Chemical bath deposition of textured and compact zinc oxide thin films on vinyl-terminated polystyrene brushes

• Nina J. Blumenstein,
• Caroline G. Hofmeister,
• Peter Lindemann,
• Cheng Huang,
• Johannes Baier,
• Andreas Leineweber,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Christof Wöll,
• Thomas Schimmel and
• Joachim Bill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 102–110, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.12

• reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) measurements were performed on a PS brush grafted to the Si wafer. In this case, the main part of the chain detaches from the surface and only the small rest with the ester group remains, since it is covalently bound to the substrate (compare Scheme 1b). Indeed, the

A facile method for the preparation of bifunctional Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe₃O₄ magnetic and fluorescent nanocrystals

• Houcine Labiadh,
• Tahar Ben Chaabane,
• Romain Sibille,
• Lavinia Balan and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1743–1751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.178

• conducted for all Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 materials prepared. Figure 4b illustrates the sensitive magnetic response of the Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 (2) sample. PL properties of Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 QDs The optical properties of Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 samples were studied by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy and PL spectroscopy (Figure

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• , chitosan/TMC-containing, magnetic nanoparticles and their respective characterization using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy (UV–vis), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), a vibrating sample magnetometer

Formation of substrate-based gold nanocage chains through dealloying with nitric acid

• Ziren Yan,
• Ying Wu and
• Junwei Di

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.140

• using absorption spectroscopy. Figure 2A shows the UV–vis absorption spectra recorded from ITO-supported AgNPs after immersion in 0.1 mM HAuCl4 solution for various times. The spectra correspond to the excitation of dipolar and quadrupolar oscillations. The AgNPs exhibited typical LSPR peaks at 455 and

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro effects of 7 nm alloyed silver–gold nanoparticles

• Simon Ristig,
• Svitlana Chernousova,
• Wolfgang Meyer-Zaika and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1212–1220, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.124

• important factor for subsequent in vitro experiments) was carried out by multiple ultracentrifugation steps. Characterization by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential centrifugal sedimentation (DCS), dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV–vis spectroscopy and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS

• volume of 3.5 mL were used. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was carried out with a Thermo Electron M-Series spectrometer with a graphite tube furnace according to DIN EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 after dissolving the particles in aqua regia. Cell culture HeLa cells (human transformed cervix epithelial

• , determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The cell viability was analyzed by the MTT assay. 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT; Sigma, Taufkirchen, Germany) was dissolved in PBS (5 mg mL−1) and then diluted to 1 mg mL−1 in the cell culture medium. After incubation, the

Effects of swift heavy ion irradiation on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites prepared by carbothermal evaporation method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• D. K. Avasthi and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 928–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.96

• absorption spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. XRD studies showed the presence of ZnO and CuO nanostructures in the nanocomposites. FESEM images revealed the presence of nanosheets and nanorods in the nanocomposites. The photocatalytic activity of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites was evaluated on the basis of

• –CuO nanocomposites The structural and optical properties of the as-prepared and irradiated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Raman spectroscopy and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. Grazing incidence XRD patterns were recorded

• . Following sun light irradiation, the photocatalysts were removed from the aqueous dye solutions. The concentrations of the dye in the resultant solutions were monitored by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy with double distilled water as the reference medium, in the wavelength range of 300–800 nm. FESEM

Magnetic properties of self-organized Co dimer nanolines on Si/Ag(110)

• Lisa Michez,
• Kai Chen,
• Fabien Cheynis,
• Frédéric Leroy,
• Alain Ranguis,
• Haik Jamgotchian,
• Margrit Hanbücken and
• Laurence Masson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 777–784, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.80

• nanolines X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) spectra were recorded at normal incidence in a magnetic field of 6 T for parallel (σ+) and antiparallel (σ−) alignment of the X-ray helicity with respect to the sample magnetization. Magnetic hysteresis measurements at the L3 resonance confirm that the sample

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• immobilization, as well as the stability upon immersion under physiological-like conditions, are demonstrated by different surface sensitive techniques such as spectroscopic ellipsometry, infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The changes in morphology and the

• photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS). The changes in topography and the established continuity of the layers were revealed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), stylus profilometry (SP) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The

• . Infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS): The infrared spectra of neridronate, APTES and dopamine moieties were recorded using a Perkin Elmer, Paragon 1000PC, FTIR spectrometer, equipped with a MCT detector and a single reflection, monolithic diamond, Golden Gate ATR accessory (Specac, England

Overview of nanoscale NEXAFS performed with soft X-ray microscopes

• Peter Guttmann and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 595–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.61

• approach to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions. Parallel to the development of novel synchrotron sources, the nanoscale of the current technologies triggered the revision of X-ray absorption spectroscopy [9][10] or photoelectron spectroscopy [11][12] techniques. These techniques can be used to study the

• transmitted intensity I(E) through the sample and another data set I0(E) without sample. The absorption spectrum normally will be displayed as an optical density OD(E) = −log[I(E)/I0(E)] [69]. So far, nearly all absorption spectroscopy techniques cannot measure I(E) and I0(E) at the same time which can lead

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• was incorporated inside the SiO2 spheres. The concentration of the NPs and the number of the Gd3+ ions present in the silanized NPs were determined by absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The size of the NPs was found to be 8–15 nm. The MRI experiments

• inside the silica spheres by using CTAB as template surfactant. Finally complexes of lanthanides, namely Eu3+, Tb3+ with nicotinic and isonicotinic acid were introduce inside silica. The characterization of these multifunctional nanostructures was achieved by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy, XRD

• nanocomposites material was done by attenuated total reflectance FTIR (ATR FTIR), TEM, DLS, fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) studies. The TEM micrographs suggested that the average diameter of CMSC coated γ-Fe2O3 NPs and bifunctional silica-coated NPs were 9 nm (PDI = 1.17) and 9.3 nm (PDI

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

• localize or quantify NP, including elemental analyses by methods such as inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) or atom absorption spectroscopy (AAS), require lysis, separation or homogenization of the cells and tissues [28][31][32]. The resulting consequence is a complete and

X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of graphitic carbon nanomaterials doped with heteroatoms

• Toma Susi,
• Thomas Pichler and
• Paola Ayala

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 177–192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.17

• double-walled carbon nanotubes, and for N-MWCNTs and N-graphene restrict ourselves to summarize studies in which synchrotron radiation or an additional complementary technique (such as STM, EELS or X-ray absorption spectroscopy) was used for probing the doping. Table 2 contains our survey, with both the

Materials and characterization techniques for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Roswitha Zeis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 68–83, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.8

• electrochemical stripping. Yet there has been no published data on the issue of phosphoric adsorption from this setup. X-ray absorption spectroscopy to investigate the adsorption of phosphoric acid species on platinum Very recently, Kaserer et al. [63] published a study on the catalyst poisoning effect of H3PO4

• in HT-PEM by using in operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) incorporating the Δμ technique. The goal of this study was also to investigate phosphoric acid adsorption on platinum in a real fuel cell. The technique is capable to determine adsorbates on the platinum catalyst particles by

• poisoning of Pt-alloy catalysts in the presence of phosphoric acid, Mukerjee and co-workers [64] conducted in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments. Similar to the previously described study [63], they investigated adsorbates on the catalyst surface by interpreting the X-ray near edge structure

Proinflammatory and cytotoxic response to nanoparticles in precision-cut lung slices

• Stephanie Hirn,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Matthias Epple,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Markus Rehberg and
• Fritz Krombach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2440–2449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.253

• [30][48]. Briefly, Ag-NPs were synthesized by reduction with glucose in the presence of PVP and dispersed in ultrapure degassed water. The silver concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) with a detection limit of 1 μg·L−1. SEM was performed with a FEI Quanta 400 ESEM

Nanobioarchitectures based on chlorophyll photopigment, artificial lipid bilayers and carbon nanotubes

• Marcela Elisabeta Barbinta-Patrascu,
• Stefan Marian Iordache,
• Ana Maria Iordache,
• Nicoleta Badea and
• Camelia Ungureanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2316–2325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.240

• of the samples, all the experiments were carried out in dark. Characterization methods Absorption spectroscopy The absorption spectra were recorded using a double beam UV–vis spectrophotometer (M400, Carl Zeiss, Germany) in range of 200–800 nm, with a resolution of 1 nm using a 1 nm slit width and a

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

• . Therefore, to make vibrational techniques more efficient for surface science purposes, many efforts have been made to increase the surface sensitivity of IR and Raman spectroscopies. For instance, from IR spectroscopy is born polarization-modulation IR reflection–absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) [1], and

Advances in NO₂ sensing with individual single-walled carbon nanotube transistors

• Kiran Chikkadi,
• Matthias Muoth,
• Cosmin Roman,
• Miroslav Haluska and
• Christofer Hierold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2179–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.227

• –SWNT system by utilizing metallicity-sorted, ultrapure carbon nanotubes. They used X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to investigate the nature of bonding and chemical interaction. Their conclusions, supported by theoretical calculations, are that the process

Two-dimensional and tubular structures of misfit compounds: Structural and electronic properties

• Tommy Lorenz,
• Jan-Ole Joswig and
• Gotthard Seifert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2171–2178, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.226

• addition to theoretical considerations, the electronic structure is discernible by spectroscopy as Ohno [12][35] presented in 1991. By performing X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy (XPS, XAS) and reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS), it was revealed that the electronic

UHV deposition and characterization of a mononuclear iron(III) β-diketonate complex on Au(111)

• Irene Cimatti,
• Silviya Ninova,
• Valeria Lanzilotto,
• Luigi Malavolti,
• Luca Rigamonti,
• Brunetto Cortigiani,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Elena Magnano,
• Federica Bondino,
• Federico Totti,
• Andrea Cornia and
• Roberta Sessoli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2139–2148, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.223

• Au 4f7/2 peak at 80.04 eV. UPS spectra were calibrated such that the Fermi level was located at 0 eV. X-ray absorption spectroscopy The deposition was prepared by drop-casting using a 2 mM dichloromethane solution on a gold film grown on mica. The Fe L2,3 XMCD measurements were performed in total

Effect of silver nanoparticles on human mesenchymal stem cell differentiation

• Christina Sengstock,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Thomas A. Schildhauer and
• Manfred Köller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2058–2069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.214

• atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS, Thermo Electron Corporation, M-Series). The hydrodynamic diameter and the zeta-potential of the dispersed particles were measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS. The z-average value was used as the average particle diameter. The

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications

• T. O. Menteş,
• G. Zamborlini,
• A. Sala and
• A. Locatelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1873–1886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.198

• , synchrotron sources greatly extend the application field of XPEEM instruments, which can achieve chemical, magnetic and electronic structure contrast through the implementation of the most popular photoelectron spectroscopies such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and

The influence of molecular mobility on the properties of networks of gold nanoparticles and organic ligands

• Edwin J. Devid,
• Paulo N. Martinho,
• M. Venkata Kamalakar,
• Úna Prendergast,
• Christian Kübel,
• Tibebe Lemma,
• Jean-François Dayen,
• Tia. E. Keyes,
• Bernard Doudin,
• Mario Ruben and
• Sense Jan van der Molen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1664–1674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.177

• and sealed with a lid. The process of functionalization is accelerated by sonication in a water bath. After 15 min, the dispersion of functionalized gold nanoparticles has changed colour. As shown below, UV–visible absorption spectroscopy reveals that this colour change can be attributed to the S-BPP

Donor–acceptor graphene-based hybrid materials facilitating photo-induced electron-transfer reactions

• Anastasios Stergiou,
• Georgia Pagona and
• Nikos Tagmatarchis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1580–1589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.170

• identification of the first singlet excited state of ZnPc. However, photoexcitation at 532 nm, at which mainly C60 was excited, revealed the formation of both a ZnPc radical cation and a C60 radical anion. The latter results, as obtained from nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy measurements, ascertain

• means as well as electron microscopy. Efficient fluorescence quenching of ZnPc in the ZnPc–graphene hybrid material was observed and the deactivation pathway was evaluated by using femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. The charge-separated state ZnPc•+–graphene•− was identified. An electrode of

• Pc–graphene and evaluation of the species by pump-probe femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy revealed the formation of the radical anion of graphene through a broad band in the NIR region. Based on multi-wavelength analysis, a short-lived and a long-lived component with lifetimes of 3.3 and

Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

• Fabian Herzog,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Sandor Balog,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Matthias Epple,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

• , NO3−, excess glucose and its oxidation products, excess PVP, and excess Ag+ were fully removed. The silver nanoparticles were then redispersed in water. The final silver concentration was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30, Povidon 30; Fluka, molecular

• absorption spectroscopy (AAS; Thermo Electron Corporation, M-Series). The detection limit was 1 μg/L. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed with a FEI Quanta 400 ESEM instrument in high vacuum without sputtering on silicon sample holders. As demonstrated earlier, these Ag NPs are well dispersed in