Electron-induced ligand loss from iron tetracarbonyl methyl acrylate

• Hlib Lyshchuk,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Thomas F. M. Luxford,
• Miloš Ranković,
• Jaroslav Kočišek,
• Juraj Fedor,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Pamir Nag

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 797–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.66

• in an inert atmosphere of dinitrogen using either Schlenk or glovebox techniques. Glassware was flame-dried or oven-dried for at least 3 h before use. Solvents (i.e., benzene and hexane) were purified using an MBraun MB-SP solvent purification system and stored over 3 Å molecular sieves for 24 h

• before use. Diiron nonacarbonyl was purchased from Fisher Scientific, and methyl acrylate was purchased from MilliporeSigma and used without further purification. Deuterated solvent (chloroform-d) for NMR was purchased from Cambridge Isotopes Lab and was stored over 4 Å molecular sieves for 24 h prior to

• the Schlenk line, followed by the addition of methyl acrylate (0.12 mL, 1.37 mmol) under an inert atmosphere of dinitrogen. The reaction mixture was stirred at 45 °C for 4 h, and the color of the solution gradually changed from yellow to brown. After 4 h, the solvent was removed under vacuum, and the

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• easily linked to the polymer or distributed to them in the same solvent; thus, a multicomponent composite system can be generated. Based on the parameters mentioned above, wound-dressing application is one of the most relevant research areas for these systems [7]. An effective wound dressing should

• peaks did not change much after the addition of salts; therefore, it can be said that a physical mixture was formed between the polymer and the salts. The peaks associated with DMF did not appear either [54], indicating that the solvent completely evaporated during electrospinning. Although the presence

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• ][56][57]. The origin of incorrect height measurements in 2D materials has been ascribed to the same sources as those mentioned above, including capillary forces and adhesion [8][46], electrostatic forces [58][59][60], or residues of the solvent [8]. However, in many cases, this is not enough to fully

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• synthesized with nitric acid demonstrated superior catalytic activity in MB degradation. Carbon quantum dots typically exhibit luminescence properties, with emission peaks in the blue region between 450 and 500 nm varying based on the solvent used [26][27][28]. In our research, CQDs showed upconversion

• catalytic activity in MB degradation, while those prepared with water as a solvent did not show significant catalytic activity. The samples were also characterized using UV–visible spectra, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• formation of doped, compounded, and encapsulated nanoparticles. It will be shown how the choice of solvent, synthesis method, and laser parameters influence the nanostructure formation as well as the amount and chain length of the generated polyyne by-products. Finally, theoretical approaches to address the

• reactions and radical species [43]. Besides the reactions involving metal salts during LRL, gas formation [44][45][46][47] and solvent decomposition [48][49][50][51] have also been reported, highlighting the importance of chemical reactions during the processes, although LSPC is often considered to be a

• solvent and shockwaves can initiate bimolecular reactions that primarily lead to dimerization but also allow for fragmentation, polymerization, and other reactions to occur [52]. Figure 1 schematically summarizes the classification of LSPC methods and the generated particles (left side), and by-products

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• . Glassware was flame-dried or oven-dried before use. Solvents (i.e., benzene and hexane) were purified using an MBraun MB-SP solvent purification system and stored over 4 Å molecular sieves before use. Reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification. Deuterated solvent

• Schlenk flask. To this solution, methyl acrylate (0.24 mL, 2.7 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 4 h at 45 °C, and then the solvent was removed under vacuum using Schlenk techniques. The crude product was then sublimed

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• the DCS nanocrystals Previous studies showed that polymorphisms can be induced by changing the solvent, the temperature of the experiment, and the substance concentration [29]. The synthesis of precipitated particles also depends on the concentrations of components, the combination of solvent and

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• Institute of Materials Science, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.15.38 Abstract Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently emerged as an alternative solvent for nanoparticle synthesis. There have been numerous advancements in the fabrication of silver nanoparticles

• In this study, we have proposed a novel strategy for Ag NP synthesis in a DES composed of ᴅ-glucose, glycerol, and urea. The Ag NPs-DES sample was prepared successfully through chemical reduction, in which DES acts as solvent and shape-controlling agent. Using NFT and SDZ as probe molecules, the SERS

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• differ, the work involves correlating the zeta potential data (experimental or computed) with the cell damage model as a descriptor. Cao et al. [26] also used zeta potential as one of the determinants for the modeled endpoint. The zeta potential of all data points was determined in the same solvent, and

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• analogues (SCA) within the system [33][34]. The AMBER force field is a widely recognized and extensively validated force field that provides accurate descriptions of molecular systems [35]. We evaluated the short-range PMFs between 22 SCAs and an Al slab in a solvent environment comprising water and salt

• -bonded potential () (including van der Waals (vdW) repulsion and solvent effects), a long-range core vdW potential (), and an electrostatic potential (Uel). Through interaction potentials for specific AAs with the NP, the overall interaction potential between the NP and the complete protein (Up−NP) is

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• (FTIR) results were displayed in the Supporting Information File 1 (Supplementary data 1) and Figure S1. Formulation of nanoparticles F127-folate@PLGA/IO/CHL/IR780 and others In 2 mL of DCM, 20 mg of PLGA, 40 μg of IO, 2 mg of CHL, and 0.1 mg of IR780 were mixed. The organic solvent was then added to

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• compounds were supplied by Merck KGaA, Germany. The CdSe/ZnS quantum dots used in this investigation were commercially purchased (PlasmaChem GmbH, Germany). Materials were provided in the solid state; the solvent used in the experiments was of spectroscopic grade. The resulting quantum dot solutions were

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• ), solvent control (5% ethanol, SC), and NE control (Cym-B and Myr-B). Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy of (A) Cym-NE and (B) Myr-NE. The in vitro drug release of nanoemulsions (Cym-NE, Myr-NE) and free terpenes (Cym-Sol and Myr-Sol). Kaplan–Meier survival curve of G. mellonella exposed to (A) Cym

• -Sol, (B) Myr-Sol, (C) Cym-NE, and (D) Myr-NE; DC: death control (100% methanol); SC: solvent control (ethanol 5%); TC: trauma control. Hydrodynamic diameter, PdI, and zeta potential of Cym-NEs.a Hydrodynamic diameter, PdI and zeta potential of Myr-NEs.a In silico molecular/physicochemical properties

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• mixture of dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide (DCM/DMF) solvent. Meanwhile, electrospun PLA nanofibers incorporated with BBR NPs had a wider diameter distribution with the addition of fiber diameters below 200 nm. Additionally, the BBR NPs/PLA nanofibers were more entangled and less uniform

• Berberine nanoparticles were formed through the antisolvent precipitation process described in our previous report [7]. A 7.0 wt % PLA solution was prepared by dissolving the PLA pellets in a solvent mixture of DCM/DMF with a weight ratio of 80/20 under magnetic stirring for 1 h at 50 °C. After that, the

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• polymers or the polymerization of monomers [17]. The first one is more commonly describe in the literature, and the techniques usually employed to produce them include nanoprecipitation, solvent evaporation, emulsification/solvent diffusion, and emulsification/reverse salting out [18][19]. The main

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• resist is spin-coated on top. The resist used is AZ® nLof 2020 diluted with AZ® EBR solvent. The producers describe this as a photoresist (UV), but it is also compatible with electron beams. It is spun on top of Py at 4000 rpm and baked at 110 °C for 1 min. The resulting thickness is around 448 nm for 1

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• film of PDA on the beaker’s wall), whereas they stabilize PDA NPs above this amount. The suspension stability was maintained when BSA/PDA NPs were in suspension in H2O or 150 mM NaCl solution. However, the mean hydrodynamic diameter varied with the solvent, with an increase by up to 50% for a BSA/DA

• values of Ox-BSA/PDA NPs and DAPI solutions, respectively, and ηOx-BSA/PDA NPs and ηDAPI are the refractive indices of the solvents of Ox-BSA/PDA NPs and DAPI solutions, respectively. Because the solvent is the same (water) for both Ox-BSA/PDA NPs and DAPI solutions, the value of is here equal to 1

• the solvent. (e) Mean hydrodynamic diameter in number of pristine PDA/BSA-NPs depending on the pH value. (f) Mean hydrodynamic diameter in number of pristine BSA/PDA NPs, Ox-BSA/PDA NPs, FITC-BSA/PDA NPs, and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs (all synthesized with a BSA/DA ratio of 10). Absorption and emission

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• polymerized phenolic resin (Novolak) and a diazonaphthoquinone sulfonate photoactive chemical that is converted into a carboxylic acid upon UV exposure, resulting in increased solubility of the photoresist in the alkaline developer [19]. Nevertheless, the solvent of AZ1518 (and many other photoresists

• crosslinked the imprinted SU-8 layer (Figure 1A(vi) and (vii)), resulting in a “reinforced” nanohole array (Figure 1A (viii)). Using these “reinforced” photoresist masters, PDMS replica molding and PU solvent casting allowed for the creation of the PU nanopillar and nanohole substrates (Figure 1B and

• PU solvent casting (Figure 3B), the hierarchical patterns were successfully replicated on PU films (Figure 3C–E and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S12). As can be seen from the AFM scans (Figure 3F–H), the microridge areas were around 15 µm in width, while the microgroove areas were slightly

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• . To enhance cell uptake, it is necessary to reduce the particle size. In this case, the size of MnCO3 templates can be reduced by modifying the experimental conditions, such as increasing the salt concentration, decreasing the reaction time and cosurfactant concentration, and changing the solvent type

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• to display finely intermixed networks of the donor and acceptor species at the scale of a few tens of nanometres. This was achieved by using diiodooctane as a solvent additive [21], following an identical processing protocol than the one described in our former report [11]. The topographic nc-AFM

• variation from batch to batch. In fact, the decay time constant dynamics we observed here are reminiscent of the SPV dynamics we previously observed in PTB7-enriched regions of blends processed without solvent additive [4]. The comparison seems even more pertinent when one considers that these PTB7-enriched

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• color change of the solution from blue to bluish-green and finally to black. The sample was dried, and the obtained black powder was CuO NPs. Spray coating was carried out to decorate CuO NPs onto ZnO NRs followed by heat treatment at 90 °C for 1 h to remove the remaining solvent and increase the

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• < x < 0.33). An− symbolizes a constituent ranging from (in)organic anions to macromolecules, and Sv stands for solvent molecules. This general composition leads to a plethora of highly tunable systems [12][13][14][15][16] with relevance in environmental applications [17], photocatalysis [18], energy

• particles [30][31][32]. The ARR decomposes at temperatures above 70 °C, which leads to the alkalinization of a solution containing cation reagents, eventually triggering the precipitation of LDHs [13][33][34][35]. The experimental conditions (concentration, solvent mixture, and temperature) will define the

• corresponding structure. Microscopy Sample preparation The dried solids were suspended in ethanol and drop cast onto Au TEM grids covered with a lacy carbon film, and the solvent was left to evaporate. SEM samples were prepared from the same solution after 5 min of ultrasonication. The sonicated suspension was

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• products, as shown in Figure 1. In addition to the properties of the catalyst material, other parameters, such as potential, pH, solvent, and temperature, also determine the formation of desired products. MOFs nanomaterials for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 Ni-based MOFs nanomaterials Two-dimensional

• , primarily because of the weak adsorption of CO2 on the MOF surface [45]. Solvents also play a vital role in CO2 reduction, as highlighted in Kumar’s study [46], where the dimethylformamide solvent supplied protons for HCOOH formation with high purity. Albo et al. assessed the catalytic activity of different

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• , namely molecule–molecule, molecule–substrate, and solvent–molecule interactions (Figure 1). The target molecules are dissolved in non-conductive solvents with low volatility, such as 1-phenyloctane, 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene (TCB), long-chain n-alkanes, and octanoic acid [35][36][37]. The physisorbed

• the effects of alkyl chains on 2D structure formation at the HOPG/solvent interface and we report some examples of the past decades. We present the effect of the alkyl chain on 2D structure formation either alone or combined with other non-covalent interactions. We then discuss the essential role of

• alkyl chains in 2D nanoarchitectures at the solid/liquid interface. Review 1 Adsorption of alkyl chains The first step in the formation of self-assembled structures at the HOPG/solvent interface is the adsorption of molecules via dispersion forces deriving from alkyl chains and other moieties such as

N-Heterocyclic carbene-based gold etchants

• Robert B. Chevalier,
• Justin Pantano,
• Matthew K. Kiesewetter and
• Jason R. Dwyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 865–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.71

• but also the potential for deliberate etching, with the outcome determined by choice of chemically synthesized organic species and solvent. Keywords: gold etchant; microfabrication; N-heterocyclic carbenes; self-assembled monolayer (SAM); thin films; Introduction Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are

• , in turn, can promote surface mobility of gold across a sample, allowing for the formation of herringbone structures, pits, and step edges [23][24][25]. Other work has shown that tetrahydrofuran (THF), an organic solvent used for SAM formation [1][2][4][6][7][8], can roughen the gold surface at atomic

• step edges [23]. We were thus interested in examining whether the loss of gold we had observed while attempting to surface-functionalize thin gold films with NHC monolayers could be attributed to the nature of the surface ligand, the solvent, or both. We therefore synthesized four different NHC-related