Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• obtained percentage is higher than theoretically predicted, which may be due to a contamination arising from the carbon-containing electrically conductive adhesive or another source of carbon in the sample stage or on the sample surface. Still, the actual quantities derived by EDX are basically consistent

Integration of sharp silicon nitride tips into high-speed SU8 cantilevers in a batch fabrication process

• Nahid Hosseini,
• Matthias Neuenschwander,
• Oliver Peric,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Jonathan D. Adams and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2357–2363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.226

• that all of the imaging parameters are set correctly, tip wear can still occur due to abrasive wear, fracture and adhesive wear [39][40]. The presented cantilevers have proven a good tip sharpness, and provide the well-established wear-resistance of silicon nitride tips, supplemented with their good

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• . Higher flow resistance evidences strong adhesive interactions between preparations and mucosa. The amount of adhered gel is calculated in an indirect method. Thus the formulation eluted with buffer in a beaker containing Tween 80 and the drug in the formulation was quantified by chromatographic methods

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

• Olivia Amargós-Reyes,
• José-Luis Maldonado,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• María-Elena Nicho,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Juan Nicasio-Collazo,
• Irving Caballero-Quintana and
• Concepción Arenas-Arrocena

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2238–2250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.216

• by drop casting. Mechanically cut Pt–Ir wires were used as STM tips. Before the deposition of each film, HOPG substrates were cleaved by using the adhesive tape technique to obtain an atomically clean surface. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements were carried out using a PARSTAT 2273 potentiostat in

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• microfluidic cell was set up, and the electrodes were insulated using a polystyrene card with double-sided adhesive. The double-sided tape was used to delimit the electroactive area, which was fixed on the reference electrode under the arrangement of working electrodes and the auxiliary electrode. Also, the

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• room temperature (25°C, lower), [10]. Left: Nile red-labeled lipid nanoparticle suspension (right arm) and nanoemulsion (left arm) applied to human forearm directly after application. Right: Both arms after washing under flowing water with rubbing. The lipid nanoparticles are highly adhesive and mostly

Nanoporous smartPearls for dermal application – Identification of optimal silica types and a scalable production process as prerequisites for marketed products

• David Hespeler,
• Sanaa El Nomeiri,
• Jonas Kaltenbach and
• Rainer H. Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1666–1678, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.162

• of 25 nm), showed neither agglomeration nor film formation. It is known that silica particles become more adhesive with decreasing size, which is easily explainable by powder technology. With decreasing particle size, the surface and contact area increase, thus promoting particle–particle interaction

Nanoscale spatial mapping of mechanical properties through dynamic atomic force microscopy

• Zahra Abooalizadeh,
• Leszek Josef Sudak and
• Philip Egberts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1332–1347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.132

• into two contributions: the applied compressive and adhesive forces exerted when the tip is in contact with the surface as measured by the static bending of the cantilever, and the oscillatory perturbations of the excited cantilever. For the oscillatory perturbation, the drive force exerted on the

• by a number of factors, including the applied normal force. The total normal force exerted by the tip on the surface can be thought of as a combination of the applied normal force and the contact geometry, as this will influence the adhesive contribution to the total normal force. More specifically

• , given that the material systems are constant, the shape of the tip apex will then determine the adhesive interaction between the tip and sample. This section will examine the influence of the applied normal force on the measurement of the elastic modulus of the steps in comparison with the terraces of

Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• found for the sample with a higher content of chitosan (72%), suggesting a synergic effect of both clays as reinforcing fillers of the polymer and as adhesive agent, which is required to improve the mechanical properties of the designed samples [50][51]. The obtained compression modulus is comparable to

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

• Loji K. Thomas and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

• called the adhesive force occurring for small values of s, where s is the separation between the plane and the sphere. In the case of a sphere–sphere geometry, with radii of curvatures of the spherical bodies on either sides being R1 and R2, the radius R can be replaced by an effective radius R* = R1R2

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• tunable shell thickness. The most popular coatings such as mesoporous silica, PEG and polyelectrolyte shells do not meet the above quality criteria. In 2007 Messersmith et al. reported the mussel-inspired adhesive polydopamine (PDA) multifunctional coating for various materials including nanoparticles [25

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• kV and using an Everhart–Thornley secondary-electron detector. Prior to observation, the sample was attached to adhesive carbon and then coated with Au. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of Zn-SLH was recorded with a Philips Xpert Pro diffractometer operating with Cu Kα1 radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å) in

Features and advantages of flexible silicon nanowires for SERS applications

• Hrvoje Gebavi,
• Vlatko Gašparić,
• Dubravko Risović,
• Nikola Baran,
• Paweł Henryk Albrycht and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 725–734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.72

• by the water surface tension through adhesive forces [40] and during drying, the strong surface tension moves the SiNWs towards each other creating twisted and irregular SiNWs bundles. For the long sputtering times (when the SiNWs are completely covered with Ag), adhesion and surface tension are not

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• inter-fiber bonding and reduces the tensile strength. However, this weakening of inter-fiber bonding was overcome by modifying hybrid fibers with AA. AA was self-assembled on LDH binding sites via hydrogen bonding (Mn+–OH…OHOC–CHn–). Then the adhesive action of AA on the fiber surface increased the

Mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Aβ₄₂, Aβ₄₀, and α-synuclein fibrils: a coarse-grained method to complement experimental studies

• Adolfo B. Poma,
• Horacio V. Guzman,
• Mai Suan Li and
• Panagiotis E. Theodorakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 500–513, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.51

• experiment at the nanoscale where the influence of the indenter could be neglected. Depending on the type of forces between the indenter and the biomaterial, we might describe the process by non-adhesive [12] or adhesive contact mechanics theories [58][59]. Here, we suggest our particle-based CG method as a

Mechanism of silica–lysozyme composite formation unravelled by in situ fast SAXS

• Tomasz M. Stawski,
• Daniela B. van den Heuvel,
• Rogier Besselink,
• Dominique J. Tobler and
• Liane G. Benning

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 182–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.17

• . This, in turn, leads to the formation of aggregates/composites in which NPs behave closely to adhesive hard spheres. The aforementioned interactions and the arrangement of particles in space lead to the occurrence of a broad maximum in the scattering pattern (Figure 1, ROI V). We simulate these effects

• by implementing the adhesive hard-sphere structure factor, SSHS(q) [35][36][37]. The interaction between particles at the distance x is approximated by the following potential U(x): where RHS is a hard sphere radius of particles, Δ is the width of a potential well, and τ is a stickiness parameter

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• deposition areas were laser-cut and subsequently glued with the ITO contact on small copper plates using double-sided conductive copper foil. A chemically resistant and electrically insulating polyimide (Kapton®) adhesive tape featuring a laser-cut circular window of 1.5 mm diameter was used to define the

Wet chemistry route for the decoration of carbon nanotubes with iron oxide nanoparticles for gas sensing

• Hussam M. Elnabawy,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Badawi Anis,
• Mostafa Fedawy,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Ahmed S. G. Khalil,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Xavier Vilanova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 105–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.10

• delimitate the area where the CNTs were deposited, a shadow mask of adhesive Kapton was used. This second approach leads to thinner active layers. The differences in the results for both approaches can be seen in the Supporting Information File 1 (Figure S1). After the previous steps, heaters and the CNT

Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness

• Peter van Assenbergh,
• Marike Fokker,
• Julian Langowski,
• Jan van Esch,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Dimitra Dodou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 79–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.8

• substrate between the dimples. Keywords: adhesion; biomimetic micropatterned adhesive; colloidal lithography; friction; pull-off; soft substrate; Introduction Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned adhesives as a function of geometry, feature size, and stiffness Over the last few decades

• between the adhesive and the substrate, in the form of intermolecular forces, capillary forces, and suction forces. To achieve intimate contact between the adhesive and the substrate, researchers have been designing micropatterned adhesives with a low effective elastic modulus Eeff [6]. For example, micro

• features on different length scales, conform to substrate roughness on different length scales, increasing pull-off and friction forces [21]. Besides geometry and feature size, the Eeff of adhesive micropatterns also relates to the stiffness of the material the micropattern is made of [6]. When a soft

A comparison of tarsal morphology and traction force in the two burying beetles Nicrophorus nepalensis and Nicrophorus vespilloides (Coleoptera, Silphidae)

• Liesa Schnee,
• Benjamin Sampalla,
• Josef K. Müller and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 47–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.5

• , Hauptstr.1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.10.5 Abstract Our aim was to compare friction and traction forces between two burying beetle species of the genus Nicrophorus exhibiting different attachment abilities during climbing. Specifically, the interaction of adhesive hairs and claws during

• clues concerning the mechanisms behind insect attachment. Although burying beetles appear not to be especially adapted to smooth and slippery plant surfaces, N. nepalensis is known as a ‘good climber’ [2] and both the investigated species exhibit, like other burying beetles [8], many tarsal adhesive

• reported that significantly reduce attachment, especially in hairy systems. The extent of the reduction in attachment success depends on the ratio between the size of the surface irregularities and that of both the claws and the adhesive hair tips; this ratio affects the close interlocking of the

Contact splitting in dry adhesion and friction: reducing the influence of roughness

• Jae-Kang Kim and
• Michael Varenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1–8, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.1

• been performed so far for thin-film-based adhesives. To this end, we report on the behavior of original and split, wall-shaped adhesive microstructures on different surfaces ranging across four orders of magnitude in roughness. Our results clearly demonstrate that the adhesion- and friction-driven

• decisive experimental validation of this hypothesis has been performed so far for thin-film-based adhesives. To this end, here we report the adhesive and frictional behavior of original and carefully split wall-shaped adhesive microstructures [36] on different surfaces ranging across four orders of

• magnitude in roughness. Results and Discussion Pull-off forces measured with original and split wall-shaped adhesive microstructures against different rough surfaces (Figure 1, see Experimental for details) are shown in Figure 2. The surfaces are represented using the traditional root-mean-square deviation

A new bioinspired method for pressure and flow sensing based on the underwater air-retaining surface of the backswimmer Notonecta

• Matthias Mail,
• Adrian Klein,
• Horst Bleckmann,
• Anke Schmitz,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Peter T. Rühr,
• Goran Lovric,
• Robin Fröhlingsdorf,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3039–3047, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.282

• adhesive pads [6] or the structural colors of Morpho menelaus [7]. Superhydrophobic surfaces are also important in the above context. Several plants and animals, which can maintain stable air layers while submerged (Salvinia effect [8]), have been analyzed. Especially the floating ferns of the genus

• high adhesive forces, in turn indicating that the pins became stuck inside the droplet. When the droplet lies on the surface, the clubs support the droplet and prevent surface wetting of the hemelytron (Figure 6b). The results so far suggest that Notonecta uses air layers in combination with

The effect of flexible joint-like elements on the adhesive performance of nature-inspired bent mushroom-like fibers

• Elliot Geikowsky,
• Serdar Gorumlu and
• Burak Aksak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2893–2905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.268

• particular, for male ladybird beetles, research has shown that the adhesive setae feature a material gradient such that the elastic modulus of the material at the junction between the stalk and the divergent distal end is close to minimum. This soft material acts like a flexible joint, improving the bending

• depending on the organism that bears them. They form an adhesive contact with the opposing surface, cumulatively providing a large enough force to support the organism’s body weight [3][4]. The strength of adhesion primarily depends on two quantities, the compliance of the fiber array as well as the number

• of fibers per unit area [5][6][7]. One important material property which influences these adhesive properties the most is the elastic modulus of the material forming the fibers [5]. For instance, in geckos, which utilize a hierarchical fiber structure ranging from millimeter-scale lamellae to

Near-infrared light harvesting of upconverting NaYF₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺-based amorphous silicon solar cells investigated by an optical filter

• Daiming Liu,
• Qingkang Wang and
• Qing Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2788–2793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.260

• material lies in NIR range, not deteriorating the visible light response of solar cells. Other important thing is that such upconverting materials with nanoscale dimensions can be easily re-dispersed into a binding/adhesive agent [10]. Because the upconverter is supposed to use the transmitted light, it

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

• Nima Khoshsirat,
• Fawad Ali,
• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• Mojtaba Amjadipour,
• Hongxia Wang,
• Mahnaz Shafiei and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2700–2707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.252

• influence of Cr on the properties of the back contact and on the total performance of the solar cell is still a subject of debate and some studies negatively correlates Cr with a low performance of the cell due to its diffusion in the absorber layer [31]. In this work we exploit the adhesive properties of