Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• anthropogenic activities. The catalytic CO oxidation is a very well established and exploited process. So far, noble metals such as Pt, Pd, Rh and Au dominated as catalysts for CO oxidation [10][11][12]. Various supports such as Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, CeO2, Fe2O3 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have also been used for

• used as catalyst/support because of its high activity and thermal stability. The advantages also include its inertness under acidic reaction environments [17]. Also, it is reported as a better catalyst and support than many other materials, such as Al2O3, TiO2 and SiO2 [18]. It has been used by

Tunable plasmons in regular planar arrays of graphene nanoribbons with armchair and zigzag-shaped edges

• Cristian Vacacela Gomez,
• Michele Pisarra,
• Mario Gravina and
• Antonello Sindona

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 172–182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.18

• detected in large-width, extrinsic GNR arrays fabricated on Al2O3 [26]. The surface plasmon of ZGNRs is originated by the large DOS peak observed at the Fermi level EF (Figure 1a,c). This mode shows a -like dispersion [31] and seems to be analogous to the conventional 2D plasmons of extrinsic graphene [19

Annealing-induced recovery of indents in thin Au(Fe) bilayer films

• Anna Kosinova,
• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Leonid Klinger and
• Eugen Rabkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2088–2099, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.199

• underlayer) were deposited on c-plane sapphire (α-Al2O3) substrates at room temperature using electron beam deposition. The deposition took place in a VST e-beam evaporator with a base pressure of 5 × 10−7 Torr (6.7 × 10−7 mbar). Deposition rates were 0.2–0.3 Å·s−1 for Fe and 0.7 Å·s−1 for Au. After the

The difference in the thermal conductivity of nanofluids measured by different methods and its rationalization

• Aparna Zagabathuni,
• Sudipto Ghosh and
• Shyamal Kumar Pabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2037–2044, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.194

• thermal conductivity of water-based Al2O3 nanofluids using the LFM. They observed that at room temperature the enhancement in thermal conductivity for 4 vol % of Al2O3-nanoparticle loading was around 4.95%, whereas Beck et al. [4] obtained 16.5% enhancement using the transient hot-wire method for the same

• Al2O3 nanoparticle loading and particle size. Lee et al. [25] have investigated the thermal conductivity of Al2O3, SiC, Ni, ZnO and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in liquid gallium using LFM. They reported that the thermal conductivity measured by LFM was not accurate because of the uncertainty

• insignificant, if the dispersed material was ceramic (typically Al2O3). In this paper we put forward a quantitative analysis based on the collision-mediated heat transfer model for water-based Al2O3 nanofluids, which can account for the difference in the thermal conductivity values of nanofluids obtained by LFM

Effect of nanostructured carbon coatings on the electrochemical performance of Li_1.4Ni_0.5Mn_0.5O_2+x-based cathode materials

• Konstantin A. Kurilenko,
• Oleg A. Shlyakhtin,
• Oleg A. Brylev,
• Dmitry I. Petukhov and
• Alexey V. Garshev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1960–1970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.187

• modification, namely other cathode materials (LiMnPO4 [11], LiMn2O4 [12], LiCoO2 [13], LiNiO2 [14]) or simple binary compounds such as CaF2 [15], TiO2 [16], ZnO [17] and Al2O3 [18]. During the assembly of the lithium-ion cells, the cathode materials are always mechanically mixed with carbon black in order to

Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• stable device operation and NV manipulation. One passivation method was suggested by Hiraiwa et al. by covering the surface with an Al2O3 film using an atomic-layer-deposition (ALD) method with an H2O oxidant at 450 °C [29]. They could show that this film does not destroy the C–H bonds as well as the

• the thermal decomposition of C–H bonds and the reaction between C–H bonds and H2O in the Al2O3 layer are endothermic processes. This passivation method for preserving the properties of the two-dimensional hole channel and thus of the two-dimensional Al-Schottky diode for active manipulation of single

Properties of Ni and Ni–Fe nanowires electrochemically deposited into a porous alumina template

• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Kazimir I. Yanushkevich,
• Sergej L. Prischepa and
• Elena A. Outkina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1709–1717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.163

• deposited on the flat surface (like a film) or into the narrow and long channels (pores) of an amorphous matrix (aluminum oxide) in the form of NWs. The template Al2O3 is X-ray amorphous (wide peak at 2θ = 25.16°). The XRD patterns of Ni–Fe NWs also demonstrate the polycrystalline nature of the Ni–Fe phase

• of Ni and Ni–Fe at a current density of 3 mA·cm-2 and varying HPA. The main characteristics of XRD patterns for Ni and Ni-Fe in Al2O3. The crystallite sizes for Ni and Ni–Fe NWs in the alumina template. Acknowledgements This study was supported by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Belarus and

Manufacturing and investigation of physical properties of polyacrylonitrile nanofibre composites with SiO₂, TiO₂ and Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles

• Tomasz Tański,
• Wiktor Matysiak and
• Barbara Hajduk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1141–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.106

• development of materials from the group of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), which are a combination of a polymer matrix with inorganic or hybrid nanoparticles. For the currently used types of inorganic fillers, inter alia, the following are included: SiO2 [1], metal oxides (TiO2, Al2O3, Bi2O3, Zn0, CaCO3) [2][3

Customized MFM probes with high lateral resolution

• Óscar Iglesias-Freire,
• Miriam Jaafar,
• Eider Berganza and
• Agustina Asenjo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1068–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.100

• influence exerted on an array of single-domain nickel nanowires embedded in an Al2O3 membrane was used to calibrate the stray field of the MFM tip– we can estimate the value of the stray field emerging from the custom-coated tips and compare it to the stray field of commercial tips. The axial field

Efficient electron-induced removal of oxalate ions and formation of copper nanoparticles from copper(II) oxalate precursor layers

• Kai Rückriem,
• Sarah Grotheer,
• Henning Vieker,
• Paul Penner,
• André Beyer,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 852–861, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.77

• chemisorbed species, two possibilities arise. The first is a dissociative adsorption of CO2 on the copper nanoparticles that are formed under electron exposure. This process is important for the chemical understanding of the industrial methanol synthesis with Cu–ZnO–Al2O3 catalysts [48] and has been observed

Orientation of FePt nanoparticles on top of a-SiO₂/Si(001), MgO(001) and sapphire(0001): effect of thermal treatments and influence of substrate and particle size

• Martin Schilling,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Zaoli Zhang,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 591–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.52

• carbon film was then completely removed by reactive plasma etching prior to successive annealing steps. FePt reference films were prepared on native SiO2 on top of Si(001), Al2O3(001), and MgO(001) by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) from Fe and Pt targets under UHV conditions in a separate vacuum system

• evaluation of the expected transformation towards the L10 phase. Panel (c) displays the integral of the radial intensity distribution after annealing at 630 °C. The red and green lines indicate the expected positions and intensities of the Debye–Scherrer rings. (a–c) RHEED patterns of a FePt film on Al2O3

Plasma fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: functionalization and thermal stability

• Claudia Struzzi,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Axel Hemberg,
• Luca Petaccia,
• Jean-François Colomer,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2263–2271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.232

• a fine selection of grafted species and tuning of electronic properties. Experimental vCNTs were produced by catalytic chemical vapor deposition (CCVD) at atmospheric pressure. The catalysts were prepared by magnetron sputtering; first, a 30 nm Al2O3 buffer layer was deposited on Si wafers with

• native SiO2, next, a 6 nm Fe layer was then added on top of the Al2O3 buffer layer to form (after annealing) nanoparticles which catalyze the nanotube growth. For the vCNTs growth, the catalyst was placed inside the reactor, heated to 750 °C at atmospheric pressure under Ar flow (120 sccm), then an

High I_on/I_off current ratio graphene field effect transistor: the role of line defect

• Mohammad Hadi Tajarrod and
• Hassan Rasooli Saghai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2062–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.210

• of the right and the left contact, respectively. Results and Discussion In this section, the carrier transport and electrical properties of ELD-GNRFET are reported. Figure 1a is the schematic diagram of the transistor. The transistor device contains a top gate structure of Al2O3 (εr = 9.8) gate oxide

• graphene transistors, increased in these structures. (a) Schematic sketch of a simulated GNRFET with an extended line defect in the center of the channel, N-type contacts, Al2O3 gate dielectric and SiO2 substrate. (b) Transmission pathway along 1.8 × 20 nm armchair graphene nanoribbon. The arrows show the

Distribution of Pd clusters on ultrathin, epitaxial TiO_x films on Pt₃Ti(111)

• Christian Breinlich,
• Maria Buchholz,
• Marco Moors,
• Tobias Pertram,
• Conrad Becker and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2007–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.204

• . Granozzi et al. found ordered rows of Fe and Au clusters along the trenches of the z'-TiOx phase [15][16], while other studies (also of our own group) demonstrated the growth of ordered arrays of, for example, Pd-, Au-, and Fe- [11][12][13][14] or Co-clusters on Al2O3/Ni3Al(111) [10]. In the present paper

• shown in Figure 5b, the w'-TiOx phase contains much fewer and shallower (depth ≈18 pm) defects of no particular distribution. Therefore, under the given experimental conditions, it does not exert a noticeable “template effect”. This result is quite in contrast to Pd cluster growth on Al2O3/Ni3Al(111

• in this work, is certainly achievable. This could be accomplished by varying the impact rate of Pd atoms and their mobility on the surface (i.e., the deposition rate and the substrate temperature), as was the case for Pd cluster growth on the Al2O3/Ni3Al(111) surface. Summary Pd clusters were grown

The Kirkendall effect and nanoscience: hollow nanospheres and nanotubes

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Ryusuke Nakamura and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1348–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.139

• a solid state reaction, occurring upon thermal annealing of core–shell ZnO/Al2O3 nanowires [23][62]. In such a process, the material forming the nanotube is defined by the two initial compounds constituting the core and the shell. As it can be seen in Figure 8, the formation of voids occurs at the

• core and the metal oxide shell is another factor that can amplify the formation of a bamboo-like structure. Güder et al. reported on a new approach based on stress engineering to control the spatial positioning and distribution of Kirkendall voids in ZnO/Al2O3 core–shell nanowires [72]. In this study

• , they applied their novel approach to synthesize ZnAl2O4 nanotubes containing ZnO nanocrystals. First, rippled ZnO nanowires coated with a 12 nm thick Al2O3 layer were synthesized (Figure 13a) and then annealed at 700 °C for 5 h (Figure 13b). The annealing process results in the transformation of the

Tunable magnetism on the lateral mesoscale by post-processing of Co/Pt heterostructures

• Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy,
• Maksym Kompaniiets,
• Roland Sachser,
• Fabrizio Porrati,
• Christian Gspan,
• Harald Plank and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1082–1090, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.109

• electron microscope (SEM: FEI, Nova NanoLab 600). The SEM was equipped with a multi-channel gas injection system for FEBID. As substrates we used epi-polished c-cut (0001) Al2O3 with Cr/Au contacts of 3/50 nm thickness prepared by photolithography in conjunction with lift-off. The samples are one Co-FEBID

• magnetic properties are compiled in Table 1. The EDX data were acquired at the overlaps of the nano-stripes and normalized to 100 atom % after exclusion of the oxygen-based signal whose bulk part unavoidably stems from the substrate (Al2O3), due to the small thickness of the investigated samples. At the

• of Pt and C, whereby the Pt content gradually increases upon reaching the Co/Pt interface. The bottom layer largely consists of Pt with a notable content of Co down to the Al2O3 substrate, see the “step” in the Co signal profile in Figure 6a. The black region above the Co layer in Figure 5b is a

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• XPS spectra of the studied titanium surfaces. The O 1s envelope could be resolved into surface oxide contributions at 530.3 ± 0.1 eV, 531.5 ± 0.1 eV and 533.0 ± 0.3 eV arising from titanium oxides (TiO2 and Ti2O3), Al2O3 and SiO2, respectively. The presence of hydroxy groups on the surface was

• and 533.0 ± 0.3 eV arising from titanium oxides (TiO2 and Ti2O3), Al2O3 and SiO2, respectively. The hydroxy groups on the surface gave rise to the peak at 531.8 ± 0.2 eV. The figure also reports the surface density of hydroxy groups (nOH). FTIR spectra of starting neridronate (A), APTES (B) and

Conformal SiO₂ coating of sub-100 nm diameter channels of polycarbonate etched ion-track channels by atomic layer deposition

• Nicolas Sobel,
• Christian Hess,
• Manuela Lukas,
• Anne Spende,
• Bernd Stühn,
• M. E. Toimil-Molares and
• Christina Trautmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 472–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.48

• -phase precursor molecules and a solid surface, providing very thin uniform films on arbitrarily shaped materials. The number of cycles determines the thickness of the deposited layer. Tailored coating with various materials such as metals (e.g., Pt) or oxides (e.g., ZnO, Al2O3, TiO2) can be used to

• -butoxy)silanol and trimethylaluminium to coat 20, 100, and 200 nm diameter AAO channels with silica [23]. Channels (diameter 70 nm, length 2 µm) of polyimide templates fabricated by AAO-assisted dry etching were coated with Al2O3 [24]. Commercial track-etched membranes were successfully ALD-coated with

• TiO2, ZrO2, and Al2O3 [25][26][27][28]. In this contribution, we present the successful SiO2 coating of high aspect ratio nanochannels in PC track-etched membranes. After ALD coating, the surfaces are covered with silanol (Si–OH) groups that are also characteristic for other porous systems such as

Tunable white light emission by variation of composition and defects of electrospun Al₂O₃–SiO₂ nanofibers

• Jinyuan Zhou,
• Gengzhi Sun,
• Hao Zhao,
• Xiaojun Pan,
• Zhenxing Zhang,
• Yujun Fu,
• Yanzhe Mao and
• Erqing Xie

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 313–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.29

• Avenue, 639798, Singapore 10.3762/bjnano.6.29 Abstract Composite nanofibers consisting of Al2O3–SiO2 were prepared by electrospinning in combination with post-calcination in air. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate the

• materials. Keywords: Al2O3–SiO2; defects; electrospinning; nanofibers; photoluminescence; white light emission; Introduction During the last decade, nanoscale SiO2 has been intensely investigated as a new silicon-based light-emitting material. Its wide photoluminescence (PL) band ranges from the UV to red

• preparation processes, which can be effectively tuned and controlled by doping [1][2][3][4]. Thus far, in order to achieve enhanced and stable light emission, various materials have been incorporated into a SiO2 matrix, such as Si nanocrystals, carbon nanocomposites, ZnO, Al2O3, SnO2, and various rare-earth

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• first successful synthesis of patterned BNNTs was performed by catalytic CVD [56]. To produce pure and vertically aligned BNNTs, a Si substrate was coated with Al2O3 of 30 nm thickness, then MgO, Ni, or Fe catalysts was deposited on the surface of the Al2O3 by pulsed laser deposition. This substrate was

• (Ca6B6O11∙5H2O), for the first time by means of CVD [58]. The reaction parameters such as type of catalyst, colemanite/catalyst ratio, reaction temperature and duration were optimized. ZnO, Al2O3, Fe3O4 and Fe2O3 catalysts were investigated with respect to their differences in performance. It was found that

Manganese oxide phases and morphologies: A study on calcination temperature and atmospheric dependence

• Matthias Augustin,
• Daniela Fenske,
• Ingo Bardenhagen,
• Anne Westphal,
• Martin Knipper,
• Thorsten Plaggenborg,
• Joanna Kolny-Olesiak and
• Jürgen Parisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 47–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.6

• STA 449 F3 Jupiter thermo-analysis system. The sample was deposited in an Al2O3 crucible and heated from 35 to 700 °C with a heating rate of 2 K/min in an O2(6.0)/Ar(5.0) (1:2) and an Ar(5.0) gas flow of 40 NmL/min. The porosity of the manganese oxides was determined by N2 adsorption–desorption

Synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled silica core-shell and noble metal-decorated ceria nanoparticles

• Rudolf Herrmann,
• Markus Rennhak and
• Armin Reller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2413–2423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.251

• media not exceeding one weak of duration. At 120 °C at ceria NP the dye is completely destroyed within 90 min, the typical conditions for sterilization prior to biological experiments. Oxidic nanoparticles like SiO2, TiO2, CeO2, ZnO and Al2O3 generally contain hydroxy groups at their surface to saturate

• ) by simply adding MPD or BPD to the reaction mixtures. For TiO2 and Al2O3 NP, one can apply MPD post-synthetically in ethanol solution at 140 °C in a closed vessel. Labelling with ATTO 647N-APS was generally done post-synthetically at 120 °C; the lower temperature was necessary due to the limited

Advances in NO₂ sensing with individual single-walled carbon nanotube transistors

• Kiran Chikkadi,
• Matthias Muoth,
• Cosmin Roman,
• Miroslav Haluska and
• Christofer Hierold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2179–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.227

• appears to be substantial when present in combination with a hydrophilic substrate. Other investigations [9][60] showed that even with vacuum annealing and passivation with Al2O3, although the hysteresis decreases, it does not completely disappear. This suggests other mechanisms at play, such as charge

Room temperature, ppb-level NO₂ gas sensing of multiple-networked ZnSe nanowire sensors under UV illumination

• Sunghoon Park,
• Soohyun Kim,
• Wan In Lee,
• Kyoung-Kook Kim and
• Chongmu Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1836–1841, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.194

• ) modulation of the depletion layer width and (2) the UV-activated adsorption, and desorption of NO2 species. Experimental Synthesis of ZnSe nanowires Similar to that previously described [31], ZnSe nanowires were synthesized on 3 nm-thick gold (Au) layer-coated, c-plane sapphire (Al2O3(0001)) substrates by

• the thermal evaporation of ZnSe powders. A quartz tube was mounted inside a horizontal tube furnace. The quartz tube consisted of two temperature zones: zone A at 850 °C and zone B at 700 °C. An alumina boat loaded with pure ZnSe powder was located in zone A, whereas the Au-coated Al2O3 substrate was