Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• subject to the current. Limits of the sudden approximation Figure 2 shows the time evolution of ϑ during and after a collision with a particle for three different impact velocities. The initial condition for the helix was and the particle was put at the entrance of the helix with impact velocity . At the

• a particle current I, as Equation 16 suggests. Figure 3 shows the evolution of the angle when the 1.5-helix is under a current. The traces contain tiny sequential steps, which are more pronounced for large μ. These are the angular boosts produced by the collisions. The plot also shows a comparison

• the sudden limit. Other parameters are μ = m/M = 0.004, δN = 1, and the potential of Equation 12. Time evolution of the angle of the path ϑ under a current IT = 40, for different mass ratios μ = m/M and T/R = 1000. The path is an N-helix with N = 1.5, δN = 1 (depicted in the inset). Numerical results

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• α-MoO3 To observe the crystal structure evolution of h-MoO3 induced by temperature, a thoroughly powdered sample was used to perform in situ X-ray diffraction measurements during heating from 30 to 450 °C, as shown in Figure 1a. At 30 °C, all diffraction peaks can be well indexed to the hexagonal

• is also reflected by the relaxation of the Mo–O3 bond from a short bond (1.813 Å at 360 °C) to a normal value (1.967 Å at 400 °C). Based on the above analysis, we obtain the structural evolution of the h-MoO3→α-MoO3 phase transition, as illustrated in Figure 6. Heating the h-MoO3 phase causes not

• temperature-induced structural evolution of h-MoO3, finely ground powders were measured using an X-ray diffractometer (Rigaku SmartLab) equipped with a high-temperature holder HTTK600, using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å). The 2θ range was 5–70°, and the temperature range was 30–450 °C. The scanning rate was

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• gas production has been detected for the samples from series “b”, whereas the CO2 evolution was observed for all samples from series “a”. Keywords: ethanol; H2 production; laser pyrolysis; photocatalyst; TiO2 nanoparticles; Introduction Semiconductor materials are widely used, from electronic

• available at the surface. Carbon dioxide evolution The photo-oxidative conversion of ethanol to CO2 (and water) under simulated sunlight irradiation is depicted in Figure 10, revealing the different kinds of behavior of the sample series “a” and “b”. All samples of series “a” show a significant activity

• ) P25, (b) TO-250-a, (c) TO-450-a, (d) TO-650-a, (e) TO-850-a, (f) TO-250-b, (g) TO-450-b, (h) TO-650-b, and (i) TO-850-b. Photocatalytic H2 evolution from C2H5OH vapors over both catalyst series under simulated solar light irradiation: (a) series “a” and (b) series “b”. Photocatalytic CO2 evolution

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• biological viability (“gas release” as a measurement of active metabolism and “cell leakage” measuring the encapsulation strength). Physical-structural robustness focuses on the evolution of physical appearance and mechanical resistance of the bulk material with time. Macroscopic appearance corresponds to a

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• , perpendicular to the ac magnetic field (see Figure 3c). As Figure 3d shows, this leads to a sharp drop in the particle hysteresis loop area. In addition to Figure 3, Figure 4 shows the evolution of the surface of the normalized energy density of a nanoparticle, W(θ,φ)/K1V, as a function of the spherical angles

• same for Hdc = 800 Oe. (d) Dynamic hysteresis loops of the nanoparticle for Hdc = 0, 200, 400, and 800 Oe, respectively. Evolution of the normalized energy density of a particle, W(θ,φ)/K1V, as a function of dc magnetic field applied perpendicular to the particle easy anisotropy axis: (a, b) Hdc = 0 Oe

Evaluation of electrosynthesized reduced graphene oxide–Ni/Fe/Co-based (oxy)hydroxide catalysts towards the oxygen evolution reaction

• Karolina Cysewska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Marcin Zając,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 420–433, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.34

• Cracow, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.14.34 Abstract In this work, the specific role of the addition of graphene oxide (GO) to state-of-the-art nickel–iron (NiFe) and cobalt–nickel–iron (CoNiFe) mixed oxides/hydroxides towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is investigated. Morphology, structure, and OER

• catalysts specifically influenced the process. The improvement in the OER by NiFe-GO results mainly from the structure of NiFe and the electroactive surface area of GO. Keywords: electrocatalysts; electrodeposition; energy; hydrogen; oxygen evolution reaction; Introduction Nowadays, the industrial

• process is primarily the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) due to its sluggish kinetics resulting in a high overpotential and low efficiency [4]. To overcome this problem, robust anode electrode catalyst materials are required. Since the Ru- and Pt-based catalysts used so far for OER are made using limited

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• geometry, or inaccuracies in modelling the temporal evolution of the generated heat, to name a few. With this understanding of the myriad of theoretical and phenomenological phenomena, considerations, and evaluations in PPT heating, the different materials that have been investigated are well worth

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption peak, which is due to the collective oscillation of free surface electrons in resonance with the electric field component of incoming photons, is located at 404 nm. However, the evolution of the absorption curve exhibits changes after the introduction of

Quasi-guided modes resulting from the band folding effect in a photonic crystal slab for enhanced interactions of matters with free-space radiations

• Kaili Sun,
• Yangjian Cai,
• Uriel Levy and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 322–328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.27

• direction. All these results are consistent with the dispersion curves in Figure 2 and the evolution of Q-factors as a function of the wave number in Figure 3a. Figure 4d presents typical distributions of the real part of both Ex and Ey at the resonance frequency across the central plane of the silicon

Spin dynamics in superconductor/ferromagnetic insulator hybrid structures with precessing magnetization

• Yaroslav V. Turkin and
• Nataliya Pugach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 233–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.22

• quasiparticle distribution function at magnetization precession frequencies of 1 and 8 GHz. The color maps for quasiparticles with x and y spin component evolution Sx,y(z, ε, t) = Tr[σx,yψel] are presented in Figure 4. The spin distribution function splits into two almost symmetric peaks around the spectrum gap

• temperatures. Evolution of the spin-resolved distribution function at the S/FI interface (Sx component in the upper panels and Sy component in the lower panels) at magnetization precession frequencies of (a) 1 GHz and (b) 8 GHz. The normalized time is equal to t/Tτ, where Tτ = 2π/Ω is the period of

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• electrode surface is proven by the hydrogen evolution current registered at a potential of about 50 mV. Based on the comparison of the CV curves, the best catalyst from the point of view of Pt surface development is sample B, while the worst is sample C. These results are as expected and correlate well with

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• evolution is observed between the growth inhibition and the released silver content. A complete inhibition was achieved for a silver quantity of 15 µg/g released in liquid media. As demonstrated by Hsueh et al. [55] AgNPs can be considered as containers continuously releasing silver ions, thus indirectly

• carried out using a LLC UV lamp from Heraeus Noblelight America with H bulb reflector, delivering an actinic beam centered on 365 nm. Optical properties were evaluated with an Evolution E200 UV–vis spectrophotometer from Thermo Fisher Scientific, equipped with an integration sphere for reflectance

• the lower plate. The evolution of the elastic (storage, G’) and viscous (loss, G”) moduli were investigated via two sets of measurements in the frequency range of 0.01 Hz to 50 Hz for 30 min under a constant temperature of 25 °C. In order to test the antimicrobial properties of the functionalized

Combining physical vapor deposition structuration with dealloying for the creation of a highly efficient SERS platform

• Adrien Chauvin,
• Walter Puglisi,
• Damien Thiry,
• Cristina Satriano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.10

• NaOH. The SEM micrographs of the AlAg18, AlAg30, and AlAg36 samples dealloyed for 60 min in H3PO4 and NaOH are shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, respectively. Dealloying in H3PO4 (Figure 5) leads to the same morphology evolution for each composition in comparison to samples dealloyed in HCl (Figure 3

• of (a, d) 18, (b, e) 30, and (c, f) 36 atom % of Ag. Scale bar: 500 nm. Evolution of the (a) ligament size and (b) aluminum residue for samples with different initial silver content at the initial state and dealloyed for 60 min in HCl (blue), H3PO4 (red), and NaOH (green). (c) Raman spectra recorded

• ) Comparison of the evolution of the integrated peak at 1648 cm−1 for different concentrations of RhB for samples with 30 atom % of silver at the initial state and dealloyed for 60 min in (orange) 1 wt % of HCl and (green) 10 wt % of H3PO4. Surface composition evaluated by XPS of samples dealloyed for 60 min

Solvent-induced assembly of mono- and divalent silica nanoparticles

• Bin Liu,
• Etienne Duguet and
• Serge Ravaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 52–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.6

• evolution of the average degree of polymerization, , defined as: where x is the number of 2-PSN in the chain and nx is the number of chains containing x 2-PSN (Figure 6b, magenta curve). The linear relationship, which can be observed at a short incubation time (t < 2 h), is characteristic of a reaction

• -particle size ratio of 1-PSN in different solvent mixtures after 10 days of incubation at room temperature: a) THF/ethanol, b) THF/water, and c) THF/salty water ([NaCl] = 20 mmol/L). Evolution with incubation times in a 7:3 (vol/vol) THF/salty water mixture of the fractions of 1-PSN (light blue squares

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• , Academiei 3/3, Chisinau 2028, Moldova 10.3762/bjnano.14.3 Abstract The present paper considers a mathematical model describing the time evolution of spin states and magnetic properties of a nanomaterial. We present the results of two variants of nanosystem simulations. In the first variant, cobalt with a

• atoms, cobalt retains its ferromagnetic character. However, there may be a decrease or deterioration of the magnetic macroscopic parameters, such as the magnetization modulus. Conclusion A mathematical model capable of reproducing the time evolution of spin states and magnetic properties of a

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• droplet is formed at the base of the nanocone as described above, enters the nanocone, and undergoes cohesive dynamics. In order to characterize and understand the impact of the hydrophilic rings along the nanocone, we also present in Figure 6 snapshots of the temporal evolution and the number of water

• . Hydrophilic rings are present at the base, the tip, and the middle of the nanocone. Snapshots of the temporal evolution of the vapor system using εi = 1.1. (a) Number and (b) histogram of collected water molecules as functions of (a) the time and (b) time intervals. 2D snapshots of the temporal evolution for

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• were determined using a four-point probe system. Results and Discussion The crystalline structure of the ITO/Mo bilayer thin film after laser annealing was investigated using XRD. Figure 1 shows the structural evolution for the as-deposited and the samples annealed with different laser energies. Most

• size obtained by XRD analysis. Figure 4 shows the correlation between the grain size evolution and crystallite size corresponding to the (400) orientation. This variation is due to the rearrangement of the crystallites during the laser annealing of the IM bilayer thin film structure. Moreover, both

Observation of collective excitation of surface plasmon resonances in large Josephson junction arrays

• Roger Cattaneo,
• Mikhail A. Galin and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1578–1588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.132

• developing above some threshold number of JJs, Nth. Figure 3c represents an integrating oscillogram measured during repetitively sweeping the bias up and down with slowly changing amplitude. It allows for an almost complete mapping of the I–V evolution with changing the number of active JJs. Dashed orange

• and gradual evolution of several steps with increasing N. Edges of three distinct resonant steps are indicated by dashed green lines. (a) Parts of the V–I curves near the main resonance for the meander array with different number of active JJs, N. (b) Normalized differential conductance for the I–V

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• materials to separate water for creating clean fuels has been developed for about a decade [5][6]. Water splitting is carried out in solutions rich in H+ ions to the conduct hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) process or in rich OH− solutions for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) process [7][8][9]. However

A TiO₂@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting

• Anh Quynh Huu Le,
• Ngoc Nhu Thi Nguyen,
• Hai Duy Tran,
• Van-Huy Nguyen and
• Le-Hai Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125

• ) nanocomposite by sol–gel method for visible-light-induced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution [8]. The photocatalyst consisted of dense TiO2 particles covering functionalized MWNTs and exhibited good photoactivity under visible light (λ > 420 nm), but the photoelectrochemical water splitting showed a low hydrogen

• evolution of 450 µmol·h−1. Reddy et al. loaded TiO2 particles on MWCNTs via a simple hydrothermal method [13]. However, the MWNTs/TiO2 nanocomposite showed photoactivity only under UV irradiation due to the high bandgap of 3.1 eV. To the best of our knowledge, there are only a few studies on TiO2@MWCNTs

• hydrogen evolution. The morphology and photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode are systematically studied, and the efficiency of the electrode in photoelectrochemical water splitting is also demonstrated. Experimental Materials Multi-wall carbon nanotubes (purity >99.5%), synthesized

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• and porosity were ±0.05 g/cm3 and ±0.05%, respectively. X-ray diffraction With the help of a Bruker D8 ADVANCE X-ray diffractometer, the evolution of the formation of hydroxyapatite and of the intermediate compounds was studied, on samples calcined at different temperatures, as well as after burning

• composites. We did not observe any influence of the glass content (5% or 10%) or sintering temperature (1200 or 1250 °C) on the mineralization capability of the composites. At higher magnification, the evolution of the fine microstructure of the calcium phosphate precipitates with soaking time can be traced

• showed good mineralization regardless of sintering temperature and glass content. The evolution of the fine microstructure of the calcium phosphate precipitate with soaking time was traced. (v) A biocompatibility with relative cell viability values between 94% and 99% was revealed by MTT assay for HAPCs

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• evolution of cell mechanical properties as a particular disease progresses, as the patient ages, or as a function of other biometric characteristics. For example, as tissues age or become diseased, one may observe changes in the complex modulus in some specific regions of the frequency axis, but not in

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• discussed (see below) and finally, we present the analytical result and compare it with the numerically calculated DOS. Evolution of the DOS in SF bilayer It is instructive to discuss the key features of the DOS in an SF bilayer first. That is why, in this section, we briefly discuss the evolution of the

• particular, we can see the evolution of the DOS peaks. For h = 0, that is, for the case of an SN bilayer, we see the well-known DOS structure with the characteristic mini-gap at energies E < Δ (Figure 2a, black dotted line) [79]. This proximity-induced mini-gap originates from the effective backscattering of

• exceeds the superconducting gap h > Δ. Apparently, this peak arises from the evolution of the second spin-split peak due to a non-zero exchange field. The existence of such an effect offers a method of determining relatively small exchange field values in the F layer via DOS measurements [48][51][104]. In

Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing

• Chaoying Shi,
• Jinhua Hu,
• Xiuhong Liu,
• Junfang Liang,
• Jijun Zhao,
• Haiyan Han and
• Qiaofen Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116

• mode. It can be seen from Figure 2 that the linewidth of the spectrum completely disappears when α = 0, which means that the Q-factor is infinite and the ideal BIC appears (points A and B). Furthermore, it is noticed that the evolution of the two modes is symmetric with respect to α = 0. Here, we take

• the Q-factor is lower at this time. Therefore, the evolution of single and double resonances can be controlled by changing the spacing of RDGs. Moreover, changing the grating spacing allows the emergence of BIC. The reflection spectra calculated using RCWA when α = 0.1, 0.35, 0.55, 0.75 are given in

• , the trend of mode 2 is exactly the opposite. Moreover, the ω values of the two modes are symmetrical at α = 0. An increase of α from 0 to 0.75 implies the evolution of the two resonances, and the ω values of the two modes overlap when α = 0.75, realizing the simple state of the mode. When α = 0, the

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• air lubrication; Salvinia effect; superhydrophobicity; Introduction Superhydrophobicity is one of the key innovations in the biological evolution of organisms for the conquest of land [1]. Recently it was shown that this fascinating surface property evolved already in the cyanobacterium Hassallia [2