Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

• Fuat Topuz and
• Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

• (iv, vi, vii) and colored STEM (v) images and the particle size-distribution plots (iii) of MSNs produced at two different concentrations of β-CD (MSN-1 (b) and MSN-2 (c)). (a) Reference sample (MSN-20) synthesized in the absence of CD molecules at identical concentrations of TEOS (1% (v/v)) and CTAC

• /v) and r(CD/CTAC) = 2.5. Insets show the size-distribution plots of the respective particles. TEM (i, iii, iv) and colored STEM (ii) images, and as well as the particle size-distribution plots (v) of MSN particles (MSN-6-9) produced at various concentrations of HP-γ-CD (a–d). cCD = 0.10–0.60% (w/v

• ), cCTAC = 0.20% (w/v) and r(CD/CTAC) = 0.50 (a), 0.85 (b), 2 (c) and 3 (d). denotes the mean pore size calculated from the TEM images. TEM (i, ii), colored STEM (iii, iv) images, and the particle size-distribution plots (v) of MSNs (MSN-10-12) produced at various HP-γ-CD concentrations. cCTAC = 0.40

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• morphology of nanoparticles [22] (herein evaluated by solar cell performance). Particle size distribution The size of the nanoparticles has an impact on the overall number of layers of particles in an OPV device active layer (as 100 nm thick active layer has been found to be optimal), i.e., smaller particles

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• with different alignments and their XRD results. It indicates the intensity of the (002) peak is enhanced if the CNTs in the sample are less aligned [130]. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a method for evaluating the particle size distribution or nanohole size distribution in the sample. This

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• dilution of the solution. Figure 15 shows the results of particle size analysis for the intercalation solution using the laser beam dynamic scattering method (analyzer Zetasizer Nano ZS «Malvern Instruments Ltd», He–Ne laser with a wavelength of 633 nm and a recording angle of 173°). The particle size

• distribution curve features a peak at 1.5 nm, which corresponds to polymeric forms of the (TiO)8(OH)124+ polycations, as mentioned previously [8][26]. Intercalated and TiO2-pillared montmorillonite The intercalation of montmorillonite with titanium polyhydroxo complexes was performed by ion exchange in a 1

Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation

• Lan Ching Sim,
• Jing Lin Wong,
• Chen Hong Hak,
• Jun Yan Tai,
• Kah Hon Leong and
• Pichiah Saravanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35

• ) HRTEM image of CD/g-C3N4(0.5). The insets of (b) and (e) show the energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) results and particle size distribution of CDs, respectively. (a) XRD patterns and (b) FTIR spectra of g-C3N4, CD/g-C3N4(0.1), CD/g-C3N4(0.2), and CD/g-C3N4(0.5). (a) The absorption spectrum of

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• over the entire substrate. (b) Selected area electron diffraction results in a pattern corresponding to the fcc silver diffraction pattern (green). (c) EDX line scan over two particles (cf. red line in inset). A high content of silver was detected. (d) Particle size distribution of the silver

Co-reductive fabrication of carbon nanodots with high quantum yield for bioimaging of bacteria

• Jiajun Wang,
• Xia Liu,
• Gesmi Milcovich,
• Tzu-Yu Chen,
• Edel Durack,
• Sarah Mallen,
• Yongming Ruan,
• Xuexiang Weng and
• Sarah P. Hudson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 137–145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.16

• consistent with the (102), (100) and (002) diffraction planes, respectively, of sp2 graphitic carbon [28][29]. The corresponding particle size distribution histograms (Figure 1D–F) show the average diameter of the Sa, Sb and Se materials is 4.7 ± 1.0 nm, 2.2 ± 0.5 nm and 7.8 ± 1.8 nm, respectively. X-ray

Thermo- and electro-optical properties of photonic liquid crystal fibers doped with gold nanoparticles

• Agata Siarkowska,
• Miłosz Chychłowski,
• Daniel Budaszewski,
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Tomasz R. Woliński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2790–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.278

• nanoparticles (NPs): particle size distribution of Au NPs obtained by using a disc centrifuge sedimentation method (a) and UV–vis spectrum of Au NPs in an organic solvent (b). Cross-section of the PCF 061221 (a) and experimental setup for measuring the propagation spectra in PLCF (b). Experimental setup for

Hyperthermic intracavitary nanoaerosol therapy (HINAT) as an improved approach for pressurised intraperitoneal aerosol chemotherapy (PIPAC): Technical description, experimental validation and first proof of concept

• Daniel Göhler,
• Stephan Große,
• Alexander Bellendorf,
• Thomas Albert Falkenstein,
• Mehdi Ouaissi,
• Jürgen Zieren,
• Michael Stintz and
• Urs Giger-Pabst

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2729–2740, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.272

• ., Shoreview, USA), was operated for the determination of the number-weighted particle size distribution and particle number concentration from 14–723 nm. A time-of-flight spectrometer (APS, model 3321, TSI Inc., Shoreview, USA) was employed for the characterisation of the number-weighted droplet size

Involvement of two uptake mechanisms of gold and iron oxide nanoparticles in a co-exposure scenario using mouse macrophages

• Dimitri Vanhecke,
• Dagmar A. Kuhn,
• Dorleta Jimenez de Aberasturi,
• Sandor Balog,
• Ana Milosevic,
• Dominic Urban,
• Diana Peckys,
• Niels de Jonge,
• Wolfgang J. Parak,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.239

• the particles: The brackets indicate the average value: where ri,c and Ri are, respectively, the radius of the core and hydrodynamic radius of the i-th particle. Finally, the overall number of particles is where is the third raw moment of the particle size distribution P(rc). We describe both rc and R

In situ controlled rapid growth of novel high activity TiB₂/(TiB₂–TiN) hierarchical/heterostructured nanocomposites

• Jilin Wang,
• Hejie Liao,
• Yuchun Ji,
• Fei Long,
• Yunle Gu,
• Zhengguang Zou,
• Weimin Wang and
• Zhengyi Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2116–2125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.211

• particle [32][33][34]; (2) the infiltration and erosion of N*, Ti* and H2 vapors [28][29][30] in the RC-SHS process could lead to the rough metastable surface with abundant active atoms and/or defects; or (3) the novel hierarchical/heterostructured nanocomposites with a uniform particle size distribution

Synthesis and characterization of noble metal–titania core–shell nanostructures with tunable shell thickness

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Dariusz Zasada and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2083–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.208

• calibration measurement was carried out after measurement of each sample (with the same conditions) using carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles (100 nm or 200 nm) supplied by the manufacturer. The statistical data for the particle size distribution, including mean particle diameter, mode particle diameter

• . Synthesis route of the Au@TiO2 and Ag@TiO2 core–shell nanostructures. Particle size and particle size distribution of synthesized core–shell nanostructures measured using TRPS.a Supporting Information Supporting Information File 144: Additional experimental data. TRPS size histograms, images, UV–vis

Evaluation of preparation methods for suspended nano-objects on substrates for dimensional measurements by atomic force microscopy

• Petra Fiala,
• Daniel Göhler,
• Benno Wessely,
• Michael Stintz,
• Giovanni Mattia Lazzerini and
• Andrew Yacoot

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1774–1785, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.179

• recommendation focuses on the number-weighted constituent particle size distribution by which a material is classified as nanomaterial when the median constituent particle diameter is ≤100 nm. This is seen, especially for complex-nanostructured particles, as a metrological challenge for particle measurement

• , convection drying). Both the generated droplet size and the state of dispersion (i.e., concentration and homogeneity) of the suspension influence the arising aerosol. Dissolved salts (e.g., stabilizers, trace elements) in the continuous phase of the suspension affect the particle size distribution due to

• crystallization during droplet drying. Thus, artificially generated aerosols are typically classified afterwards within differential electrical mobility classifiers according to ISO 15900:2009 [28]. To avoid an overlap of the nano-object mode and a residual mode in the particle size distribution, even finer

Uptake and intracellular accumulation of diamond nanoparticles – a metabolic and cytotoxic study

• Antonín Brož,
• Lucie Bačáková,
• Pavla Štenclová,
• Alexander Kromka and
• Štěpán Potocký

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1649–1657, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.165

• particles (DNDs) are produced [20]. A typical size distribution has a maximum DND diameter of around 5 nm. The second group of NDs are prepared by mechanical grinding of high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) diamond crystals [21]. The HPHT ND particle size distribution can be mechanically controlled down to

Development of polycationic amphiphilic cyclodextrin nanoparticles for anticancer drug delivery

• Gamze Varan,
• Juan M. Benito,
• Carmen Ortiz Mellet and
• Erem Bilensoy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1457–1468, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.145

• -formulation studies were used as a basis for selecting the suitable organic solvent and surfactant concentration for the novel polycationic cyclodextrin nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were then extensively characterized with particle size distribution, polydispersity index, zeta potential, drug loading

• parameters play an important role on the mean diameter of the nanoparticles. Our primary concern was to obtain an optimal particle size distribution with a diameter less than 200 nm and a polydispersity index lower than 0.2; therefore, the corresponding parameters were thoroughly assessed. The effect of

• mL ultrapure water using the conditions previously given. Mean particle size distribution and surface charge The mean particle diameter (nm), PDI and zeta potential (mV) of amphiphilic CD nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) (NanoZS, Malvern Instruments, UK). All

Cationic PEGylated polycaprolactone nanoparticles carrying post-operation docetaxel for glioma treatment

• Cem Varan and
• Erem Bilensoy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1446–1456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.144

• was removed from the surface of the PET film to obtain the final product. Nanoparticle characterization Particle size distribution and surface charge analysis: the mean particle diameter and polydispersity index of the nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique using a

• may be effective for the spontaneous formation of nanoparticles at the interface and at obtaining a smaller particle size. Another important parameter affecting the final nanoparticle properties is reported to be the presence and concentration of the surfactant, which can influence particle size

• distribution and surface properties. According to the results in Table 2, the addition of surfactant did not reduce the particle size; on the contrary, the mean particle size significantly increased proportional to the concentration of PF68 for both polymer PCL and mePEG-PCL (p < 0.05). Although it has been

Miniemulsion copolymerization of (meth)acrylates in the presence of functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes for reinforced coating applications

• Bertha T. Pérez-Martínez,
• Lorena Farías-Cepeda,
• Víctor M. Ovando-Medina,
• José M. Asua,
• Lucero Rosales-Marines and
• Radmila Tomovska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1328–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.134

• independent of the MWCNT concentration, indicating that the presence of MWCNTs reduced the efficiency of the miniemulsification by increasing the viscosity of the system. In Figure 1, the evolution of the particle size distribution per number of particles during the miniemulsion polymerization of MMA/BA/HEMA

• in situ composites. Particle size distribution in miniemulsion polymerization of MMA/BA/HEMA in the presence of various amounts of functionalized MWCNTs at different reaction times. Conversion vs time curves for the MMA/BA/HEMA miniemulsion polymerizations with different MWCNT concentrations

Bright fluorescent silica-nanoparticle probes for high-resolution STED and confocal microscopy

• Isabella Tavernaro,
• Christian Cavelius,
• Henrike Peuschel and
• Annette Kraegeloh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.130

• nanoparticles. Indeed, it is well known that the particle size increases with an increase in ammonia concentration [53][54]. The use of ammonia could be a major limitation for dyes, which are sensitive to high-alkaline pH values. Another drawback of both methods is a broader particle size distribution (Table 2

• influence on the particle size distribution nor on the degree of agglomeration. Only the particle size increase slightly with an increasing dye concentration Therefore, our synthesis allows one to tune the dye content that can be incorporated into the particle matrix. This is important for cell interaction

• carried out using a Philips CM200 FEG (FEI Company, Netherlands). The samples were prepared by immersion of a 200-mesh carbon-coated copper grid into the nanoparticle suspension. The average primary particle size and the particle size distribution were determined by analysing SEM and TEM images using the

Study of the correlation between sensing performance and surface morphology of inkjet-printed aqueous graphene-based chemiresistors for NO₂ detection

• F. Villani,
• C. Schiattarella,
• T. Polichetti,
• R. Di Capua,
• F. Loffredo,
• B. Alfano,
• M. L. Miglietta,
• E. Massera,
• L. Verdoliva and
• G. Di Francia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1023–1031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.103

• followed by 20 min long phases in inert atmosphere (baseline and recovery phases, respectively). Particle size distribution of the synthesized dispersed graphene in the prepared suspension measured by DLS. Pictures of the four investigated devices. D-P17 and D-P25 are the paper-based devices, while D-AO is

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• complexity associated with having to address the impact of particle size distribution and agglomeration on the fate and transport and bio-uptake of ENMs by ecological receptors. Given the complexity of quantifying environmental exposures to ENMs and the scarcity of toxicity data at the organism level

Selective detection of Mg²⁺ ions via enhanced fluorescence emission using Au–DNA nanocomposites

• Tanushree Basu,
• Khyati Rana,
• Niranjan Das and
• Bonamali Pal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 762–771, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.79

• from the observed changes in the optical absorption, plasmon band, zeta potential, DLS particle size distribution, as well as TEM and AFM surface morphology analysis. Circular dichroism studies also revealed that DNA-functionalized AuNP binding caused a conformational change in the DNA structure. Due

• nanocomposites. Dynamic light scattering particle size distribution of bare and DNA modified (a,b) AuNS-1, (c,d) AuNRs and (e) their comparative average diameter data. AFM images of (a,b) AuNS 1-DNA nanocomposites and (c,d) AuNR–DNA nanocomposites showing height and amplitude mode. 3D AFM images of Au–DNA

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• . Hydrothermal syntheses are frequently used to obtain composite oxides with uniform particle size distribution. The synthesized material can effectively buffer volume change caused by charge and discharge; and improve the electrical conductivity of the electrode [26][29][30][31][32][33][34]. Experimental

Investigation of the photocatalytic efficiency of tantalum alkoxy carboxylate-derived Ta₂O₅ nanoparticles in rhodamine B removal

• Subia Ambreen,
• Mohammad Danish,
• Narendra D. Pandey and
• Ashutosh Pandey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 604–613, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.65

• –condensation of tantalum alkoxide and the alkoxy chloroacetate derivatives. X-ray diffraction patterns were recorded on a RIGAKU Smart lab X-ray diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation. The particle size distribution in chloroform dispersion was recorded by a Nanotrac particle analyser. TEM images were taken on a

The longstanding challenge of the nanocrystallization of 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX)

• Florent Pessina and
• Denis Spitzer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 452–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.49

• was added just before drying the slurry by spray drying. Mean particle diameters down to 400 and 200 nm have been measured by DLS for RDX- and CL-20-based composites, respectively, after milling. However, no particle size distribution (PSD) curve was provided nor was the dispersion of the results

• focused on military-grade RDX pellets. The scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and SEM analyses showed a particle size distribution around 64 nm for a 200 mJ pulse and a 75 mJ pulse. No further analysis has been reported, such as trace decomposition, crystalline quality, apparent density, sensitivity

• chemical interaction was also found from IR and Raman spectra. The high versatility of the SFE permits the processing of liquid (poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 400) and solid (PVP 40k) polymers to tune the RDX particle size distribution from the nanometer to the micrometer scale with controlled shapes [121

Tailoring bifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic nanoadsorbents by the choice of functional layer composition probed by adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions

• Veronika V. Tomina,
• Inna V. Melnyk,
• Yuriy L. Zub,
• Aivaras Kareiva,
• Miroslava Vaclavikova,
• Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva and
• Vadim G. Kessler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 334–347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.36

• . During synthesis APTES was first added to the ethanol–water–ammonium solution, and then the mixture of alkoxysilanes with different TEOS/PFES ratios was introduced. Morphology and particle size distribution of bifunctional silica samples were examined using SEM (Figure 1 and Figure 2). It is important to

• on a spectrophotometer Specord UV–vis (model M-40). SEM images and particle size distribution curves for amino/methyl-containing samples NM, NMi, NMh. SEM images of amino-/fluorine-containing samples. 13C (a) and 29Si (b) CP/MAS NMR spectra of the synthesized samples. Pseudo-second-order kinetic