Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• 59.4 emu/g (Figure 1c) and stronger absorption intensities at the NIR wavelength of 808 nm than individual nanoparticles [17]. In addition, the dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of NPCs suspended in aqueous culture medium reflected good dispersion (Figure 1d). The colloidal stability of our

• morphology of the as-synthesized nanoparticle clusters was characterized with a JEOL JEM-2100 transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) The synthesized Fe3O4 NPCs were diluted in RPMI 1640 medium to a final concentration of 0.25 mg/mL. The particle size distribution was

• determined by DLS on a Malvern Nanosizer Zen 3600 instrument (Worcestershire, United Kingdom) equipped with a 633 nm laser using backscatter technology. The temperature was maintained at 25 °C, and the scattering angle was 173° from the incident laser beam. The mean particle diameter was calculated from the

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• surface in phosphate buffer, even after immersion for 72 h. This is not the case for the NaCl solution (Figure 4d), where a significant scattering of friction values is observed, especially after a longer immersion. The general trend is still towards higher friction forces of the outer layer for the

Surfactant-free syntheses and pair distribution function analysis of osmium nanoparticles

• Mikkel Juelsholt,
• Jonathan Quinson,
• Emil T. S. Kjær,
• Baiyu Wang,
• Rebecca Pittkowski,
• Susan R. Cooper,
• Tiffany L. Kinnibrugh,
• Søren B. Simonsen,
• Luise Theil Kuhn,
• María Escudero-Escribano and
• Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 230–235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.17

• opposed to the case of Pt or Ir NPs. The robustness of the synthesis for a precursor concentration up to 100 mM allows for the performance of X-ray total scattering with pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, which shows that 1–2 nm hexagonal close packed (hcp) NPs are formed from chain-like [OsOxCly

• using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis as presented in Figure S22 and Table S2, Supporting Information File 1. However, our experiment showed that either methanol or ethanol is needed for the reaction to proceed playing the role of reducing agents, as no product is formed when the synthesis

• turned to X-ray total scattering and pair distribution function (PDF) analyses to investigate the atomic structure of the Os NPs [33]. The pair distribution function is now widely used for nanomaterial characterization, as it allows to obtain atomic structure information from materials showing no long

Low-energy electron interaction and focused electron beam-induced deposition of molybdenum hexacarbonyl (Mo(CO)₆)

• Po-Yuan Shih,
• Maicol Cipriani,
• Christian Felix Hermanns,
• Jens Oster,
• Klaus Edinger,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 182–191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.13

• high-energy electrons, leaving a pure metal deposit on the surface, while the dissociated, volatile ligands are pumped away [3][4][5][6][7]. However, when high-energy electrons impinge on a substrate surface, these are subject to elastic and inelastic scattering and a significant number of secondary

Thermal oxidation process on Si(113)-(3 × 2) investigated using high-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy

• Hiroya Tanaka,
• Shinya Ohno,
• Kazushi Miki and
• Masatoshi Tanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 172–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.12

• experimental challenge toward elucidating the dynamic processes in oxidation. For example, the formation processes of iron oxide nanoparticles have been studied in detail using state-of-the-art X-ray scattering methods [4]. As a complementary method, variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (VT-STM

A photonic crystal material for the online detection of nonpolar hydrocarbon vapors

• Evgenii S. Bolshakov,
• Aleksander V. Ivanov,
• Andrei A. Kozlov,
• Anton S. Aksenov,
• Elena V. Isanbaeva,
• Sergei E. Kushnir,
• Aleksei D. Yapryntsev,
• Aleksander E. Baranchikov and
• Yury A. Zolotov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 127–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.9

• . Black lines show the linear correspondence of the experimental data. (a) Photo of the sensor and (b) electron microscopy image of a CCA of polystyrene particles without a PDMS layer on a glass substrate (effective particle size = 201 nm). The data obtained with dynamic light scattering slightly

• overestimates the diameter in comparison with the data obtained from microphotographs. This may be related to the specificity of the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method (hydrodynamic diameter measurement). A mechanism of detecting hydrocarbons with a sensor based on a 3D PhC: (a, b) swelling of colloidal

Bacterial safety study of the production process of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers

• Axel Steffen,
• Yu Xiong,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Ulrich Kalus and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 114–126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.8

• CCD method produces nearly uniform, peanut-shaped particles. The size distribution determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) was 759 ± 25 nm. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) images confirmed this size range (Figure 1C). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of particles produced with

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• particles used for pGFP transfection. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 72: Supporting Information contains dynamic light scattering (DLS), photoluminescence spectra, and zeta potential analysis of SPION@bPEI, SPION@bPEI/pDNA, SPION@bPEI-Erb, SPION @bPEI-Erb/pDNA, and SPION@bPEI-Erb/pDNA

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• as gas-phase scattering is minimized. The film deposition rate, lying typically in the range of several nanometers per minute, is therefore higher compared to non-magnetized sputtering discharges. Here a remark should be made: While the film growth rate is usually expressed in units of thickness per

• scattering efficiency for the various sputtered atoms transported in the gas phase and different sputter yields, ultimately leading to the abovementioned composition discrepancies between the source and the deposited material. The interested reader might refer to articles that exemplify this discussion such

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• electrophoresis. All samples moved towards the positive potential due to the negatively charged PMA coating (Figure 2d). The colloidal stability (i.e., hydrodynamic size, surface charge, and polydispersity index, PDI) of NPs was assessed using dynamic light scattering (DLS). All NPs (PMA-coated, and drug-attached

Impact of electron–phonon coupling on electron transport through T-shaped arrangements of quantum dots in the Kondo regime

• Patryk Florków and
• Stanisław Lipiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1209–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.89

• introduced potential scattering correlated to dot occupancy . This perturbation stabilizes symmetry-broken CO state (d1 ≈ 1, d2 ≈ 0 or d2 ≈ 1, d1 ≈ 0). Hereafter this approach is called by us SB1 and is used by us only in n = 2 region. Now let us look at the conductance for q = 0, but starting from dot

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• Cell, USA). NOR@IONP synthesis, at each of the respective pH, were performed with 3 distinct replicates. Nanoparticle characterization The hydrodynamic diameter of nanoparticles was determined after re-dispersing in milli-Q water and loading the sample in a cuvette for dynamic light scattering (DLS

• nanoparticles. (a) Dynamic light scattering plot of number (%) v/s size (nm) of the nanoparticles in solution at the end of synthesis (n = 3). (b) Transmission electron microscopy image with a 50 nm scale bar. (c) X-ray diffraction plot indicating the Bragg’s 2θ diffraction angles identical to peaks observed

• for crystalline iron oxide. (d) FTIR spectrum of transmittance v/s wavenumber, depicting major functional groups of iron oxide and NOR. Characterization of NOR@IONPpH10 nanoparticles. (a) Dynamic light scattering plot of number (%) v/s size (nm) of the nanoparticles in solution at the completion of

Open-loop amplitude-modulation Kelvin probe force microscopy operated in single-pass PeakForce tapping mode

• Gheorghe Stan and
• Pradeep Namboodiri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.83

• 0.229 V, which give an average value of 0.227 ± 0.037 V for the CPD at that location on Au. In general, the scattering of the CPD determined from the five parabolic fits of each bias train, either on Al or Au, was within 0.050 V; here and in the rest of the text, the uncertainties represent one standard

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• large entropy impact which accelerates the phonon–phonon scattering process. The total thermal conductivity (κtot) for the π-SnSe alloy is also plotted and presented in Figure 9c. It can be noted that initially, by the increase in temperature, κtot decreases and reaches its minimum value of 1.089 W·m−1

• from the dielectric function by using the following expressions [72]: The real part ε1(ω) of the dielectric tensor describes the polarization and the induced scattering of the incident light photons, while ε2(ω) refers to the magnitude of absorption of the incident radiations. The real part ε1(ω) of

• [79]. No dispersion or scattering is observed in L(ω) as the curve is linear between 0 and 1.4 eV. The real optical conductivity σ(ω) is a valuable tool to evaluate the concentration of electrons that participate in optical transitions. The optical conductivity plot for the π-SnSe alloy is presented

Criteria ruling particle agglomeration

• Dieter Vollath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1093–1100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.81

• double logarithmic scale using decimal logarithms. These data are replotted in Figure 5b, similar to Figure 2. One recognizes a perfect straight line; the parameter b determined from this plot is 0.6929. This value coincides, within the scattering ranges caused by fluctuations, exactly with the values in

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• from the device with AgNP increased by 30% compared to the device without AgNP. Choi et al. have used a scattering layer of AgNP in order to study the SPR effect, which increased the EQE by 24% in the flexible OLED [49]. Au and AgNP have also been embedded at the interface of the anode and the HTL in

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• scattering coefficient s, which, in turn, is correlated to the reflectance of an infinitely thick specimen R∞ [39]: In the literature, there are different opinions regarding the type of electron transition of Sb2S3. Some authors assumed a direct transition for the amorphous and the crystalline material [30

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• -enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) when doped with rhodamine B (RhB). The enhancement factor produced by these gold nanoflowers was estimated to be 1.09 × 105 regarding pure RhB. The value of the enhancement factor is up to par with the intensively branched gold nanoparticles and is even greater than some of

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• the electrostatic interaction between analyte molecules and silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on the intensity of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). For this, we fabricated nanostructured plasmonic films by immobilization of Ag NPs on glass plates and functionalized them by a set of differently

• ; oligonucleotides; porphyrin; silver nanoparticles; substrate modification; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with its advantages of extreme sensitivity, high selectivity, and non-destructive nature has demonstrated great potential for the quick

• introduces new states in the electronic structure of the metal–adsorbate complex leading to an increase in the Raman scattering cross section of the analyte [17]. Consequently, the CE mechanism should be accompanied by a change of spectral properties of the analyte, which was not observed in this study. Thus

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• scattering coefficients of the particles. The details of this theory were reviewed in [90]. The radiation force can be produced by various physical effects, such as changes in the energy density of the propagating waves due to absorption and scattering, spatial variations in energy density in standing

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

• high temperatures is electromigration, which occurs when an electric current is applied to the substrate [1][2]. Electromigration (EM) is the movement of atoms caused by an electric current. It occurs due to the scattering of conduction electrons on atoms that move in a solid due to diffusion processes

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• implementing light scattering (dynamic and electrophoretic) techniques, spectroscopy (UV–vis, atomic absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance) and transmission electron microscopy. The obtained results demonstrated that AgNPs may transform very quickly during their journey through different biological conditions

• biological fluids, obtained from animal experiments. A multimethod approach was used to examine their behaviour and transformation under experimental conditions relevant for in vivo settings by performing dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), graphite furnace atomic

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• effects. In the case of neon (also shown in Figure 1b), there is more scattering close to the surface, but the advantage for milling is a sputter yield that is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of helium at the same beam energy [17]. Early HIM work by Livengood et al. investigated the

• phonon scattering effect from the few point defects introduced. For higher doses above ca. 2 × 1016 ions/cm2, complete amorphization of the material occurred, although it was noted that the overall morphology of the structure was unaffected. This ability to locally tune the thermal conductivity by

• -induced scission of the polymer chains and subsequent cross-linking and compaction, which can be understood in terms of the dominance of energy losses by electronic scattering in the case of light ions such as helium, compared with the nuclear scattering that dominates energy loss for heavier ions. Yet

High-yield synthesis of silver nanowires for transparent conducting PET films

• Gul Naz,
• Hafsa Asghar,
• Muhammad Ramzan,
• Muhammad Arshad,
• Rashid Ahmed,
• Muhammad Bilal Tahir,
• Bakhtiar Ul Haq,
• Nadeem Baig and
• Junaid Jalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 624–632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.51

• significant scattering and reducing length propagation, thus affecting the optical properties [23]. The polyol method is considered as the most promising and adaptable method with respect to yield, cost, simplicity, and reaction time for the preparation of AgNWs with higher aspect ratios [24][25][26][27