The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• microscopy Observations of the legs of dry adults were performed using a fluorescence microscope Zeiss Axiophot (Zeiss, Jena, Germany) with an excitation filter 365 nm, chromatic beam splitter FT 395 nm, emission 397 nm, with an excitation filter 450–490 nm, chromatic beam splitter FT 510 nm, emission 520 nm

• , and with an excitation filter 546 nm, chromatic beam splitter FT 580 nm, emission 590 nm. Insect legs were removed from the insects and placed on a microscope slide for observations. Scanning electron microscopy and cryo-SEM Dry insects were observed in a scanning electron microscope Hitachi S-4800

• , Florida, USA). Further spectral processing was performed in Matlab 7.10 (The MathWorks, Natick, NA, USA) and includes dark noise subtraction and smoothing with a Savitzky–Golay filter of fourth order with 12 nm window. All spectra were normalized to the WS1 standard (Ocean Insight, Ostfildern, Germany

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• functions of the membranes. As already described, DPP has been used as the PTM for SSG devices [27]. Microcrystalline solids of DPP molecules were formed in a solution and they were deposited on a filter paper by filtration. The filter papers with the deposited DPP derivatives were employed as photothermal

• films. Optical microscopy was employed to observe the surface structure of the films (Figure 10a–d). Figure 10a shows the filter paper. In the photothermal films, the filter paper is the supporting layer. The filter paper is indeed suitable for this purpose because the cellulose fibers are randomly

• hydrophobic. The contact angle measurements revealed that the contact angles of the filter paper coated with DPP-H, DPP-DCV, and DPP-INCN were 123.9°, 113.4°, and 131.8°, respectively. In contrast, the contact angle of the bare filter paper remained at approx. 0°. These results suggest that coating the DPP

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• 0.22 µm syringe filter (Sartorius, NY). The resulting Ch-Ag NPs were kept in a refrigerator at 4 °C in the dark for further use. Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles (Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs) were also synthesized following the above procedure. In

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• observed using a custom-made detector unit (interference filter, Ge diode). The resulting signal was an average of 2000 traces, and it was calculated as the difference between the luminescence of individual samples in oxygen atmosphere and vacuum. The resulting luminescence traces were fitted by a single

• ). After 48 h of treatment, the cells were washed in PBS and visualized using an Olympus BX51 fluorescence microscope with a Spectrum Aqua filter. All images were captured using a 20× objective and analyzed with Cytovision 3.1 software (Applied Imaging Corporation). (a) Top-view AFM image of neat PU and (b

Induced electric conductivity in organic polymers

• Konstantin Y. Arutyunov,
• Anatoli S. Gurski,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Azat R. Yusupov,
• Danfis D. Karamov and
• Alexei N. Lachinov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1551–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.128

• characteristics of each lead electrode separately. To measure differential characteristics dI/dV(V), modulation technique and phase-sensitive lock-in detection were used. To suppress the negative effect of stray electromagnetic pickups, a multistage RLC filter system was used [17]. While R(T) measurements at

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• filter cutting at 380 nm. Results and Discussion Characterizations of materials Figure 1a displays the morphology of TNAs, which have a uniform distribution of nanotubes with average diameters ranging from 80–100 nm and a length of 500 nm (Figure 1b). The MoS2 material exhibits the stacked layers of 2D

Non-stoichiometric magnetite as catalyst for the photocatalytic degradation of phenol and 2,6-dibromo-4-methylphenol – a new approach in water treatment

• Joanna Kisała,
• Anna Tomaszewska and
• Przemysław Kolek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1531–1540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.126

• the reaction, 2 mL samples were collected from the reactor at regular time intervals (from the first to the tenth minute, every 2 min, then every 10 min up to 1 h), then filtered through a 0.22 μm syringe filter. The organic compound concentrations were evaluated by using HPLC. Ozonolysis of phenols

In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles

• Mitzi J. Ramírez-Hernández,
• Mario Valera-Zaragoza,
• Omar Viñas-Bravo,
• Ariana A. Huerta-Heredia,
• Miguel A. Peña-Rico,
• Erick A. Juarez-Arellano,
• David Paniagua-Vega,
• Eduardo Ramírez-Vargas and
• Saúl Sánchez-Valdes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124

• weighed and put into a coffee filter. Subsequently, an infusion was made with 1 L of distilled water in a Oster® brand coffee maker. The solution obtained was vacuum filtered and concentrated in a rotary evaporator at 50 °C, 250 rpm, and 42 mbar. Biosynthesis of Ag/AgCl nanoparticles Quantification of

• before drying to be characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy. Characterization X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained in a Bruker AXS D8 Advance diffractometer, at 30 mA and 40 kV, with a Ni filter and a Cu Kα radiation generator. Diffraction patterns were acquired at a scan rate of 1 °/min from 10 to 90

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• measured by using an AM 1.5 solar simulator (Oriel instruments 67005) of 100 mW·cm−2 power density. This power density was calibrated with the photocurrent of the reference cell (crystal Si capped by an IR cut filter). Fill factor (FF) and photoconversion efficiency (η) were calculated by using the

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• .13.105 Abstract Nanofibers are drawing the attention of engineers and scientists because their large surface-to-volume ratio is favorable for applications in medicine, filter technology, textile industry, lithium-air batteries, and optical sensors. However, when transferring nanofibers to a technical

• applications in medicine, filter technology, textile industry, lithium-air batteries, and optical sensors [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. The inherently small scale makes production as well as further processing of nanofibers challenging [8]. For the technical production of artificial nanofibers, different methods such

• new way for technologically improving the production of tools for handling of artificial nanofibers. This can facilitate and optimize the production of, for example, filter materials and nanofabrics. Results and Discussion Theoretical modelling The general model is depicted in Figure 2. The course of

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• , mixtures of oil (nonpolar) and water (polar) are easily separated. A promising application of nanofur is therefore the cleaning of oil spills [23][31]. This behavior can be also utilized for the fabrication of membranes that filter oil out of water (or vice versa) [17]. For that, the nanofur is perforated

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• (by the shaker piezo on the cantilever holder) or optically (using a DC and AC current for the 635 nm laser diode to oscillate its light intensity), respectively. Note that the additional color filter placed in front of the photodiode prevents the backreflected 635 nm light to reach the photodiode

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• . These nanodots served as fluorophore in the inner filter effect (IFE) sensing platform to detect tetracycline in pharmaceutical doses [76]. Highly water-soluble and blue emitting CDs were synthesized from hemoglobin by Chakraborty et al., which can be used to detect H2O2 [117]. Food materials Different

Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation

• Chen-chen Hao,
• Fang-yan Chen,
• Kun Bian,
• Yu-bin Tang and
• Wei-long Shi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91

• of a CTC solution with an initial concentration of 20 mg/L and stirred in the dark for 30 min to reach adsorption–desorption equilibrium. Then, the photocatalytic reaction was initiated by a 300 W xenon lamp with a 420 nm cut-off filter. At 20 min intervals, 4 mL of the sample was taken out and

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• photocatalytic activity of LaFexNi1−xO3 photocatalysts was examined by evaluating the performance of photocatalytic MB degradation. 300 W Xe-lamp equipped with AM 1.5G filter (Newport Corporation, USA) was used as the light source in the degradation experiment. The light intensity was adjusted to 100 mW/cm2

• , then filtering the samples through a 0.22 µm needle filter. The MB concentrations were evaluated using the UV–vis spectrometer U-2910 (HITACHI, Japan). The detection range was set from 200 to 800 nm. The scanning rate was 400 nm/min. The maximum absorption peaks of MB and TC solution were at 664 nm and

Numerical modeling of a multi-frequency receiving system based on an array of dipole antennas for LSPE-SWIPE

• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 865–872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.77

• dipole antennas located in the opening of a special bidirectional horn that forms the radiation pattern of the receiving system and also serves as a low-frequency filter. For radiation detection, many bolometer types can be applied. The detectors for this instrument should work at 300 mK, since this is

• frequency channel at the level of 0.5 is 45 GHz. At 220 GHz there is a spurious resonance that can be suppressed with a low-pass filter. Auxiliary frequency channels of the LSPE-SWIPE The cells are located within a circle with a diameter of 4.5 mm; while one half of the circle is occupied by cells for 210

• channel. The frequency response width at 50% of the maximum level for the 210 GHz channel is 26 GHz and for the 240 GHz channel is 38 GHz. In addition, the radiofrequency (RF) tails of the 240 GHz channel above 270 GHz are supposed to be suppressed by a band-pass filter. Noise-equivalent power

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• with considerable mechanical strength. For instance, DUT-134(Cu) plates could be assembled into carpets and tubes through face-to-face or edge-to-face alignment [150]. The carpets and tubes showed excellent performance as air filter. The uptake of H2S by the carpets is 6–7 times higher than that of

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• prepared by utilizing natural cellulose (e.g., laboratory filter paper) as the structural template. The obtained nanoarchitectonics, namely Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites, displayed three-dimensionally interwoven structures which replicated the initial cellulose template. The composite Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT

• control is expected to offer a solution [28]. Based on biomimetic synthesis, the morphological control of functional materials is accomplished by combining chemical building blocks and natural substances with unique structures. Natural cellulose products (e.g., filter paper for quantitative analysis

• Scientific Ltd. Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) was obtained from Fluorochem Co., Ltd. All chemicals were directly applied without further treatment. Filter paper for quantitative laboratory analysis (made from cotton) was purchased from Hangzhou Xinhua Paper Industry Co., Ltd. (China). Ultrapure water was

Direct measurement of surface photovoltage by AC bias Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Masato Miyazaki,
• Yasuhiro Sugawara and
• Yan Jun Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 712–720, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.63

• influence of the photocurrent [35][36][37]. The ultraviolet (UV) light source was a He–Cd laser (Kimmon Koha) with a wavelength of 325 nm and a laser power of 2 mW. A lens was equipped on a xyz-scanner in the UHV chamber to focus the laser onto the sample with a beam diameter of 500 µm. A band-pass filter

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• methylene blue (MB) solution at room temperature under UV light generated by a PLS-SXE300 Xenon lamp with a 365 nm band filter. Following the method reported by Wang et al. [22], 15 mg of the catalyst was dispersed into 75 mL of the MB solution (10 mg/L). Before UV light irradiation, the suspension was

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• , X-ray diffraction, magnetometry [4], transmission/scanning electron imaging [5][6], small-angle scattering techniques [7], dynamic light scattering, laser diffraction [8][9], resonant mass measurement, and spatial filter velocimetry. Each of these has certain features (i.e., ease of access, ease of

• , and (iv) output of size, shape and shape anisotropy distributions. There is also (v) a filtering utility including a novel filter for image series, which might be very useful for reducing reconstruction artifacts. Each of the above mentioned aspects is briefly described in the following (more details

• the applied filter is shown. Several effects of the filter can be noticed in Figure 1. The most obvious effect is a noise removal of the images. The second one, which is little bit more difficult to observe, is the removal of the undesired “shining” of one of the NPs (Figure 1b) due to diffraction

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• , pulse duration: 89.8 fs) is used for the optical excitation. To reach a diffraction-limited focus, we use a parabolic mirror with a numerical aperture up to 0.998 in air for light focusing and emission signal collection. The SHG signals are selected using a 10 nm band pass filter and detected by micro

Influence of thickness and morphology of MoS₂ on the performance of counter electrodes in dye-sensitized solar cells

• Lam Thuy Thi Mai,
• Hai Viet Le,
• Ngan Kim Thi Nguyen,
• Van La Tran Pham,
• Thu Anh Thi Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thanh Le Huynh and
• Hoang Thai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 528–537, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.44

• -Newport-USA, Model No. 94061A). Simulated sunlight of 100 mW·cm−2 (1 sun) was generated and corrected by a 1000 W Xe lamp and an AM 1.5 filter. The photocurrent density–voltage (J–V) curves of the DSSCs were measured using a Keithley model 2400 multisource meter. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• final dispersions were filtered through grade-3 filter paper [44][45]. The pH determination was performed using a pHmeter calibrated with buffer solutions. The relative density of the extract was determined using a pycnometer calibrated at 20 °C in a controlled temperature environment (20 °C). To

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• collection plates and physically agitated to release the SPNPs from the surface of the collection plates. This suspension was sonicated to disrupt SPNPs aggregates then filtered through a 40 µm cell filter to remove any large debris. To further remove larger SPNPs, undisrupted aggregates and other debris