dot built into a GaAs matrix in the form of a quantum well. It
- quantum dot. In the case of using the third method, other mechanisms of optical transitions are possible. The growth of QDs occurs in the Stranski–Krastanov mode, when the substrate wetting layer is elastically stressed. An InAs/GaAs heteropair is ideal for creating conditions for a transition from 2D to
- QD or in the wetting layer. Therefore, the photoluminescence in the grown samples can go through the ground (PLGS) and excited (PLES) states of the electrons at the QDs and also through the energy levels in the wetting layer (PLWL). The measured PL spectra of the vertically stacked QD arrays are
Characterization of the microscopic tribological properties of sandfish (Scincus scincus) scales by atomic force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2618–2627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.243
- . Nonetheless, larger images frequently reveal very fine groves, which might originate from scratches. A cross section of a dorsal scale imaged by electron microscopy is displayed in Figure 3c and shows an inner structure that suggest that the scale consists of several thin layers. Wetting properties Some
ZnO-nanostructure-based electrochemical sensor: Effect of nanostructure morphology on the sensing of heavy metal ions
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2421–2431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.227
- chemically pure: no other elements other than Zn and O were detected. Cyclic voltammetry studies Prior to the CV measurements, 250 μL of distilled water was pipetted into each cell, left for ten minutes to ensure the complete wetting of the nanostructured surface, and then the CV curves were recorded. It was
Spin-coated planar Sb2S3 hybrid solar cells approaching 5% efficiency
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2114–2124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.200
- File 1. In the relevant temperature range of 265 °C to 300 °C, the Sb2S3 domains tend towards a droplet-like morphology with increasing temperature which can be interpreted as an on-going de-wetting of the substrate. The issue of de-wetting was reported for the transition from the amorphous to the
- . For the Sb-TU process, higher crystallization temperatures cause a de-wetting of the substrate. New features arise on top of the Sb2S3 film in the Sb-BDC process for longer crystallization times and crystallization at 300 °C. At the same time significantly increased defect formation was observed. The
A visible-light-controlled platform for prolonged drug release based on Ag-doped TiO2 nanotubes with a hydrophobic layer
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1793–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.170
- their well-defined geometry, stable structure [1], high surface-to-volume ratio, highly hydrophilic wetting characteristic [2][3], and remarkable photocatalysis properties [4]. However, the traditional drug delivery systems still exhibit many obvious drawbacks such as low drug solubility, uncontrolled
Preparation and morphology-dependent wettability of porous alumina membranes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1423–1436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.135
- University, Mira 19, Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia 10.3762/bjnano.9.135 Abstract This article presents the preparation and study of the wetting properties of porous alumina membranes (PAMs) with a thickness of 25 to 75 μm and with a different pore sizes. The fabrication process features, scanning electron
- microscopy and atomic force microscopy characterization results are presented. The comparative analysis of PAM surfaces (outer and inner) and the effect of morphology of these surfaces on the wetting properties are discussed. Both alumina surfaces show significant morphology-dependent wettability
- of the pores as well as the physical and chemical properties of the surface and walls of the PAM pores is a very urgent task. No less important is the process of wetting the membrane with the depositing material (or its solution), depending on the variation of the template synthesis [27][28
Theoretical study of strain-dependent optical absorption in a doped self-assembled InAs/InGaAs/GaAs/AlGaAs quantum dot
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1075–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.99
- nm. The wetting layer is two monolayers. The measured system has been doped with sheet doping of two electrons per dot. The strain controlling layer is made of In0.15Ga0.85As and is sandwiched between two layers of GaAs each with a thickness of 1 nm. Next, there are two layers of Al0.22Ga0.78As, each
- with a base diameter of 20 nm and a height of 5 nm, with a wetting layer of two monolayers. The strain control layer of In0.15Ga0.85As is sandwiched between two 1 nm layers of GaAs, and two 2 nm layers of Al0.22Ga0.78As. The rest of the structure is made of Al0.07Ga0.93As. The atomistic grid of the
Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98
- their weightless wing material [220][221][222]. Insect wing surfaces demonstrate a rough and highly ordered structure comprised of micro- and nanoscale properties to minimize their mass and protect them against wetting and pollutants. A methodical terminology to explain the structural properties of
Single-crystalline FeCo nanoparticle-filled carbon nanotubes: synthesis, structural characterization and magnetic properties
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1024–1034, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.95
- about 1–1.2, whereas 24% had aspect ratios larger than 1.2, but did not exceed 1.5. Hence, the morphology became more homogenous after further heat treatment. We attribute the homogeneity in the morphology of the annealed samples to the non-wetting behavior of the Fe–Co alloy nanoparticles and carbon
Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85
- functionality to their surfaces to accomplish complex tasks without the need for movement. These replenishable surface layers consist of combinations of hierarchical morphology and/or chemistry to create different wetting behaviors and are referred to as functional coatings. In the well-known case of the lotus
Nanoscale mapping of dielectric properties based on surface adhesion force measurements
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 900–906, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.84
- achieved with high lateral resolution by combining the advantages of the electrowetting (EW) effect [33] and an AFM imaging mode, PeakForce Quantitative Nano-Mechanics (PF-QNM) [34]. Electrowetting is a phenomenon in which the wetting properties of a dielectric surface are modified using an external
- both of the wetting and dielectric properties of the sample. Based on this principle, a quantitative analysis on the dielectric constant of macroscopic film has been realized by measuring the surface–water contact angle and adhesion force between the dielectric layer and a biased AFM tip [38]. Recently
Effect of microtrichia on the interlocking mechanism in the Asian ladybeetle, Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 812–823, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.75
- hindwings of the H. axyridis was established, and its underlying mechanism is discussed. Keywords: anti-wetting; folding process; interlocking mechanism; micro air vehicles; microtrichia; Introduction Insect wings have many properties, such as lightness, thinness, high flexibility and high load capacity
- folding process of H. axyridis hindwings was established. Finally, the anti-wetting function of the hindwings was investigated. Materials and Methods Beetles Twelve Asian ladybeetles, H. axyridis, collected from Changchun, Jilin Province, China (Figure 1) were captured for use in this study. This species
- angular orientation was measured for approximately 20–30 microtrichia in each position, and the mean values were used. Contact angle of the hindwings To further understand the hydrophobic function of H. axyridis hindwings, a standard-type contact angle meter was used to quantify their anti-wetting
Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60
- at a dilution factor of 7.8 × 104, while crossflow purified inks did not reach a maximum efficiency until a dilution factor of 6.1 × 109. This difference was ascribed to the different wetting properties of the prepared inks and was further corroborated by surface tension measurements of the ASNP inks
- aqueous solar nanoparticle (ASNP) inks affects several aspects of the fabrication of nanoparticle (NP)-OPV devices; including the packing density of the photoactive particles in the nanoparticle films and thus the formation of cracks or de-wetting areas [11][12][13]. Previous studies have reported
- crossflow Millipore filtration system [13][17]. However, the fabrication of NP-OPVs using slot-die coating of these purified inks on a roll-to-roll setup required the addition of an fluorosurfactant (FSO) to improve the wetting of the NP ink onto the substrate [17], indicating that the SDS content had not
Kinetics of solvent supported tubule formation of Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) wax on highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) investigated by atomic force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 468–481, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.45
- superhydrophobicity of the wax coated surface. The time and temperature related formation of wax tubules has also been used to develop first artificial Lotus leaves for various wetting studies [24]. However, there are still a number of other factors that can affect tubule growth on HOPG. For example, the
Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41
- . Winding onto a rotating mandrel. Step 3. Fixing with a matrix spray. Schematic of the layer-by-layer deposition process. Step 1. Wetting a paper tape with water/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Step 2. Introducing the assembled CNT layer in the reactor. Step 3. Winding up after drying. Reproduced with
Growth model and structure evolution of Ag layers deposited on Ge films
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 66–76, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.9
- of Warsaw, Department of Chemistry, Pasteura 1 str., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.9.9 Abstract We investigated the crystallinity and optical parameters of silver layers of 10–35 nm thickness as a function 2–10 nm thick Ge wetting films deposited on SiO2 substrates. X-ray reflectometry (XRR
- 10 nm Ag layer on a sapphire substrate at room temperature with a 1 nm germanium wetting film [18]. Recently, it was observed that the germanium atoms, which form the nucleation film, efficiently segregate [21] through the silver structure towards the surface [22][23], which results in additional
- (AFM) scans show that the grain size indeed decreases when the Ag layer is deposited on a Ge wetting film (Figure 2b) with respect to the non wetted film (Figure 2a), which is in consistency with the previous findings [4][19][20][22][24]. Table 1 shows the AFM- and XRR-derived surface roughness root
Transition from silicene monolayer to thin Si films on Ag(111): comparison between experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 48–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.7
- monolayer. On the contrary, the most intense spots on their LEED diagram were the substrate spots. From that, they concluded to an imperfect wetting of the 10 ML film. Coming back to the present results, our LEED diagram obtained after growth at T = 505 K shows results quite different from the 473 K ones
- that the αd(1) coefficient is set to an arbitrary high value to ensure the continuous wetting of the substrate by the silicene layer. For T = 473 K, a good fit is obtained if one now assumes a conversion of monolayer to Si islands having a height of 2 layers and covered with Si and Ag atoms forming the
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