Sonochemical co-deposition of antibacterial nanoparticles and dyes on textiles

• Ilana Perelshtein,
• Anat Lipovsky,
• Nina Perkas,
• Tzanko Tzanov and
• Aharon Gedanken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1–8, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.1

• the other hand, simultaneous deposition on solid surfaces of two materials was applied using methods such as reactive electron beam deposition [11], pulsed laser deposition [12], Langmuir–Blodgett [13], electrochemistry [14], ion sputtering [15], casting [16], and sonoelectrochemistry [17]. We could

Au nanoparticle-based sensor for apomorphine detection in plasma

• Chiara Zanchi,
• Andrea Lucotti,
• Matteo Tommasini,
• Sebastiano Trusso,
• Ugo de Grazia,
• Emilio Ciusani and
• Paolo M. Ossi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2224–2232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.228

• .6.228 Abstract Artificially roughened gold surfaces with controlled nanostructure produced by pulsed laser deposition have been investigated as sensors for apomorphine detection aiming at clinical application. The use of such gold surfaces has been optimized using aqueous solutions of apomorphine in the

• unfiltered human blood plasma is presented and discussed. Keywords: apomorphine; Au NPs; nano-roughened films; pulsed laser deposition; self-assembled films; SERS; Introduction In recent years, the analytical applications of Raman spectroscopy and its enhanced variant employing plasmonic media, the surface

• were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of a metal target in inert gas at high pressure. With respect to free expansion in vacuum, the ambient gas modifies the expansion of the plasma plume, consisting of species ablated from the target surface. Depending on the nature of the gas and the pressure

Fabrication of hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds by incorporating ligand-free hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into biodegradable polymer scaffolds and release studies

• Balazs Farkas,
• Marina Rodio,
• Ilaria Romano,
• Alberto Diaspro,
• Romuald Intartaglia and
• Szabolcs Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2217–2223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.227

• composite thin films of hydroxyapatite (HA) and biodegradable polymers by combining pulsed laser ablation in liquid and mask-projection excimer laser stereolithography (MPExSL). Ligand-free HA nanoparticles were prepared by ultrafast laser ablation of a HA target in a solvent, and then the nanoparticles

• ], combustion preparation [11] and various wet chemistry techniques [12][13]. However, these routes have drawbacks regarding the synthesis attributed to the use of hazardous surfactants that are not suitable for biomedical applications [14]. Pulsed laser ablation of solid targets in liquids (PLAL) for the

Improved optical limiting performance of laser-ablation-generated metal nanoparticles due to silica-microsphere-induced local field enhancement

• Zheren Du,
• Lianwei Chen,
• Tsung-Sheng Kao,
• Mengxue Wu and
• Minghui Hong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1199–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.122

• duration, and laser fluence) and the properties of the environment (e.g., surfactant concentration, pH value, or size and length of ligands) [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Laser ablation is an explosive material removal process using strong pulsed-laser irradiation. The LAL process causes the ejection of nanoclusters

Electronic interaction in composites of a conjugated polymer and carbon nanotubes: first-principles calculation and photophysical approaches

• Florian Massuyeau,
• Jany Wéry,
• Jean-Luc Duvail,
• Serge Lefrant,
• Abu Yaya,
• Chris Ewels and
• Eric Faulques

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1138–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.115

• at 4.64 eV with a 100 fs pulsed laser at low photon density (below 1017 cm−3) and PL images were recorded with a streak camera [16][17]. Steady-state PL spectra and quantum yields Q were measured at 3.1 eV excitation energy [18]. Photoconductivity measurements were performed at 2.54 eV with a high

Electron-stimulated purification of platinum nanostructures grown via focused electron beam induced deposition

• Brett B. Lewis,
• Michael G. Stanford,
• Jason D. Fowlkes,
• Kevin Lester,
• Harald Plank and
• Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 907–918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.94

• , for instance: WF6 [4], Co2(CO)8 [5], and AuClPF3 [6]; 2) mixed gas chemistries which react with the typically organic fragments [7][8] and 3) in situ substrate [9][10] or pulsed laser heating [11][12][13]. Several ex situ strategies have also been explored. Post annealing treatments in various

• ambients have been shown to improve the purity in PtCx deposits from the MeCpPt(IV)Me3 precursor and AuCx deposits from the Me2Au(acac) precursor [14]. Recently, pulsed laser annealing of PtCx deposits in O2 was also successful in fully photo-thermally inducing a C–O reaction to remove the carbon matrix

Nanostructuring of GeTiO amorphous films by pulsed laser irradiation

• Valentin S. Teodorescu,
• Cornel Ghica,
• Adrian V. Maraloiu,
• Mihai Vlaicu,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Magdalena L. Ciurea,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Ana M. Lepadatu,
• Nicu D. Scarisoreanu,
• Andreea Andrei,
• Valentin Ion and
• Maria Dinescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 893–900, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.92

• the formation of amorphous Ge nanoparticles through the segregation of Ge atoms in the GeTiO matrix. The nanostructuring effects induced by the laser irradiation can be used in functionalizing the surface of the films. Keywords: fast diffusion; GeTiO film; nanostructuring; pulsed laser annealing

• the pulsed-laser irradiation at the surface and beneath the surface of amorphous magnetron sputtered GeTiO films. The nanostructuring consists of two simultaneous processes, namely the laser-induced nanostructuring, i.e., the appearance of a wave-like topography on the film surface and the structure

• results from the RF magnetron sputtering films preparation. This shows that about 1/3 of the Ge content is lost from the surface layer affected by the laser radiation, and 2/3 of it can be segregated in amorphous Ge nanoparticles. Discussion The nanostructure formed at the GeTiO film surface by pulsed

Structure and mechanism of the formation of core–shell nanoparticles obtained through a one-step gas-phase synthesis by electron beam evaporation

• Andrey V. Nomoev,
• Sergey P. Bardakhanov,
• Makoto Schreiber,
• Dashima G. Bazarova,
• Nikolai A. Romanov,
• Boris B. Baldanov,
• Bair R. Radnaev and
• Viacheslav V. Syzrantsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 874–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.89

• synthesised using solution methods and usually involve two steps: synthesis of the core structure followed by coating the core structure with the shell material. Gas-phase synthesis techniques exist and usually involve chemical vapour deposition (CVD) or pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [1][2]. However these

Morphology control of zinc oxide films via polysaccharide-mediated, low temperature, chemical bath deposition

• Florian Waltz,
• Hans-Christoph Schwarz,
• Andreas M. Schneider,
• Stefanie Eiden and
• Peter Behrens

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 799–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.83

• more than 2100 publications in 2013 (Thomson Reuters, Web of Knowledge). Several methods have been used to deposit ZnO on different substrates, for example, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [11], chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [12][13], as well as wet chemical approaches such as sol–gel synthesis [14

Morphological and structural characterization of single-crystal ZnO nanorod arrays on flexible and non-flexible substrates

• Omar F. Farhat,
• Mohd M. Halim,
• Mat J. Abdullah,
• Mohammed K. M. Ali and
• Nageh K. Allam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 720–725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.73

• (CVD) [7], molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) [8], pulsed laser deposition (PLD) [9], vapor phase transport (VPT) [10], and thermal evaporation [11]. However, these methods are considered to be high-cost techniques since they require complex, expensive equipment, high vacuum conditions and high operation

Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres

• Reece D. Gately and
• Marc in het Panhuis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 508–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.53

• MWCNT, the metals acted as a catalyst to create a nanotube with a single wall. Similar to MWCNTs, the physical properties (inside diameter, length, degree of graphitization) of SWCNTs vary with the production method [12]. For example, during the synthesis of SWCNTs using pulsed laser vaporization (PLV

Nanoporous Ge thin film production combining Ge sputtering and dopant implantation

• Jacques Perrin Toinin,
• Alain Portavoce,
• Khalid Hoummada,
• Michaël Texier,
• Maxime Bertoglio,
• Sandrine Bernardini,
• Marco Abbarchi and
• Lee Chow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 336–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.32

• for the fabrication of nanocrystals by dewetting, such as metals or semiconductors. In addition, the structure of the dewetted layers can be controlled using several techniques such as pulsed laser annealing [35][36] or a substrate patterned by focused ion beam. The study of Ge dewetting on SiO2 [37

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• first successful synthesis of patterned BNNTs was performed by catalytic CVD [56]. To produce pure and vertically aligned BNNTs, a Si substrate was coated with Al2O3 of 30 nm thickness, then MgO, Ni, or Fe catalysts was deposited on the surface of the Al2O3 by pulsed laser deposition. This substrate was

Si/Ge intermixing during Ge Stranski–Krastanov growth

• Alain Portavoce,
• Khalid Hoummada,
• Antoine Ronda,
• Dominique Mangelinck and
• Isabelle Berbezier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.246

• ][2][3][4][5][6][35], the composition and the thickness of the wetting layer (WL) are still under discussion due to Si/Ge intermixing during growth [10][11][25]. In the present work, pulsed laser atom probe tomography (APT) has been used to quantitatively study (at the atomic scale and in the 3D space

• composition of the WL are not homogeneous and fluctuate between 1 to 4.5 nm, and between 5 to 30 atom % Ge, respectively. Results and Discussion The goal of this study is to quantitatively measure the composition of Ge islands in the three-dimensional space at the atomic scale using pulsed laser APT [37]. APT

• ordered domains are due to a surface effect located in a limited region, the APT measurements suggest that Si/Ge ordering takes place at the {113} facets. Conclusion Pulsed laser APT revealed the Si and Ge atomic distributions in large Ge dome islands buried by Si. The bulk composition of the islands

Localized surface plasmon resonances in nanostructures to enhance nonlinear vibrational spectroscopies: towards an astonishing molecular sensitivity

• Dan Lis and
• Francesca Cecchet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2275–2292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.237

• = ωvis + ωIR. Thanks to the very high electric field achieved with pulsed laser sources, the illuminated medium is thus polarized in a nonlinear regime and able to reemit electromagnetic waves at the SFG frequency. Being a hybrid mechanism that shares infrared and Raman activities, SFG adds up both

• limited amount of silver clusters possessing the right shape and size to fulfil the requirements of the nonlinear coherent Raman scattering, and also to the possible destruction of those silver clusters by the high energy femtosecond-pulsed laser. In 2014, Yamplosky et al. showed a new proof of single

Properties of plasmonic arrays produced by pulsed-laser nanostructuring of thin Au films

• Katarzyna Grochowska,
• Katarzyna Siuzdak,
• Peter A. Atanasov,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Anna Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov and
• Gerard Śliwiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2102–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.219

• . Keywords: Au nanostructures; laser dewetting; laser nanostructuring; plasmonic enhancement; self-organization; Introduction The capability of pulsed-laser beams to deliver energy to a precise space at a precise time stimulated developments of laser technology and a variety of applications in scientific

• surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak around 520 nm resulted in the observable decrease of the film roughness and resistivity [14]. In case of nanostructuring of a thin Au film by a pulsed-laser beam passing through a pinhole (60 μm), the forced arrangement of nanospheres into micro-circular patterns due

• mechanisms and final effect. Mechanisms relevant to the laser nanostructuring (LNS) of thin metal films are often discussed in the broader context of the non-equilibrium processes due to pulsed-laser interaction at time scales from micro- to femto-seconds and with nanofabrication by material ablation and

Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

• Juergen Bartelmess and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207

• nonlinear optical response (upon pulsed laser excitation with 10 ns pulses, at 532 nm wavelength) of CNOs with nanodiamonds and concluded, that the optical response of CNOs is stronger than the one of nanodiamonds. In addition, the nonlinear optical refraction of the CNOs was found to be negligible. Finally

Silicon and germanium nanocrystals: properties and characterization

• Ivana Capan,
• Alexandra Carvalho and
• José Coutinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1787–1794, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.189

• for thin film deposition. Together with thermal evaporation and pulsed laser deposition (PLD), they are all fabrication methods based on the production of sub-stoichiometric oxides, with thermal evaporation being the simplest among them. The NCs size, distribution and shape can be controlled by

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• toxicological studies. Nanoparticles synthesized by pulsed laser ablation in liquid are a promising alternative as this synthesis route provides totally ligand-free nanoparticles. The first part of this article reviews recent methods that allow the size control of laser-fabricated nanoparticles, focusing on

• filtration [23]. However, this process is very time consuming and often results in particle aggregation. Hence, pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) has proven to be a promising alternative for the synthesis of nanoparticles applicable in toxicity assays as it provides totally ligand-free colloidal

• problem of particle aggregation due to g-forces limits the use of this method. Another possibility for ligand-free size control of gold nanoparticles is re-irradiation with pulsed lasers, namely pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid (PLFL). Size control of gold nanoparticles by PLFL is induced by on- or

Observation and analysis of structural changes in fused silica by continuous irradiation with femtosecond laser light having an energy density below the laser-induced damage threshold

• Wataru Nomura,
• Tadashi Kawazoe,
• Takashi Yatsui,
• Makoto Naruse and
• Motoichi Ohtsu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1334–1340, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.146

• situ observation and analysis of an increase in scattering light intensity in fused silica substrates. In experiments conducted using a pulsed laser with a wavelength of 800 nm, a pulse width of 160 fs and pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz, we found that the scattered light intensity increased starting

• method according to ISO 11254-2 [9][10], for example. With this method, 200 locations on a sample surface are irradiated with single shots of pulsed laser light having different energy densities. The presence/absence of damage sites due to the irradiation is visually checked, and the minimum energy

• degradation in flat fused silica substrates, serving as the target material. The continuous irradiation with fs pulsed laser light has an energy density below the LIDT. We also analyzed the origin of the laser-induced degradation. Section 1 in Results and Discussion describes experiments in which we

Antimicrobial nanospheres thin coatings prepared by advanced pulsed laser technique

• Alina Maria Holban,
• Valentina Grumezescu,
• Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu,
• Bogdan Ştefan Vasile,
• Roxana Truşcă,
• Rodica Cristescu,
• Gabriel Socol and
• Florin Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 872–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.99

• -chitosan-magnetite-eugenol (PLA-CS-Fe3O4@EUG) nanospheres by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) investigation proved that the homogenous Fe3O4@EUG nanoparticles have an average diameter of about 7 nm, while the PLA

• pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) processing has been applied to overcome several drawbacks of conventional solvent-based deposition techniques, such as inhomogeneous films, inaccurate placement of material, and difficult or erroneous thickness control [17][18]. MAPLE has been used to obtain thin films

• polymeric microspheres. Thus, Socol et al., [43], firstly reported the novel deposition of PLGA–PVA, PLGA–PVA–BSA (bovine serum albumin) and PLGA–PVA–CS microspheres by matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) technique. SEM images of thin coatings reveal homogeneous and spherical-shaped particles

Towards precise defect control in layered oxide structures by using oxide molecular beam epitaxy

• Federico Baiutti,
• Georg Christiani and
• Gennady Logvenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 596–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.70

• , pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and sputtering. On the other hand, obvious limitations to the thickness of the samples and uncertainties in the deposition rates of each element, which eventually result in an off-stoichiometric growth, need to be taken into account. Indeed, at the present day there is no in

Manipulation of nanoparticles of different shapes inside a scanning electron microscope

• Boris Polyakov,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Leonid M. Dorogin,
• Jelena Butikova,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Sven Oras,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Ilmar Kink

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 133–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.13

• (150 nm) of different shape as deposited from a solution. High resolution SEM images of Ag nanowires (diameter 120 nm) after pulsed laser annealing (a). Ag NPs of different size produced by laser annealing (b). Different models for the estimation of the contact area: facet area of a polyhedron for Au

Mapping of plasmonic resonances in nanotriangles

• Simon Dickreuter,
• Julia Gleixner,
• Andreas Kolloch,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Elke Scheer and
• Paul Leiderer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 588–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.66

• of high field enhancement. These two techniques are variations of the same methods: The substrates carrying the nanostructures are irradiated with pulsed laser light. The ablation experiments are realized by using irradiation with femtosecond laser pulses, i.e., pulses shorter than the internal heat

Femtosecond-resolved ablation dynamics of Si in the near field of a small dielectric particle

• Paul Kühler,
• Daniel Puerto,
• Mario Mosbacher,
• Paul Leiderer,
• Francisco Javier Garcia de Abajo,
• Jan Siegel and
• Javier Solis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 501–509, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.59

• which allows us to conclude that our calculation of the maximum field enhancement expected (≈40) on the Si substrate for the particle size and irradiation geometry considered is quite accurate. When a pulsed laser of moderate fluence illuminates the surface, the local fluence close to the particle can