Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• polyclonal antibody, (3) capture of biomarker by the bioconjugate, (4) sandwich formation by injection of the biomarker captured by Ab2-MNP-HRP in the microfluidic system. The first step included the deposition of a bilayer of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDDA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated with

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• IONP samples are well-dispersed with no indication of aggregation. The films of spin-coated DPPC form large monolayer and small bilayer domains (Figure 10a). The profile measured on the magnified image (Figure 10b and Figure 10c) shows that the heights of the monolayer and bilayer are 1.5 ± 0.3 nm and

• measured on the magnification image (Figure 11Bb) shows two IONPs of ≈10 nm in height, clearly separated by a bilayer domain of ≈5 nm in height. This difference can be explained by the fact that short fluorinated groups such as C2F5 can significantly increase the lipophilicity of molecules. This is the

Microfluidic manufacturing of different niosomes nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Physical characteristics, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release

• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Ibrahim Khadra,
• Abdullah Albaloushi,
• Margaret Mullin,
• Hanin Alyamani and
• Valerie A. Ferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1826–1832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.177

• . Niosome nanoparticles are lipid-based, and composed of non-ionic surfactants with cholesterol orientated into a membrane bilayer structure. Two different non-ionic surfactants were used and the mixing parameters were varied to optimize the characteristics of the prepared niosomes. The prepared niosomes

• . 11%, while niosomes prepared using T85 at 3:1 FRR resulted in an EE of ca. 60%. The increase in FRR from 1:1 to 3:1 resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the EE values for both formulations. Niosomes exhibit a lipid bilayer structure encapsulating an aqueous compartment. Hydrophilic

• concentration of chol and the non-ionic surfactant in the final niosome formulations. The presence of chol is a key factor that controls membrane rigidity. Higher chol concentrations results in a less permeable and more rigid bilayer membrane. Moreover, the encapsulation of hydrophobic molecules is highly

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• ], distorted nanosheets with a bilayer structure [35], helical nanorods with a bilayer structure [35], and network structures composed of nanoribbon-shaped lamellar crystals [33][42][43][44][45][46] have been successfully constructed by changing the enzymatic reactions, tuning the self-assembly kinetics

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• result indicates that the NCLG assemblies might form a bilayer structure with high interdigitation of the alkyl chains, where the bilayer structure experiences a large tilt. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra In order to elucidate the formation mechanism of the helicity and nanostructures of the

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• charged head groups adsorb and neutralize negatively charged TNW surfaces, which is followed by the interaction between hydrophobic tails of adsorbed surfactant molecules and those in the bulk causing charge reversal (Figure 3a,b). The charge reversal indicates the formation of surfactant bilayer

• surface aggregates – hemi-micelles are formed resulting in the increase of the adsorption density. Ultimately, a surface bilayer in which the heads of the second surfactant layer are oriented towards the solution forms and the maximum absorption density is achieved. Any further increase in the surfactant

• observed by the zeta potential measurements. Positive zeta potential values indicate that head groups of surfactant molecules adsorbed on TNW are facing towards the solution, due to the formation of the bilayer. The formation of the bilayers at a surfactant concentration below the cmc reflects the high

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• fluids because of a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) bilayer on the AuNR surface, which is a necessary agent in the synthesis method [16]. The coating of the nanoparticles with polymeric or inorganic shells and further functionalization with target molecules can help to overcome this drawback

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• , which decreases the constrained accommodation that would have resulted in the close proximity of the HIS molecules to one other. On the other hand, the interlayer distance in the case of LDH/PHE must arise from a bilayer head-to-tail arrangement in the direction perpendicular to the hydroxide layer

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensor applications of PtSe₂ nanosheets synthesized by wet chemistry

• Mahendra S. Pawar and
• Dattatray J. Late

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.46

• semimetallic nature and single-layer PtSe2 has a semiconducting nature with a bandgap of 1.2 eV. Bilayer PtSe2 is also a semiconducting material but with a slightly smaller band gap than the monolayer material [19]. This layer-dependent conversion of semimetal-to-semiconductor transition has potential for

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• there [15]. These nanocapsules were anchored on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) coated with a lipid bilayer (protocells) enhancing their penetration into 3D tumoral tissue models, which yielded a significant enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of these nanodevices (Figure 1) [16

Bidirectional biomimetic flow sensing with antiparallel and curved artificial hair sensors

• Claudio Abels,
• Antonio Qualtieri,
• Toni Lober,
• Alessandro Mariotti,
• Lily D. Chambers,
• Massimo De Vittorio,
• William M. Megill and
• Francesco Rizzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 32–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.4

• acid (HF) back side wet etching step removes the SiO2 layer (2 μm etching depth). By performing a last KOH top side wet etching, the exposed (U-shaped) silicon device layer around the cantilevers is removed (2 μm etching depth). Due to the residual stress in the material, the released SiN/Si bilayer

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

• Nima Khoshsirat,
• Fawad Ali,
• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• Mojtaba Amjadipour,
• Hongxia Wang,
• Mahnaz Shafiei and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2700–2707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.252

• .9.252 Abstract Molybdenum (Mo) is the most commonly used material as back contact in thin-film solar cells. Adhesion of Mo film to soda–lime glass (SLG) substrate is crucial to the performance of solar cells. In this study, an optimized bilayer structure made of a thin layer of Mo on an ultra-thin

• chromium (Cr) adhesion layer is used as the back contact for a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin-film solar cell on a SLG substrate. DC magnetron sputtering is used for deposition of Mo and Cr films. The conductivity of Mo/Cr bilayer films, their microstructure and surface morphology are studied at

• the back contact thickness to 600 nm. That is two thirds to half of the thickness that is currently being used for bilayer and single layer back contact for thin-film solar cells. We demonstrate the excellent properties of Mo/Cr bilayer as back contact of a CZTS solar cell. Keywords: back contact

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• graphene. It has been shown that there is an upper limit for the local concentration of substitutional nitrogen in an sp2-layered carbon system [95]. For bilayer graphene, which in good approximation can be extended to MWNTs, the system remains fully sp2-coordinated below a nitrogen concentration of 15–20

Increasing the performance of a superconducting spin valve using a Heusler alloy

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Joachim Schumann,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1764–1769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.167

• to estimate these parameters characterizing the properties of the S layer we use our experimental data on the resistivity and on the dependence of Tc on the S-layer thickness at a large unchanged thickness of the F layer in the S/F bilayer. The residual resistivity ρS = ρ(Tc) can be determined from

• of the S layer, , which is defined as the thickness below which there is no superconductivity in the S/F bilayer: . In the limiting case , the thickness can be calculated explicitly as [29] Here γE ≈ 1.78 is the Euler constant. Our data yield (γb = 1.95) for the Fe/In system, (γb = 2.7) for the Fe

Colorimetric detection of Cu²⁺ based on the formation of peptide–copper complexes on silver nanoparticle surfaces

• Gajanan Sampatrao Ghodake,
• Surendra Krishna Shinde,
• Rijuta Ganesh Saratale,
• Avinash Ashok Kadam,
• Ganesh Dattatraya Saratale,
• Asad Syed,
• Fuad Ameen and
• Dae-Young Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1414–1422, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.134

• , some aggregates appeared, whereas, the average size of the individual AgNPs remained unchanged (Figure 1c). Accordingly, we concluded that under centrifugation conditions, bilayer structures of casein peptides remain intact and stable, thereby inhibiting AgNP aggregation and enabling increased

Computational exploration of two-dimensional silicon diarsenide and germanium arsenide for photovoltaic applications

• Sri Kasi Matta,
• Chunmei Zhang,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Anthony O'Mullane and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1247–1253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.116

• and Pb [20][35] and are depicted in Figure 2c. According to this evaluation, the exfoliation of monolayer for these materials from their bulk forms is highly feasible. The band structures determined by HSE-Wannier calculations demonstrate that bulk, bilayer and monolayer structures of SiAs2 and GeAs2

• Fermi level is set as zero. (a–c) Bulk, bilayer and monolayer of SiAs2, respectively; (d–f) bulk, bilayer and monolayer of GeAs2, respectively. Calculated light absorption spectrum of monolayers of SiAs2 (green) and GeAs2 (blue) using HSE functional superimposed to the incident AM1.5G solar flux. (a,c

Circular dichroism of chiral Majorana states

• Javier Osca and
• Llorenç Serra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1194–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.110

• (λ) is modeling a coupled bilayer system in which quasiparticles move. The set of Hamiltonian parameters is m0, m1, ΔB, μ, α, Δp and Δm. The latter two are given in terms of the pairing interaction in the two layers, Δt and Δb, by Hybridization of the two surfaces is represented by parameters m0 and

Field-controlled ultrafast magnetization dynamics in two-dimensional nanoscale ferromagnetic antidot arrays

• Anulekha De,
• Sucheta Mondal,
• Sourav Sahoo,
• Saswati Barman,
• Yoshichika Otani,
• Rajib Kumar Mitra and
• Anjan Barman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1123–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.104

• irradiation of laser light. A PMMA/MMA bilayer resist was used for electron-beam lithography to prepare the resist pattern on the Py thin film followed by argon ion milling at a base pressure of 1 × 10−4 Torr with a beam current of 60 mA for 6 min for etching out the Py film from everywhere except the

An implementation of spin–orbit coupling for band structure calculations with Gaussian basis sets: Two-dimensional topological crystals of Sb and Bi

• Sahar Pakdel,
• Mahdi Pourfath and
• J. J. Palacios

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1015–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.94

• divided into two categories. The most recent publications refer to monolayer antimonene (or occasionally bilayer antimonene) and can be found in the context of new 2D crystals. Other works, which go a few years back in time, refer to few-layered (FL) antimonene (or Sb(111) thin films), and can be found in

The effect of atmospheric doping on pressure-dependent Raman scattering in supported graphene

• Egor A. Kolesov,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Olesya O. Kapitanova,
• Xiao Fu,
• Hak Dong Cho,
• Tae Won Kang and
• Gennady N Panin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 704–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.65

• . Results and Discussion Pressure-dependent Raman measurements Raman spectra of graphene on various substrates under atmospheric pressure are presented in Figure 1. Monolayer and bilayer graphene were identified by 2D peak approximations with one and four Lorentz functions, respectively, together with the

• 2D peak full-width at half-maximums (FWHMs). The I2D/IG intensity ratio shows values of up to 1.5 for the monolayer and about 0.9 for bilayer graphene (the low I2D/IG values can be explained by adsorption doping [9] and electrostatic doping effects [16], as analyzed throughout the article). Comparing

• results in renormalization of the Fermi velocity, Dirac point velocity, and overall distortion of the Dirac cone [24], leading to a possible charge carrier density increase [25]. In the case of bilayer graphene, the desorption process leads to a density decrease of about 0.4 × 1013 cm−2 hole, which is

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• interactions represent a major part of the molecular forces acting between both contact surfaces, however, the presence of water vapor (humidity rate of the order of 35%) in air, has a strong impact on these results via capillary forces. In ambient conditions a water mono-bilayer with thickness around 1 nm can

Facile phase transfer of gold nanorods and nanospheres stabilized with block copolymers

• Yaroslav I. Derikov,
• Georgiy A. Shandryuk,
• Raisa V. Talroze,
• Alexander A. Ezhov and
• Yaroslav V. Kudryavtsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 616–627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.58

• nanorods depend on the refractive index of a medium bordering the nanorod surface. The effect is more pronounced for the TM mode. As shown in [47], in hydrosols, CTAB forms a 4–5 nm bilayer at the surface of Au nanoparticles. The optical dispersion curves for the substances relevant to this study are

• 436 nm [51]. Thus, the presence of a CTAB bilayer at the Au nanorod surface should noticeably shift the maximum position of the TM plasmon resonance in water and benzene. This can be checked by simulations for a model in which a single nanorod is coated with a surface layer with the refractive index

• maximum is situated between the peaks of two model spectra, we can conclude that some CTAB is present at the nanorod surface but its quantity is not enough to form a uniform bilayer. Presumably, the bilayer is rarefied near the nanorod ends. In nonpolar organosols, CTAB should form a ca. 2 nm monolayer at

Single-step process to improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube yarn

• Maria Cecilia Evora,
• Xinyi Lu,
• Nitilaksha Hiremath,
• Nam-Goo Kang,
• Kunlun Hong,
• Roberto Uribe,
• Gajanan Bhat and
• Jimmy Mays

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 545–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.52

• AA and AN. Another peak that has a significant intensity in graphene structures is the G′ band. The G′ band is a single peak in single-layer graphene, whereas it splits into four peaks in bilayer graphene, reflecting the evolution of the electron band structure [37][38]. However, the G′ band is not

Wafer-scale bioactive substrate patterning by chemical lift-off lithography

• Chong-You Chen,
• Chang-Ming Wang,
• Hsiang-Hua Li,
• Hong-Hseng Chan and
• Wei-Ssu Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 311–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.31

• reproduction, and high resolution control. Conventional strategies to fabricate bioactive substrates rely on the creation of different local molecular environments that are suitable for subsequent biological species attachment. For example, the supported lipid bilayer system has been widely used for many

Dielectric properties of a bisimidazolium salt with dodecyl sulfate anion doped with carbon nanotubes

• Doina Manaila Maximean,
• Viorel Cîrcu and
• Constantin Paul Ganea

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 164–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.19

• in the LF domain (0.01 to 107 Hz), equipped with WinDETA software. The temperature was controlled within 0.2 K, at a constant ac voltage of 0.5 V. Schematic representation of the bilayer interdigitated SmA phase of the ILC based on bisimidazolium salts with alkyl sulfate ion. POM pictures of