Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• , nucleases, helicases, ligases), b) an extraordinary catalytic activity and c) biocompatibility. Table 3 summarizes the examples for the detection of DNA targets with single-point mutations using gold nanoparticles as signal transducers. We classified the assays by the used enzymatic reactions for signal

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

• intravenous polymer nanocarrier are biocompatibility, stealthiness, optimal size (20–200 nm), polymer/drug affinity compatible with good encapsulation and release, and a design compatible with the targeted organ [4] (this includes the possible crossing of biological barriers). The aim of this review is to

• of the key features of PEO is to provide (steric) stabilization by excluding other macromolecules and particles due to the high flexibility and large exclusion volume of PEO strands in water. This imparts biocompatibility and prolonged circulation time to the objects by minimizing the adsorption of

• -assembly [93][111][112]. Among the targeting molecules, hyaluronic acid [111][112] is known to interact with CD44 over-expressed by some tumor cells. Mannitol [113] or galactose [114] have been used for their inherent biocompatibility and bioadhesive/targeting properties. Interestingly mannitol derivatives

The different ways to chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: templated vs direct complexation. Influence of particle preparation on morphology, cell uptake and silencing efficiency

• Arianna Gennari,
• Julio M. Rios de la Rosa,
• Erwin Hohn,
• Maria Pelliccia,
• Enrique Lallana,
• Roberto Donno,
• Annalisa Tirella and
• Nicola Tirelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2594–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.250

• chitosan and further displacing its fragments with heparin (more strongly anionic than HA and RNA), and finally analysed by gel electrophoresis. The central point is that all nanoparticles protected their payload from RNAse. Secondly, we evaluated the biocompatibility of these nanoparticles using two

Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery

• Dávid Juriga,
• Evelin Sipos,
• Orsolya Hegedűs,
• Gábor Varga,
• Miklós Zrínyi,
• Krisztina S. Nagy and
• Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249

• often limits their application. The use of poly(aspartic acid) (PASP) seems an appropriate solution for this problem due to the relatively cheap and simple synthesis of PASP. Using amino acids not only as building blocks in the polymer backbone but also as cross-linkers can improve the biocompatibility

• reductive conditions resulted in an increased drug release due to the cleavage of disulfide bridges in the hydrogels. Consequently, these hydrogels provide new possibilities in the fields of both tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery. Keywords: biocompatibility; cystamine; hydrogel; lysine; poly

• well as biocompatibility and biodegradability are also fundamental features of polymers developed for numerous medical applications [11][12]. Polymer hydrogels are capable of releasing physically entrapped drug molecules. The release kinetics of the loaded drug molecules depend significantly on the

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• biocompatibility, molecular recognition, chemical stability, and ability to be taken up in cells, etc. [55]. It is known that in living cells, both pH and temperature fluctuations are experienced during cellular processes such as endosytosis, gene expression, enzymatic reactions and metabolism [56][57]. Abnormal

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• , is the coating of their surface with silica shells [22][23]. Additionally, optically transparent silica shells have many other advantages such as chemical inertness, high thermal stability, low cytotoxicity, high biocompatibility and tunable porosity [22][23][24]. An important parameter for all

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• SU-8 photoresist films as the substrate and generated local changes in the stiffness and the nanopattern topography on the surface. The SU-8 photoresist has been used as the material for biosensors in living tissues [24] and cell culture molds in vitro due to its excellent biocompatibility [16] and

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• biocompatibility, improved mechanical characteristics tailored for the specific application, in addition to new release mechanisms and improved permeability [9][12][13][14]. The delivery through the mucosa via buccal administration has shown several advantages as a drug delivery target site. The ease of

Dynamics of superparamagnetic nanoparticles in viscous liquids in rotating magnetic fields

• Nikolai A. Usov,
• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Vasiliy A. Bautin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2294–2303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.221

• frequently used in biomedicine due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability and relatively high saturation magnetization. In magnetic hyperthermia [2][3][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] magnetic nanoparticles are directly introduced into a tumor and are exposed to an alternating magnetic field

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond for nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging applications

• Alberto Boretti,
• Lorenzo Rosa,
• Jonathan Blackledge and
• Stefania Castelletto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2128–2151, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.207

• platforms, due to their biocompatibility and low toxicity compared to other nanomaterials, the concentration of 13C nuclear spins is diluted (1.1%) in the diamond unless they are enriched with an 13C isotope during growth, which is an expensive process. Used in bulk, a high-purity diamond can exhibit 13C T1

• applications, is given in [21], which includes details on biosensing, bioimaging and drug delivery as well as biocompatibility. The toxicity of diamond nanostructures is also discussed. Electron spin resonance (ESR) of the NVs themselves is exploited in [22] to achieve single-spin subwavelength resolution in

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• have been investigated for hyperthermia and magnetic resonance imaging owing to their increased stability in aqueous media and biocompatibility [27][28]. An even stronger anchoring agent consisting of a dendron structure bearing a bisphosphonate polar head provided increased colloidal stability in

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• agent offer a fast scan time (less than 2 min), low cost, and biocompatibility and allow for high-resolution imaging with ca. 150 Hounsfield units (HU). The Au-CPMV surface was further modified allowing for the incorporation of targeting molecules of specific cell types. Keywords: biomedical imaging

• toxicity, biocompatibility, immunogenicity, distribution and the payload being carried. Modified protein cages are robust systems that combine imaging capabilities and target selectivity on the same platform. One application is the development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Current

• biocompatibility in clinical applications. Herein, we report the size effect of the three Au-CPMV samples on X-ray attenuation as measured by CT. The generated signals are shown in Figure 6. The average CT number from three scans for each sample was 183 HU, 133 HU, and 115 HU for the 50 nm, 70 nm, and 100 nm

Magnetic properties of biofunctionalized iron oxide nanoparticles as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents

• Natalia E. Gervits,
• Andrey A. Gippius,
• Alexey V. Tkachev,
• Evgeniy I. Demikhov,
• Sergey S. Starchikov,
• Igor S. Lyubutin,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Vladimir P. Chekhonin,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Alevtina S. Semkina and
• Alexander G. Mazhuga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1964–1972, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.193

• functionalization of nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) and human serum albumin (HSA) is one potential method to enhance their biocompatibility. There are several directions in the development of coating types: coating of the nanoparticles themselves [10], design of BSA microcapsules with iron oxide

High-tolerance crystalline hydrogels formed from self-assembling cyclic dipeptide

• Yongcai You,
• Ruirui Xing,
• Qianli Zou,
• Feng Shi and
• Xuehai Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1894–1901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.184

• materials have shown outstanding characteristics, such as excellent biocompatibility, structural flexibility, versatile functionality, and low immunogenicity [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. Peptides can be deliberately engineered to self-assemble into well-ordered

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• studied with regard to their long blood half-life [11], easy surface modification and excellent biocompatibility [12]. In the past years, several multifunctional vehicles for glioblastoma imaging have been developed, such as gold nanoparticles [13][14], which were integrated for diagnosis and treatment

• -targeting peptide PEPHC1. In vitro experiments and in vivo assessments on tumor-bearing nude mice were performed to demonstrate the multimodal imaging ability and biocompatibility of the as-constructed nanoprobe. To the best of our knowledge, these multifunctional nanoagents are reported herein for the

• , indicating that both NPs (Figure 9a) and PNPs (Figure 9b) induced no obvious cytotoxicity, and thus possess favorable biocompatibility. Moreover, H&E staining of the major organs demonstrated no obvious lesions in both of the NP and PNP groups (Figure 9c), indicating that the PNPs had a favorable biosafety

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• biocompatibility and fate of nanoparticles in biological systems. A systematic and comprehensive analysis revealed that the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs in the presence of biothiols leads to nanoparticles stabilized with oxidized forms of biothiols. Their safety was tested by evaluation of cell viability

• . Keywords: biocompatibility; cysteine; ecotoxicity; glutathione; nano–bio interactions; nanosafety; nanotoxicity; Introduction Metallic nanoparticles (NPs) such as silver and gold have been employed in a wide range of products and applications in the biomedical field owing to their remarkable physico

Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study

• Elisabetta Esposito,
• Maddalena Sguizzato,
• Markus Drechsler,
• Paolo Mariani,
• Federica Carducci,
• Claudio Nastruzzi,
• Giuseppe Valacchi and
• Rita Cortesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174

• , confirming the biocompatibility of the components. Due to the obtained results, NLC T10-TOC samples were selected for further ex vivo studies. Indeed, this kind of NLC displayed better physico-chemical properties with respect to NLC based on different lipid compositions, being able to longer maintain the

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

Construction of a 0D/1D composite based on Au nanoparticles/CuBi₂O₄ microrods for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity

• Weilong Shi,
• Mingyang Li,
• Hongji Ren,
• Feng Guo,
• Xiliu Huang,
• Yu Shi and
• Yubin Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1360–1367, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.134

• materials promotes the dispersion and stability of 0D nanomaterials. Among the noble metal NPs, Au is considered to be one of the most promising materials because of its high photocatalytic activity, low toxicity and good biocompatibility [23][24][25]. In addition, size, shape and environment of the Au NPs

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• [12]. Due to its biocompatibility, it has been investigated in several biomedical applications, e.g., tissue engineering, ophthalmology, and drug delivery. Chitosan modification with phenolic compounds leads to the enhancement of already existing antioxidant properties [13]. The antioxidant properties

• assays indicated the necessity of using additional methods for the examination of the antioxidant properties. γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles The advantages of iron oxides in biomedical applications include biocompatibility, excellent magnetic properties, and the possibility to modify the surface with reactive

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• other titanium oxide nanostructures [14][16]. It has been previously shown that various types of surface coatings affect NM properties, and in particular, can improve their stability and biocompatibility [13][17][18][19]. Although much is known about the aggregation of spherical TNMs in different media

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• PEG has gained considerable attention and interest due to its unique physiochemical properties [46]. The functionalization of GO with PEG has been reported to improve the stability in aqueous solution and the biocompatibility, making it an ideal drug-delivery vehicle [47][48]. Rapid progress has been

• Zhang and co-workers [29]. Biocompatibility of nGO was achieved by coating with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Then, a single dose (5 mg/kg) of synthesized PEG-nGO was administered to groups of groups of six mice. The dosage was found to be optimum in previous studies [28][29]. The animals were dissected

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• the most extensively studied members in this group, and are used for, e.g., polymer reinforcement, lubrication and electronic devices. Their biocompatibility and low toxicity make them suitable for medical and biological applications. One potential application is photothermal therapy (PTT), a method

• important advantage of WS2 (and of other TMDCs) nanostructures over their carbon equivalents is the low toxicity and biocompatibility, enabling their use for medical applications. Preliminary studies on rats with WS2 INTs and IFs showed no apparent toxic reaction after oral administration [18], inhalation

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• ], Fe3O4 [35], graphene [36], and many others [37][38]. The PDA shell surface contains numerous catechol and quinone groups suitable for click conjugation with various biomolecules through Michael addition and Schiff-base reaction [39][40]. The high loading capacity and biocompatibility of the PDA layer

• silica shells. However, PDA coating makes the functionalization with any amine-containing ligand very simple and robust. It is sufficient to incubate PDA-coated nanorods with a desired functionalization component (for example, with folate and R123). Furthermore, the biocompatibility of the PDA biopolymer

• nonspecific uptake. To understand the safe dose of PEG-coated and folate-functionalized polydopamine-encapsulated AuNRs, we investigated their biocompatibility by a standard resazurin-based cytotoxic assay. Both folate-functionalized and PEG-coated nanocomposites incubated with HeLa cells during 24 and 48 h

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• combine biocompatibility with a high oxygen-scavenging ability. Cerium oxide is a lanthanide metal oxide with a redox potential behavior that can easily switch between cerium(IV) and cerium(III) and has the capability to leave oxygen vacancies in the crystal lattice [39]. Cerium(IV) oxide exhibits