Search results

Search for "capillary" in Full Text gives 243 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

  • Da Shi,
  • Justine Wallyn,
  • Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
  • Francis Perton,
  • Delphine Felder-Flesch,
  • Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
  • Mounir Maaloum and
  • Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

Graphical Abstract
  • IONPs at the gas/liquid interface, the variation of the interfacial tension was acquired using a Tracker® tensiometer (Teclis, Civrieux d’Azergues, France). A 5 µL bubble was formed at the end of a steel capillary that had a tip diameter of 1 mm. The rising bubble was saturated with F-hexane by purging
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 31 Oct 2019

The importance of design in nanoarchitectonics: multifractality in MACE silicon nanowires

  • Stefania Carapezzi and
  • Anna Cavallini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2094–2102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.204

Graphical Abstract
  • conditions and the capacity dimension of the nanowires was obtained. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM); capillary force; metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE); multifractal analysis; nanoarchitectonics; nanowires; self-assembly; Introduction In the last years, huge progress was made regarding the
  • surface [29][30]. Considering two adjacent NWs, first 1) the capillary force between them should be able to overcome the elastic force moving them back to the original straight position, in order to bring them into contact during the evaporation of the liquid. Then a stable bundle will occur if 2) the
  • , such that the other end is deflected by a length w, the magnitude of the elastic force acting on it can be calculated from the Euler–Bernoulli elementary beam theory [32], and it is given by where E is the Young modulus of the pillar and I is its area moment of inertia. The magnitude of the capillary
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 31 Oct 2019

Ion mobility and material transport on KBr in air as a function of the relative humidity

  • Dominik J. Kirpal,
  • Korbinian Pürckhauer,
  • Alfred J. Weymouth and
  • Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2084–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.203

Graphical Abstract
  • later) without damaging the tip. Moreover, the hydrophobicity reduces capillary formation at the tip–sample contact area. Capillary condensation causes a locally enhanced presence of condensed water molecules [22], which might correspond to a much higher relative humidity near the apex. Furthermore, the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 30 Oct 2019

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

  • Muhammad A. Zaheer,
  • David Poppitz,
  • Khavar Feyzullayeva,
  • Marianne Wenzel,
  • Jörg Matysik,
  • Radomir Ljupkovic,
  • Aleksandra Zarubica,
  • Alexander A. Karavaev,
  • Andreas Pöppl,
  • Roger Gläser and
  • Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

Graphical Abstract
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 28 Oct 2019

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

  • Matthew E. Potter,
  • Lauren N. Riley,
  • Alice E. Oakley,
  • Panashe M. Mhembere,
  • June Callison and
  • Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

Graphical Abstract
  • used in the IW method increases support–metal interactions leading to more rapid deposition. The minimal amount of solvent will also be readily adsorbed into the internal pores of the material by capillary action, encouraging the metal to deposit on the micropores and mesopores and not just on the
  • external surface. In contrast, the excess solvent used in WI will promote deposition primarily on the external surface. AE results in a reasonable deposition efficiency (0.49 wt % Au). Likely the evaporation stage of this process also encourages limited capillary action, similar to IW. Excellent agreement
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Letter
Published 25 Sep 2019

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

  • Barbara Pem,
  • Igor M. Pongrac,
  • Lea Ulm,
  • Ivan Pavičić,
  • Valerije Vrček,
  • Darija Domazet Jurašin,
  • Marija Ljubojević,
  • Adela Krivohlavek and
  • Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

Graphical Abstract
  • and D2O was added (or a D2O-filled capillary was used for a lock signal). Along with the disappearance of the 1H NMR signals of the reactant (CYS), a new set of proton signals of the product emerged (Figure 1). All new signals were shifted downfield by approximately 0.2 ppm. According to detailed 1H
  • , respectively. The samples were prepared in UPW with the addition of D2O to a final volume ratio of 10%, or in some cases, a capillary filled with D2O was used as an external lock. 1H NMR spectra were recorded in 10–20 min intervals during the NP synthesis, starting immediately after the mixing of reagents (t0
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 02 Sep 2019

Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells

  • Hannah Onafuye,
  • Sebastian Pieper,
  • Dennis Mulac,
  • Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
  • Mark N. Wass,
  • Klaus Langer and
  • Martin Michaelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166

Graphical Abstract
  • nanoparticle dilutions described above were transferred into a folded capillary cell and the experiment was conducted at 22 °C. Morphological analysis of nanoparticles by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) 3 µL of diluted HAS nanoparticle suspension (0.25 mg/mL) was applied on a 0.1 µm membrane filter
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 14 Aug 2019

Development of a new hybrid approach combining AFM and SEM for the nanoparticle dimensional metrology

  • Loïc Crouzier,
  • Alexandra Delvallée,
  • Sébastien Ducourtieux,
  • Laurent Devoille,
  • Guillaume Noircler,
  • Christian Ulysse,
  • Olivier Taché,
  • Elodie Barruet,
  • Christophe Tromas and
  • Nicolas Feltin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1523–1536, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.150

Graphical Abstract
  • yielding an aspect ratio different from 1 for all investigated nanosilica populations. The measured AFM height is generally lower than the SEM diameters. This rises the following questions: Is the particle deformed on the substrate due to capillary forces? Does the measured discrepancy between AFM and SEM
  • that PSL NPs could be squished on the substrate causing a deformation of the NP due to capillary forces [25][26]. Indeed, for a PSL NP with a nominal diameter equal to 50 nm, the difference between height and diameter measured by electron tomography is 6.5 nm, even reaching 7.4 nm for a 100 nm nominal
  • substrate under ambient conditions, since the area/volume ratio becomes important, capillary adhesion forces must be taken into account. Deformations of the silica NP and substrate can be assessed using the model developed by Derjaguin, Muller and Toporov (DMT) [33]. This model describes the elastic
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 26 Jul 2019

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

  • Katrin Partikel,
  • Robin Korte,
  • Dennis Mulac,
  • Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
  • Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

Graphical Abstract
  • the same instrument by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis to provide information about the surface charge of the NPs. The NP dilutions described above were transferred into a folded capillary cell and the determination was conducted at 22 °C. Morphological analysis of nanoparticles by SEM A quantity
  • ultrapure water. Subsequently, the sample was transferred into a folded capillary cell and the zeta potential of the NP–protein complex was determined as described above. Identification of corona proteins by LC–MS/MS Corona proteins were identified using a shotgun proteomics-based approach that has become
  • dynamically excluded from repeated fragmentation for 45 s. Conditions for electrospray ionization (ESI) were: capillary temperature 225 °C; vaporizer temperature 350 °C; sheath gas flow 40 (arbitrary units); auxiliary gas flow 20 (arbitrary units); sweep gas flow 5 (arbitrary units); source voltage 3.5 kV
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 06 May 2019

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

  • Xiupei Yang,
  • Zhengli Yang,
  • Fenglin Tang,
  • Jing Xu,
  • Maoxue Zhang and
  • Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

Graphical Abstract
  • lowest separation resolution. Since the stationary phase used in size exclusion chromatography (SEC) has a high surface area, NCs with high surface activity can be irreversibly adsorbed by the column packing material, which limits its application to the separation of NCs. For capillary electrophoresis
  • (CE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), this limitation can be overcome to some extent by reducing the surface effects of the separation system. The capacity for each run of these two methods (micrograms for HPLC and nanograms for capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE)) have hindered
  • nanoparticles (NPs). Although dialysis can be a useful means of removing impurities from NPs, it is a very time-consuming technique. Capillary electrophoresis provides an efficient and simple technique to fractionate water-soluble NCs [19], however it often depends on the specific core or ligand shell
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 25 Apr 2019

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

  • Aniela Bittner,
  • Angélique D. Ducray,
  • Hans Rudolf Widmer,
  • Michael H. Stoffel and
  • Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

Graphical Abstract
  • –brain barrier using rat brain capillary endothelial cells (rBCEC4). All types of nanoparticles were taken up time-dependently by the rBCEC4 cells, albeit to a different extent, causing a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability. Nanoparticle exposure did not change cell proliferation
  • , namely co-culture or 3D models that mimic the in vivo situation more closely. Experimental Cell culture The immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial cell line rBCEC4 was characterized and kindly provided by Dr. Ingolf E. Blasig (Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 25 Apr 2019

Capillary force-induced superlattice variation atop a nanometer-wide graphene flake and its moiré origin studied by STM

  • Loji K. Thomas and
  • Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 804–810, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.80

Graphical Abstract
  • -sized graphene flake wherein we have induced a further rotation of the flake utilizing the capillary forces at play at a solid–liquid interface using STM tip motion. We propose a more “realistic” tip–surface meniscus relevant to STM at solid–liquid interfaces and show that the capillary force is
  • sufficient to account for the total expenditure of energy involved in the process. Keywords: capillary force; graphene; graphite; HOPG; moiré; solid–liquid interface; STM; superlattice; Introduction Graphite is a layered material with graphene sheets arranged in ABAB stacking. HOPG is an ordered form of
  • an STM image is a map of the local electronic density of states (LDOS), such electronic modifications may be visualized in real space. When STM is operated at solid–liquid interfaces, the capillary force due to the meniscus formed between the tip and the surface could be utilized for mechanically
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 01 Apr 2019

Features and advantages of flexible silicon nanowires for SERS applications

  • Hrvoje Gebavi,
  • Vlatko Gašparić,
  • Dubravko Risović,
  • Nikola Baran,
  • Paweł Henryk Albrycht and
  • Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 725–734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.72

Graphical Abstract
  • thickness of the SiNWs [34]. Geometry, density and the changes in surface morphology of the SiNWs influence the variations in SERS intensity. The second observation can be explained in two ways. Firstly, 4-MPBA interacts with water; and secondly, EtOH or H2O capillary forces influence the surface morphology
  • [35]). The influence of the capillary forces will be discussed in the following sections. Ag decoration and morphology of Si nanowires and immersion-induced changes Using 500 °C as the optimal VLS process temperature, we decorated SiNWs through Ag sputtering. The sputtering time varied from 3 to 30
  • S16). As reported in [42] we assume that capillary forces dominate over van der Waals forces by several orders of magnitude. During drying, the adhesion between liquid and SiNW surface pulls and bends the SiNWs, changing the substrate morphology and consequently increasing the SERS intensity. Water
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 15 Mar 2019

Improving control of carbide-derived carbon microstructure by immobilization of a transition-metal catalyst within the shell of carbide/carbon core–shell structures

  • Teguh Ariyanto,
  • Jan Glaesel,
  • Andreas Kern,
  • Gui-Rong Zhang and
  • Bastian J. M. Etzold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 419–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.41

Graphical Abstract
  • ][25]. The porosity of this shell could suit for the immobilization of the transition-metal catalyst, as capillary forces would suck the impregnation solution within the shell and only excess solution would go into the voids between the particles. Subsequent chlorination of the carbide core to obtain
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 11 Feb 2019

Mechanism of silica–lysozyme composite formation unravelled by in situ fast SAXS

  • Tomasz M. Stawski,
  • Daniela B. van den Heuvel,
  • Rogier Besselink,
  • Dominique J. Tobler and
  • Liane G. Benning

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 182–197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.17

Graphical Abstract
  • -through cell with embedded quartz capillary (ID 1.7 mm, wall thickness 50 µm; aligned with the X-ray beam) using a peristaltic pump (Gilson MiniPuls 3, flow ca. 500 mL/min; tubing: ID 2 mm, total length 2 m; reactor-to-cell-distance: 0.7 m of tubing). All experiments were conducted at 21 °C. Once a SAXS
  • the silica NP solution circulating through the capillary, prior to the fast injection of the entire content of the tube containing the lysozyme with a single rapid push of the syringe plunger that lasted ca. 200–400 ms. This fast injection rate in combination with the fast stirring in the reactor (500
  • the injection moment and the first actual measurement of the mixed solution, i.e., the time required for the mixed solution to reach the capillary where the SAXS pattern was recorded. In order to be able to analyse and model the silica–LZM composite scattering patterns we also acquired a series of
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 14 Jan 2019

pH-mediated control over the mesostructure of ordered mesoporous materials templated by polyion complex micelles

  • Emilie Molina,
  • Mélody Mathonnat,
  • Jason Richard,
  • Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes,
  • Martin In,
  • Philippe Dieudonné,
  • Thomas Cacciaguerra,
  • Corine Gérardin and
  • Nathalie Marcotte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.14

Graphical Abstract
  • empty capillary. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were acquired on microtomed samples (slices of ≈70 nm thickness) with a JEOL 1200 EX II instrument operating at 120 kV. Material characterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was done on a HITACHI S4800 (FEG-HR) apparatus operating
  • with H1-like hysteresis loop (IUPAC classification [34]) showing capillary condensation at a relative pressure p/p0 ranging from 0.42 to 0.70. This indicates that the structural mesoporosity presents a cylindrical pore geometry with a high degree of pore size uniformity. This is confirmed by the narrow
  • capillary condensation took place. [33]. The materials prepared at higher pH (pH 7.4 and 7.9) exhibited a relatively well-ordered pore arrangement, whose mesostructure was however difficult to identify (Figure 2a and Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1). Nonetheless, some insights can be gathered
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 11 Jan 2019

Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness

  • Peter van Assenbergh,
  • Marike Fokker,
  • Julian Langowski,
  • Jan van Esch,
  • Marleen Kamperman and
  • Dimitra Dodou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 79–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.8

Graphical Abstract
  • between the adhesive and the substrate, in the form of intermolecular forces, capillary forces, and suction forces. To achieve intimate contact between the adhesive and the substrate, researchers have been designing micropatterned adhesives with a low effective elastic modulus Eeff [6]. For example, micro
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 08 Jan 2019

Threshold voltage decrease in a thermotropic nematic liquid crystal doped with graphene oxide flakes

  • Mateusz Mrukiewicz,
  • Krystian Kowiorski,
  • Paweł Perkowski,
  • Rafał Mazur and
  • Małgorzata Djas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 71–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.7

Graphical Abstract
  • were filled by capillary action into cells. The cells consisted of two pieces of parallel glass plates of thickness d = 1.1 mm (Precision Glas & Optik GmbH), covered by thin (d ≈ 100 nm) ITO conducting layers, separated by 1.6 µm thick glass spacers. An active area was 25 mm2. On the glass plates a
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 07 Jan 2019

Femtosecond laser-assisted fabrication of chalcopyrite micro-concentrator photovoltaics

  • Franziska Ringleb,
  • Stefan Andree,
  • Berit Heidmann,
  • Jörn Bonse,
  • Katharina Eylers,
  • Owen Ernst,
  • Torsten Boeck,
  • Martina Schmid and
  • Jörg Krüger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3025–3038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.281

Graphical Abstract
  • indium accumulation occurs at the spot centers, which exhibit the highest roughness, indicates that the island growth is driven by the condensation of indium in the capillary-like structures. For the desired growth of flat and homogeneous indium islands, the data shows that a moderate roughening of the
PDF
Album
Review
Published 12 Dec 2018

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

  • Markus Gößler,
  • Eva-Maria Steyskal,
  • Markus Stütz,
  • Norbert Enzinger and
  • Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

Graphical Abstract
  • on plasticity in nanoporous gold have pointed towards the surface tension (in units of energy per area) being the relevant capillary parameter for plastic deformation, rather than surface stress, which is only responsible for elastic contributions [47][48]. This is reflected in an asymmetric
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 10 Dec 2018

Time-resolved universal temperature measurements using NaYF4:Er3+,Yb3+ upconverting nanoparticles in an electrospray jet

  • Kristina Shrestha,
  • Arwa A. Alaulamie,
  • Ali Rafiei Miandashti and
  • Hugh H. Richardson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2916–2924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.270

Graphical Abstract
  • setup of temperature measurement in a Taylor cone, formed by electrospray of an upconverting solution. A 980 nm laser illuminates from the top with a 50× lens. A white light illuminates from the bottom using a 20× lens for imaging. The image on the top right shows a glass capillary pulled to form a ca
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 21 Nov 2018

Controlling surface morphology and sensitivity of granular and porous silver films for surface-enhanced Raman scattering, SERS

  • Sherif Okeil and
  • Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2813–2831, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.263

Graphical Abstract
  • in the water contact angle. Especially after subsequent oxidation/reduction plasma treatments where nanoporous silver films are obtained, the silver films quickly absorb the droplets through capillary effects thus enabling the analyte to get in good contact with the silver surface. Evaluation of the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 07 Nov 2018

Low cost tips for tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy fabricated by two-step electrochemical etching of 125 µm diameter gold wires

  • Antonino Foti,
  • Francesco Barreca,
  • Enza Fazio,
  • Cristiano D’Andrea,
  • Paolo Matteini,
  • Onofrio Maria Maragò and
  • Pietro Giuseppe Gucciardi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2718–2729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.254

Graphical Abstract
  • File 2. When we immerse the gold wire in the ethanol–HCl solution we observe the formation of a meniscus at the metal–air–liquid interface, due to capillary forces (Figure 2a) [47]. A pre-etching step of the gold wire is performed at a voltage V1 = 5 VDC for a time t1 = 15–20 s (Figure 2b) and permits
  • Euler’s constant, g = 981 cm/s2 is the gravitational constant and is the capillary constant, where γ ≈ 30 dyn/cm and ρ = 0.98 g/cm3 are the surface tension and the density of the HCl/ethanol solution, respectively. In Figure 4b we plot the predicted values of the meniscus extension h as a function of the
PDF
Album
Supp Info
Full Research Paper
Published 22 Oct 2018

Silencing the second harmonic generation from plasmonic nanodimers: A comprehensive discussion

  • Jérémy Butet,
  • Gabriel D. Bernasconi and
  • Olivier J. F. Martin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2674–2683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.250

Graphical Abstract
  • small gaps can easily be achieved using capillary assembly with optimized templates, for example [7]. The linear optical properties of gold dimers with gaps of 5 nm, 20 nm, and 60 nm are considered first. The scattered intensity is shown as a function of the incident wavelength in Figure 1b. For
  • building blocks of plasmonic nanoantennas made by capillary assembly, rectangular arms will be obtained with top-down fabrication techniques, such as nanolithography for example. The arm dimensions are similar to those of the cylindrical nanorods discussed previously; the arm length is 85 nm and its width
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 15 Oct 2018

Enhancement of X-ray emission from nanocolloidal gold suspensions under double-pulse excitation

  • Wei-Hung Hsu,
  • Frances Camille P. Masim,
  • Armandas Balčytis,
  • Hsin-Hui Huang,
  • Tetsu Yonezawa,
  • Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak,
  • Saulius Juodkazis and
  • Koji Hatanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2609–2617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.242

Graphical Abstract
  • (Figure 4b) consistent with thermalization of electrons and ions [6]. Ponderomotive action and light field enhancement The formation of surface waves via capillary driven instabilities occurring at longer times (nanoseconds) is affected by the linear momentum transferred to the film surface, which as be
PDF
Album
Full Research Paper
Published 01 Oct 2018
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities