Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• radical polymerization [13]. The versatility of cell surface engineering methods has led to intersections between these routes yielding functionalised cells with multiple functionalities [14]. Relatively solid microbial cells with cell walls as well as soft mammal cells (including human cells) were used

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• to a reduction in the conversion of αG1P monomer into insoluble products (Figure 3), which was estimated from the insoluble product weights and the average degree of polymerization () values calculated from the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI–TOF) mass spectra (see

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• hydrogenation reactions [6]. The catalytic activity of Ni nanoparticles can be used in hydrogenation reactions of alkenes [7], styrene [8], and quinoline [9]. Semihydrogenation reactions of alkynes lead to overhydrogenation [10] or polymerization in the case of acetylene to form oligomers [11]. One can

• induced by microwave heating [21] as well as through ligand hydrogenation [22]. The complete removal of alkynes from alkenes is very important in industrial olefin polymerization reactions. Examples are the separation of acetylene from ethylene [22][23] or of phenylacetylene from styrene [24]. The

• presence of small quantities of alkynes significantly reduces the efficiency of catalysts in the subsequent polymerization reactions. Semihydrogenation reactions are an interesting way not only to remove but also to convert the alkynes to the respective polymerizable alkenes [25]. The addition of main

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

•  1). The IR spectra reveal that polymerization reactions occur during ball milling (Figure S1B, Supporting Information File 1). In particular, the condensation of urea with the urethane group is initiated during the milling process shown by the disappearing peaks of NH2 (3335 cm−1) and of C=O (1715

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• nontrivial fundamental challenges, which are actively studied using the quantitative analysis of self-assembly processes proposed by Hiraoka [76] and the temporal control of supramolecular polymerization by Dhiman and George [77]. Shimizu summarized various parameters regulating the self-assembly of lipid

• materials for the fabrication of two-dimensionally structures. As depicted in Figure 8, Yonamine et al. successfully demonstrated the one-dimensional supramolecular polymerization of DNA origami pieces upon repeated mechanical compression and expansion of the two-dimensional air–water interface [219]. The

• indispensable for the formation of these supramolecular polymers of DNA origami. A simple application of high pressure is not enough to obtain supramolecular polymerization of DNA origami pieces at the air–water interface. 3 Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for MOF and COF Interfaces are attractive platforms to

Synthesis of P- and N-doped carbon catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction via controlled phosphoric acid treatment of folic acid

• Rieko Kobayashi,
• Takafumi Ishii,
• Yasuo Imashiro and
• Jun-ichi Ozaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1497–1510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.148

• ) (PFA). Two types of PFA-based carbon materials were prepared by using hydrochloric acid or phosphoric acid as polymerization initiators (non-doped and P-doped PFA carbon materials, respectively). Electrochemical methods The ORR activity of carbon materials was probed by rotating disk electrode

A biomimetic nanofluidic diode based on surface-modified polymeric carbon nitride nanotubes

• Kai Xiao,
• Baris Kumru,
• Lu Chen,
• Lei Jiang,
• Bernhard V. K. J. Schmidt and
• Markus Antonietti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1316–1323, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.130

• systems and the generation of blue energy from salinity gradients [23][24]. We fabricated a carbon nitride nanotube membrane (CNNM) via an anodic aluminium oxide (AAO)-templated vapor deposition–polymerization process. Subsequently, the CNNMs were modified with 3-allyloxy-2-hydroxy-1-propanesulfonic acid

• nitrogen. Moreover, it meets our requirements to fabricate negatively charged carbon nitride nanotubes and a fully condensed conjugated structure that stabilizes the π-electron system for a high charge mobility [25]. The g-CN nanotube membrane (CNNM) was fabricated through vapor deposition–polymerization

• polymerization temperature was set to 773 K. Then, the evaporated precursor was deposited and polymerized in the porous AAO membrane, generating carbon nitride nanotubes. Figure 1c shows a schematic of a bare AAO membrane and the carbon nitride nanotubes formed in the AAO membrane. Similar to bulk g-CN

Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Rafael Gomes Morais,
• Natalia Rey-Raap,
• José Luís Figueiredo and
• Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1089–1102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.109

• in conventionally doped materials (N-AGC and N-CGC) is more pronounced than that of their doped ball-milled counterparts. This peak can be assigned to sp2-hybridized carbons in a triazine aromatic ring (N–C=N) [30], which may result from the polymerization of melamine during the subsequent thermal

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• by polymerization of dopamine in alkaline environment. The polymerization process results in the formation of a PDA shell around the AuNR core (Scheme 1). The thickness of the PDA shell can be controlled by the concentration of dopamine added to reaction mixture. In this study we mixed 10 mL of AuNRs

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• PBS nanocomposites. Nano-hybrid fillers (based on Mg2Al or Zn2Al LDH cations and with different anions from carboxylic and dicarboxylic acids, ascorbic acid and amino acids) were incorporated to PBS polymer by both methods: in situ polymerization and melt extrusion. Depending on the type of organic

• molecules, chain extension or plasticizing effects were observed. In the case of in situ polymerization, an increase in the Newtonian zero-shear viscosity of nearly 20–28 times was observed when LDHs with embedded PBS oligomers were used, whereas the smaller molecules increased η0 from 40–50 Pa s for

• compared to the in situ polymerization approach. The best results were obtained for Zn2Al/TYR and Zn2Al/cinnamic LDHs (5 wt %), from 115 to 245 and 360 Pa s respectively, while in other cases the differences were smaller. Our present results are here spectacular, since an increase of 80 times for η0 is

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• an inorganic layer and a liquid core containing a fluorophore. The polymeric capsules are synthesized by free radical miniemulsion polymerization and contain covalently bound carboxylate surface functionalities that allow for the binding of metal ions through electrostatic interaction. A cerium(IV

• under argon atmosphere [sample NC(Ar)] by free-radical miniemulsion polymerization [46]. The continuous phase contains SDS (30 mg) and demineralized water (30 g). The disperse phase contains styrene (1.8 g) and acrylic acid (0.2 g) as monomers, hexadecane (4 g) with the fluorescent dye TDI and the

• initiator V59 (100 mg). The two phases were mixed and pre-emulsified by stirring at 1000 rpm for 1 h. The emulsion was prepared by ultrasonication (Branson Digital Sonifier 450-D; 1/2″ tip, 90% intensity, 2 min) while cooling in an ice-water bath to avoid polymerization due to heating. The polymerization

Widening of the electroactivity potential range by composite formation – capacitive properties of TiO₂/BiVO₄/PEDOT:PSS electrodes in contact with an aqueous electrolyte

• Konrad Trzciński,
• Mariusz Szkoda,
• Andrzej P. Nowak,
• Marcin Łapiński and
• Anna Lisowska-Oleksiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 483–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.49

• vs Ag/AgCl (0.1 M KCl)). The charge consumed during polymerization was in the range from 0.01 to 0.1 mC·cm−2 per pulse, which is expected to deposit a conducting polymer film of 0.07 to 0.7 nm per pulse. An exemplary chronoamperometric curve (single pulse) is presented in Figure 1a. A Pt/PEDOT:PSS

Nanocomposite–parylene C thin films with high dielectric constant and low losses for future organic electronic devices

• Marwa Mokni,
• Gianluigi Maggioni,
• Abdelkader Kahouli,
• Sara M. Carturan,
• Walter Raniero and
• Alain Sylvestre

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 428–441, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.42

• chemical vapor deposition polymerization of parylene C combined with RF-sputtering of silver. It was demonstrated that the plasma itself induces changes in the density and semi-crystalline character of parylene C. A decrease in the density, an increase in the degree of crystallinity and an increase of

pH-mediated control over the mesostructure of ordered mesoporous materials templated by polyion complex micelles

• Emilie Molina,
• Mélody Mathonnat,
• Jason Richard,
• Patrick Lacroix-Desmazes,
• Martin In,
• Philippe Dieudonné,
• Thomas Cacciaguerra,
• Corine Gérardin and
• Nathalie Marcotte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.14

• transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) according to published procedures [29]. All reactions were carried out in the absence of air using standard Schlenk techniques and vacuum-line manipulation. All the chemicals used for the reaction (tert-butyl acrylate 98%, α-methoxy-ω-hydroxy-poly(ethylene oxide) with

Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness

• Peter van Assenbergh,
• Marike Fokker,
• Julian Langowski,
• Jan van Esch,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Dimitra Dodou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 79–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.8

• -polymer (base) and crosslinker (curing agent) were purchased from Dow Corning, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, Selvol PVOH 165; hydrolysis rate: 99.65% ± 0.35%; degree of polymerization: about 2000, as reported by the manufacturer) was purchased from Sekisui Chemical Group. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) was

• particles: Carboxylated polystyrene (PS) particles with a sub-microscale diameter were synthesized in a single-step surfactant-free emulsion polymerization, according to Appel et al. [42]. The particles were washed by centrifugation three times in ethanol and three times in water. The particles were

Zn/F-doped tin oxide nanoparticles synthesized by laser pyrolysis: structural and optical properties

• Florian Dumitrache,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Elena Dutu,
• Ion Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Alina Ilie,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Cristian Mihailescu,
• Adriana Smarandache and
• Gabriel Prodan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.2

• as dimerization, dehydrogenation, polymerization, reticulation, aromatization and carbonization with the final formation of amorphous hydrogenated carbon. For the ZTO0.44 case, in spite of an apparent oxygen excess, the carbon is still formed (the EDX-extracted carbon atomic percent is the smallest

Colloidal chemistry with patchy silica nanoparticles

• Pierre-Etienne Rouet,
• Cyril Chomette,
• Laurent Adumeau,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2989–2998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.278

• Ravensteijn has also reported asymmetric dumbbell-like particles, i.e., with two nodules of different chemical compositions, obtained through a phase separation process during the styrene emulsion polymerization seeded with cross-linked polystyrene (PS) particles coated with a thin layer of poly(vinylbenzyl

• of a central silica core and two or four PS nodules were prepared by the seeded-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene, according to an already published procedure [24]. The regrowth of the silica cores of the multipods, the subsequent dissolution of the PS nodules to create dimpled particles and

• by two or four PS satellite nodules, by seeded-growth emulsion polymerization of styrene, according to a procedure we published previously [24]. We used two batches of silica seeds with diameters of 48 and 53 nm, respectively, previously surface-modified with MMS or MPS (0.5 molecules per square

Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin-conjugated poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-modified γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles towards human tumor cells

• Zdeněk Plichta,
• Yulia Kozak,
• Rostyslav Panchuk,
• Viktoria Sokolova,
• Matthias Epple,
• Lesya Kobylinska,
• Pavla Jendelová and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2533–2545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.236

• added and the polymerization was started by heating at 60 °C for 16 h. Ethanol (5 mL) was removed on a rotary evaporator, the resulting poly[N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide-co-2-(N-methylmethacrylamido)acetate] [P(HPMA-MMAA)] was precipitated in diethyl ether, separated by centrifugation, repeatedly

• γ-Fe2O3 with PHPMA and P(HPMA-MMAA)-Dox First, PHPMA was prepared by precipitation polymerization and used as a coating of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Briefly, in an 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask, HPMA (2 g) freshly crystalized from ethyl acetate and AIBN (10 mg) were dissolved in ethyl acetate (18 mL) under

• Ar atmosphere and the polymerization proceeded at 60 °C for 16 h. The resulting PHPMA was washed with ethyl acetate and separated by filtration yielding 1.92 g of the polymer (Mn = 177 kDa). Aqueous solution of PHPMA (2 mL; 0.1 g PHPMA/mL) was then added to the γ-Fe2O3 colloid (2 mL; 0.1 g of γ-Fe2O3

Non-agglomerated silicon–organic nanoparticles and their nanocomplexes with oligonucleotides: synthesis and properties

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Nadezhda V. Shikina,
• Zinfer R. Ismagilov,
• Svetlana A. Yashnik,
• Dmitrii V. Semenov,
• Yulia I. Savinovskaya,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova,
• Inna A. Pyshnaya and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2516–2525, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.234

• particle size detected by AFM. Reasonable results on the diameter of the studied particles were obtained by dynamic light scattering (Table 1 and Table 2), which allows measurement of the particle size in solution (without effects of the drying process, which most likely leads to polymerization and

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• organisms through enzymatic polymerization of organic substrates such as sugar and glycerol [11][31]. The main difference between BC and other plant-derived CNFs is the absence of certain functional groups (except alcohol) and polymers (lignin, hemicellulose, and pectin) in BC [32]. Therefore, BC is known

• multiple carboxy functional groups for the adsorption of uranium(VI) and cobalt(II). The co-polymerization of itaconic acid and methacrylic acid was able to introduce three carboxy functionalities which increased reactivity and hydrophilicity for effective removal of the metal ions from the aqueous

Block copolymers for designing nanostructured porous coatings

• Roberto Nisticò

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2332–2344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.218

• . In the work of Glassner et al. [62], they reported the synthesis of PS-b-PEO copolymers by coupling the reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization and the hetero Diels–Alder cycloaddition followed by subsequent retro-hetero Diels–Alder mechanisms by a heating/washing

• peculiar characteristic can be coupled with sol–gel processes to produce well-ordered oxidic architectures [95][96]. The sol–gel process involves various chemical reactions such as hydrolysis, condensation, and consequently, polymerization involving the monomers (for inorganic systems, either metal

• linear AB diblock copolymers. Reprinted with permission from [42], copyright 2014 The Royal Society of Chemistry. f: volume fraction of one block; χ: Flory–Huggins interaction parameter; N: degree of polymerization; L: lamellae; H: hexagonally packed cylinders; Q230: double-gyroid phase; Q229: body

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• the polymerization of olefins [15][16] and as precursors in chemical vapor (CVD) processes of rare-earth materials such as oxides and nitrides [17][18][19]. It is especially advantageous that the decomposition products from the amidinate ligand are gaseous so that product contamination is minimized

Uniform cobalt nanoparticles embedded in hexagonal mesoporous nanoplates as a magnetically separable, recyclable adsorbent

• Can Zhao,
• Yuexiao Song,
• Tianyu Xiang,
• Wenxiu Qu,
• Shuo Lou,
• Xiaohong Yin and
• Feng Xin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1770–1781, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.168

• (LDH). A uniform PDA coating initially covers the surface of LDH by dopamine self-polymerization under mild conditions. Well-dispersed Co nanoparticles are formed in the NPLs by the partial reduction of cobalt from Co2+ to Co0 with surface carbon during the heat treatment process. The surface

• used as an adsorbent for efficient removal of RhB dye from aqueous solutions. As illustrated in Scheme 1, firstly, CoAl LDH is synthesized with urea through a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, the LDH@PDA composite is obtained by coating CoAl LDH with PDA through self-polymerization of dopamine in

• ) solution. The pH of the above mixture was adjusted by 1 M HCl to 8.5, which resulted in the polymerization of dopamine. After vigorously stirring for 12 h, the dark precipitate (LDH@PDA) was carefully collected by centrifugation and washed with deionized water several times to remove unreacted dopamine

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• topographical scaffolds [27][28][29]. Different patterns of coated collagen/gelatin have been used to control cell attachment and subsequent cellular function. Numerous methods have been used to control the patterning of collagen/gelatin surfaces. These include, polymerization of gelatin methacrylate (GelMA

• surface patterning material or crosslinking agent used can also subsequently influence cytotoxicity and cell behavior [32][33]. Rizwan et al. have reported that micro/nanopillars comprised of gelatin could be fabricated through a combination of molding and polymerization of the gelatin with methacrylate

• , 333 to 650 nm wide, have been successfully fabricated using crosslinking with carbodiimide [46]. Gelatin pillars with a diameter of 250 nm to 1 µm have also been patterned using polymerization with GelMA. The swelling ratio of these pillars could be successfully controlled by changing the GelMA