High dynamic resistance elements based on a Josephson junction array

• Konstantin Yu. Arutyunov and
• Janne S. Lehtinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 417–420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.32

• is compared to values of ≈100 MW for conventional semiconductor complementary metal–oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In addition to heat dissipation, another issue is the speed of processing. It has been shown that the operational frequency of superconducting logic can be at least 100 times

Nanosecond resistive switching in Ag/AgI/PtIr nanojunctions

• Botond Sánta,
• Dániel Molnár,
• Patrick Haiber,
• Agnes Gubicza,
• Edit Szilágyi,
• Zsolt Zolnai,
• András Halbritter and
• Miklós Csontos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 92–100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.9

• ; nanosecond operation; resistive switching; silver iodide (AgI); Introduction The half a century long increase of the computational capacity of von Neumann architectures built on ever-shrinking complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-based hardware units is facing its technological, economical and

• tasks of information processing. As an example, large crossbar arrays of transition-metal-oxide-based filamentary RRAM devices operated in the metallic conductance regime of 102–104Ω have been successfully utilized recently to perform various linear operations relying on hardware-implemented vector

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• similar conducting carbon core as investigated in the present study, and their performance as ORR catalysts [34][35]. For these systems, which turned out to be promising ORR catalysts, we found that nitriding the metal-oxide shell concomitantly results in drastic structural changes and nitriding of the

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• concentration. Due to their excellent properties and cost efficiency, gas sensors based on metal oxide semiconductors, such as ZnO [5], SnO2 [6], WO3 [7], TiO2 [8], Er-SnO2 [9], Au-In2O3 [10], GO-WO3 [11] and Ni-SnO2/G [12] have been widely studied until now. However, their sensing properties regarding low

• amounts of acetone still need to be enhanced. As a dual metal oxide, AB2O4 spinel materials received much attention in the field of gas sensing [13][14]. With a unique spinel structure and a narrow bandgap width (≈1.94 eV), zinc ferrite (ZnFe2O4) has remarkable properties and shows good potential in the

Deterministic placement of ultra-bright near-infrared color centers in arrays of silicon carbide micropillars

• Stefania Castelletto,
• Abdul Salam Al Atem,
• Faraz Ahmed Inam,
• Hans Jürgen von Bardeleben,
• Sophie Hameau,
• Ahmed Fahad Almutairi,
• Gérard Guillot,
• Shin-ichiro Sato,
• Alberto Boretti and
• Jean Marie Bluet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2383–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.229

• platform for the integration of these quantum systems in large-scale complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS)-compatible wafers. Also, SiC is suitable for nanofabrication [18][19], and can be controlled through its electronic and piezoelectric properties. Further, it has great potentials for

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• they are strong covalent (chemisorption) or weak (physisorption), highly impact the sensor performance, that is, the sensitivity, response and recovery time, and detection range. Unlike metal-oxide-based gas sensors, CNT-based sensors operate at room temperature (low activation energy) and can

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• layers in the mixed metal oxide spinel composite. CuFe2O4 composite formation with activated carbon was reported using the co-precipitation technique [12][13]. Herein, we have prepared a nanocomposite comprised of CuFe2O4 and monodispersed spherical hydrophilic silica (HYPS) particles (Scheme 1) for

• consistent with the TEM analysis. For the copper ferrite nanoparticles, a homogeneous mixed metal oxide formation occurs as a major proportion coexisting with Cu nanoclusters (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). The magnetic properties of CuFe2O4/HYPS nanocomposites were measured using VSM (Figure 5

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• carbon cloth–carbon nanotube@metal oxide (CC-CNT@MO) three-dimensional structures combine the high specific capacitance and rich redox sites of metal oxides with the large specific area and high electrical conductivity of carbon nanotubes. The prepared CC-CNT@Fe2O3 anode reaches a high capacity of 226

• Fe2O3 on a carbon cloth–carbon nanotubes (CC-CNT) substrate with NaBH4 as reductant and ferric chloride as the reactant. NaBH4 is an active reducing agent with which most metal chlorides can be reduced to metal [22][23][24] and then be oxidized in air to form CNT@metal oxide composites. We also adapted

• at 1.6 kW·kg−1 was obtained. Besides, the ASC exhibits excellent cycling stability with capacitance retention of 83% after 5000 cycles. All these results demonstrate that our method is promising for constructing CNT-based metal oxide composites for high-performance supercapacitors. Results and

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• . Hence, the carbon/metal-oxide hybrid interlayer combines the advantages of carbon and metal oxides and exhibits superior performance over monolithic materials. Recently, the inclusion of V2O5/CNT [29], MoO3@CNT [30], TiO2@CNF [31], TiO2/graphene [32] interlayers has been shown to suppress the shuttle

• potential of the TiO2/GO functional interlayer in next-generation Li/S batteries and presents a novel approach to prepare metal oxide based hybrid coatings for energy storage applications. Experimental Preparation of TiO2/GO composite Ti10Al90 alloy ribbons were fabricated by refining pure Al (99.9 wt

Novel hollow titanium dioxide nanospheres with antimicrobial activity against resistant bacteria

• Carol López de Dicastillo,
• Cristian Patiño,
• María José Galotto,
• Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez,
• Claudia Torrent,
• Daniela Alburquenque,
• Alejandro Pereira and
• Juan Escrig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1716–1725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.167

• -positive and Gram-negative bacteria [2]. In recent years, metal and metal oxide NPs, such as silver, gold, titanium and zinc oxide NPs, have been extensively studied due to their interesting antimicrobial character [3][4][5]. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs have also attracted significant attention due to

• inactivation of microorganisms due to its strong oxidizing power by free radical generation, such as hydroxyl and superoxide anion radicals [11][12]. Metal oxide NPs have been commonly synthesized by chemical and physical methods, which can produce a high size variability, defects and agglomeration and can

• solution and the type of polymer. On the other hand, ALD is a novel metal oxide deposition process with excellent thickness control due to its low temperature processing and separated superficial reactions between precursor materials. Precursors are pulsed one by one over a substrate in the chamber and

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• removal of pollutants from water, for instance dyes [31] and, As(III) and As(V) species [34]. Moreover, they could be used as precursors for supported metal-oxide nanoparticles that could be of interest in catalysis [31]. MgAl-LDH/sepiolite nanoarchitectures have been also satisfactorily tested as

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• the Ti2+ to Ti4+ transition thereof make such a transition metal oxide heterostructure a promising candidate for various electronic properties and charge transfer investigations. Despite the similarities (both structures have a cubic crystallographic phase), there are profound differences in the

• structures – the differences could be as high as 255 meV measured in the case of and (110) surfaces of CuGaSe2 [34]. For the case of transition metal oxide crystals, XPEEM studies have proved that the WF of the SrTiO3(111) face is higher than that of the (100) face by no less than 210 meV [32]. Smaller

• the oxygen activity and redox reactions on surfaces, the next experiment was aimed to study the work function dependence upon controlled reoxidation of reduced oxides. Transition metal oxide nanostructures find manifold applications, especially in various (photo)catalytic processes, e.g., water

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• because of their superior electric/electrochemical properties that make them suitable for energy and electrochemical applications [56][57][58][59][60]. The works include the use of two-dimensional metal oxide nanosheets for artificial photosynthesis systems, i.e., photocatalytic water splitting and

High-temperature resistive gas sensors based on ZnO/SiC nanocomposites

• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Marina N. Rumyantseva,
• Alexander S. Frolov,
• Alexey D. Yapryntsev and
• Alexander M. Gaskov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1537–1547, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.151

• composite materials with respect to temperature, radiation, chemical and mechanical effects [6][7]. It has been shown that in MO/SiC nanocomposites containing metal oxide (MO) and nanostructured SiC, the presence of silicon carbide inhibits the growth of MO crystallites at high temperatures [8]. The

Hierarchically structured 3D carbon nanotube electrodes for electrocatalytic applications

• Pei Wang,
• Katarzyna Kulp and
• Michael Bron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1475–1487, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.146

• to solve these issues are focused on the optimization of the catalyst, such as alloying Pt with a second metal such as Ni, Ru and Pd [20][21][22][23][24] or using Pt-metal oxide composites such as Pt/SnO2 and Pt/CeO2 [24][25][26][27][28]. Additionally, a variety of catalyst preparation methods, e.g

Selective gas detection using Mn₃O₄/WO₃ composites as a sensing layer

• Yongjiao Sun,
• Zhichao Yu,
• Wenda Wang,
• Pengwei Li,
• Gang Li,
• Wendong Zhang,
• Lin Chen,
• Serge Zhuivkov and
• Jie Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1423–1433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.140

• door for potential applications in gas recognition and detection. Keywords: Mn3O4/WO3 composites; heterojunctions; working temperature; gas sensing; selectivity; Introduction Tungsten oxide (WO3) is a highly stable, classical transition metal oxide. When synthesized, WO3 usually presents a yellowish

• shown in Figure 10, for the convenience of comparison, all the response values are normalized. It can be clearly seen that H2S, NH3 and CO are the most sensitive at 90 °C, 150 °C and 210 °C, respectively, whereas the responses were much lower for other gases. The selectivity of the metal oxide

Gas sensing properties of individual SnO₂ nanowires and SnO₂ sol–gel nanocomposites

• Alexey V. Shaposhnik,
• Dmitry A. Shaposhnik,
• Sergey Yu. Turishchev,
• Olga A. Chuvenkova,
• Stanislav V. Ryabtsev,
• Alexey A. Vasiliev,
• Xavier Vilanova,
• Francisco Hernandez-Ramirez and
• Joan R. Morante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1380–1390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.136

• selectivity to target gases. The aim of this work is the comparison of gas sensing properties of tin dioxide in the form of individual nanowires and nanopowders obtained by sol–gel synthesis. This comparison is necessary because the traditional synthesis procedures of small particle, metal oxide materials

• nanowire synthesis was developed and reported in detail in the classic work of R. Wagner and W. Ellis [1]. Recently, with the use of this method, SnO2, In2O3, WO3, ZnO and other metal oxide nanowires were obtained [1][2][3][4][5]. Liquid phase synthesis methods have also been widely implemented [6][7][8][9

• ]. The use of metal oxide nanowires as sensing elements in gas sensors continues along two directions: The first direction involves the use of large quantities of nanowires or “nanosponge”. For example, nanowires can be grown on the surface of metallic electrodes deposited on a dielectric substrate

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• magnetostrictive properties of cobalt ferrite materials [15]. Among the several chemical techniques that can be used for synthesizing magnetic metal-oxide NPs (such as thermal decomposition [16], hydrothermal method [17], co-precipitation of precursors [18], combustion reaction [19]), the polyol process has

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• of functional nanoarchitectures. Within this scope, clays can be of special relevance in the production of photoactive materials as they offer an advantageous way for the stabilization and immobilization of diverse metal-oxide nanoparticles. The controlled assembly under mild conditions of titanium

• of functional nanoarchitectures by means of their assembly with diverse active compounds including nanoparticles (NPs) of variable nature, such as metal-oxide NPs, which is of great interest for many diverse applications [7][8][9][10][11]. As it is well known, clay minerals are a big family of

• [8][10][11]. A useful strategy to enhance the photocatalytic activity of metal-oxide NPs considered here consists in their distribution as homogenously as possible on the surface of clay minerals acting as supports and provided with large specific area and porosity. Among the clay materials (Figure 1

Quantitative analysis of annealing-induced instabilities of photo-leakage current and negative-bias-illumination-stress in a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1125–1130, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.112

• irrespective of treatment temperature. NBIS-induced critical instability occurs in the high-temperature-annealed TFT. Keywords: metal oxide; photo-induced instabilities; photon energy; thermal annealing; thin-film transistor (TFT) device; Introduction The rapid process of industrialization and

• commercialization has accelerated the development of consumption electronics and micromachining technology. One of the most successful modern-day microelectronic products are metal-oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) that guarantee large-scale integrated circuits for applications in transparent and flexible flat

• formation of the metal-oxide atomic framework, improving the channel layer quality. The notorious I–V hysteresis is regarded as an indicator for the quality of the GI/semiconductor interface. The values of the hysteresis, i.e., the difference of VGS at IDS = 1 pA scanned in the forward and reverse

Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a saturable absorber for giant chirped pulse generation

• Ji-Shu Liu,
• Xiao-Hui Li,
• Abdul Qyyum,
• Yi-Xuan Guo,
• Tong Chai,
• Hua Xu and
• Jie Jiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1065–1072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.107

• . In addition, FONPs also exhibit nonlinear photonic properties such as two-photon absorption, nonlinear scattering, and optical confinement [1][2]. Ferrous ferric oxide (Fe3O4) is a transition metal oxide that has a large third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility of χ(3) = 4.0 × 10−10 esu and an

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• . Keywords: 1D nanomaterials; cationic surfactants; stability; surface complexation model; titanate nanowires; Introduction Among the extensive variety of metal oxide nanomaterials, titanium dioxide nanomaterials (TNMs) (e.g., anatase, rutile, TiO2(B) and titanate) have attracted considerable attention

• importance for the successful application of NMs in general, as well as for their fate in the environment. Many applications require stable NM dispersions, while for some others, aggregation may be desirable. In aqueous medium, amphoteric surface groups of metal oxide NMs can be protonated or deprotonated

Concurrent nanoscale surface etching and SnO₂ loading of carbon fibers for vanadium ion redox enhancement

• Jun Maruyama,
• Shohei Maruyama,
• Tomoko Fukuhara,
• Toru Nagaoka and
• Kei Hanafusa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 985–992, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.99

• , we attempted to obtain an additional enhancement effect of metal-oxide nanoparticles without the need for further processing steps. A coating with carbonaceous thin films was obtained coating by sublimation, deposition, and pyrolysis of tin(II) phthalocyanine (SnPc) on a carbon fiber surface in a

• overpotential and a stable cycling performance. A facile and efficient technique based on the nanoscale processing of the carbon fiber surface was presented to substantially enhance the activity for the redox reactions in redox flow batteries. Keywords: carbon fiber; electrode reactions; metal-oxide

• , although the enhancement of the former was limited. It has been recognized that the modification of the carbon fiber surface by metal oxide nanoparticles also enhances the redox reactions [16][17][18]. In this study, we attempted the combination of the effects of edge-plane exposure and loading with metal

Experimental study of an evanescent-field biosensor based on 1D photonic bandgap structures

• Jad Sabek,
• Francisco Javier Díaz-Fernández,
• Luis Torrijos-Morán,
• Zeneida Díaz-Betancor,
• Ángel Maquieira,
• María-José Bañuls,
• Elena Pinilla-Cienfuegos and
• Jaime García-Rupérez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 967–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.97

• , due to the various advantages it provides, e.g., high sensitivity, miniaturization, high multiplexing level, fast response, need for very low sample and reagent volumes and the compatibility to complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication [3]. Chip-integrated photonic biosensors have