Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery

• Dávid Juriga,
• Evelin Sipos,
• Orsolya Hegedűs,
• Gábor Varga,
• Miklós Zrínyi,
• Krisztina S. Nagy and
• Angéla Jedlovszky-Hajdú

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249

• Resources Development Operational Program (EFOP-3.6.2-16-2017-00006). Additional support was received from the Excellence Program of the Ministry for Innovation and Technology in Hungary within the framework of the therapy thematic program of the Semmelweis University. This work was funded by the National

Advanced hybrid nanomaterials

• Andreas Taubert,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pierre Rabu and
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2563–2567, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.247

• and then embedded into a silicone polymer. These coatings deliver white-light emission when placed above a blue LED. Health Functionalized nanoparticles are highly investigated as possible platforms for disease diagnosis and therapy, leading to potential applications in nanomedicine. The state-of-the

• , including double targeting, are also highlighted in several articles. Among others, nanoparticles are often used as specific agents in dual therapy and diagnostics (i.e., theranostics). In “Size-selected Fe3O4–Au hybrid nanoparticles for improved magnetism-based theranostics”, a Fe3O4–Au hybrid nanomaterial

• is simultaneously employed as a contrast agent in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and for local heating therapy using magnetic particle hyperthermia [33]. In vitro hyperthermia tests showed efficiency in inoculating mouse breast cancer cells. Another study reports the use of alendronate-coated gold

Bombesin receptor-targeted liposomes for enhanced delivery to lung cancer cells

• Mohammad J. Akbar,
• Pâmela C. Lukasewicz Ferreira,
• Melania Giorgetti,
• Leanne Stokes and
• Christopher J. Morris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2553–2562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.246

• ., pinocytosis), resulting in membrane internalisation, endosome formation and trafficking through the endo-lysosomal system. Nanomedicines to improve cancer therapy have been widely studied and have resulted in a number of approved therapies such as Doxil® in the 1990s and the recent approval of Onivyde® [12

• increase in SCLC cellular accumulation of a liposomal drug cargo would be beneficial for therapy, especially considering the chemotherapeutic resistance profile that is often displayed by clinical SCLC [31]. Future studies on cystabn-targeted liposomal carriers will examine the uptake and trafficking of

Frontiers in pharmaceutical nanotechnology

• Matthias G. Wacker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2538–2540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.244

• science. They have fundamentally changed our understanding of the way dosage forms can facilitate drug therapy. Prof. Jörg Kreuter has been a pioneer in this research area and dedicated his life’s work to nanoparticle research and the blood–brain barrier [2]. One of his most outstanding discoveries, the

• applied in the development of semisolids. But we still have much to learn. Pharmaceutical science has indisputably become more complex with the discovery of nanocarrier-based delivery systems. Fueled by first successes in the 1990s, liposomes were at the forefront of cancer therapy [12][13]. The

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• for the tissue regeneration therapy in biomedicine. Keywords: atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM); cell growth; nanopattern; stiffness; SU-8 photoresist; topography; Introduction The interactions of cells with extracellular matrices (ECMs) play important roles in regenerative medicine and tissue

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• activity, mainly in oral squamous cancer; however, its physicochemical characteristics hinder its application. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop nanostructured formulations containing curcumin for oral cancer therapy. The photophysical interactions between curcumin and the formulations were

• quite similar when treated with the drug and with the formulations, thus the same drug concentration is likely available. The slow drug release, ex vivo retention of CUR in the mucosa and the cytotoxic results suggest that these formulations would not be effective in primary therapy. However, it could

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• tumor imaging guide and drug delivery system. Keywords: anticancer; cisplatin; copper ferrite; drug delivery; multifunctional; nanomedicine; nanotherapeutics; spherical silica; tumour therapy; Introduction Due to the continuous advancements in the field of nanotechnology, the therapeutic prospects

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• . The expression of efflux transporters such as the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter ABCB1 is an important resistance mechanism in therapy-refractory cancer cells. Drug encapsulation into nanoparticles has been shown to bypass efflux-mediated drug resistance, but there are also conflicting results

• an important step in the development of improved nanoparticle preparations for anticancer therapy. Further research is required to understand under which circumstances nanoparticles can be used to overcome efflux-mediated resistance in cancer cells. Keywords: cancer; doxorubicin; drug release

• , the prognosis for many cancer patients remains unacceptably poor. In particular, the outlook is grim for patients that are diagnosed with disseminated (metastatic) disease who cannot be successfully treated by local treatment (surgery, radiotherapy). These patients depend on systemic drug therapy

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• , Jordan University of Jordan - Cell Therapy Center, Amman, Jordan SAAD Centre for Pharmacy and Diabetes, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science Ulster University, Coleraine, UK University of Oxford - Cardiovascular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK John Innes Centre, Norwich Research

• with a mean circulation half-life of 14.6 h. Von Maltzahan et al. developed PEGylated gold nanorods (13 × 47 nm) as CT contrast agents and for photothermal tumor therapy. The study resulted in tumor elimination and mice survival over 50 days [23]. Further, van Schooneveld et al. reported micelle-based

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• radical surgery [36]. In addition, Mao and co-workers have reported the multitargeted drug delivery system by a d-peptide ligand (d-AE) based EGFRvIII targeting strategy, which provides a promising path for glioma therapy [37]. Through the conjugation of Cy7.5 to PEPHC1-modified PEGylated SPIONs, a

• in vivo targeted therapy of glioblastoma. Conclusion In summary, a novel dual-modal molecular imaging capability has been created through conjugating PEPHC1 to PEGylated SPIONs, aiming to improve the sensitivity of MR imaging and the spatial resolution of optical imaging. Both the in vitro and in

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• in cell surface engineering [15]. Surface-engineered cells have found applications in whole-cell biocatalysis [16], cell therapy [17], magnetic cell delivery [18], fabrication of multicellular assemblies [19], cell protection [20][21], biosensors [22] and tissue engineering [23]. Shells derived from

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• nanoparticles (AuNPs) range from molecular imaging, targeted drug delivery, gene therapy, cancer treatment or radio-sensitization and theranostics [1][4][6]. Moreover, AgNPs and AuNPs are among the most investigated engineered nanomaterials for medical use. A search performed in the Web of Science (WoS

Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells

• Hannah Onafuye,
• Sebastian Pieper,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Klaus Langer and
• Martin Michaelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166

• Münster, Corrensstr. 48, 48149 Münster, Germany Institute for Medical Virology, University Hospital, Goethe-University, Paul Ehrlich-Straße 40, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.10.166 Abstract Resistance to systemic drug therapy is a major reason for the failure of anticancer therapies

• remains unacceptably poor. The outlook is particularly grim for patients that are diagnosed with disseminated (metastatic) disease who cannot be successfully treated by local treatment (surgery, radiotherapy) and depend on systemic drug therapy, because the success of systemic therapies is typically

• limited by therapy resistance [2][3][4]. Drug efflux mediated by transporters including adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette (ABC) transporters has been shown to play a crucial role in cancer cell drug resistance [2][5]. ABCB1 (also known as P-glycoprotein or MDR1) seems to play a particularly

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• nanostructures exhibit a strong absorbance of light over a broad spectrum, which is of potential use in novel tumor therapy [19]. In addition, in the previous year, a profound interest was focused on the superconductivity of various TiO structures [20][21]. According to those, rock-salt TiO is a type-II

The effect of magneto-crystalline anisotropy on the properties of hard and soft magnetic ferrite nanoparticles

• Hajar Jalili,
• Bagher Aslibeiki,
• Ali Ghotbi Varzaneh and
• Volodymyr A. Chernenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1348–1359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.133

• observed that the heat efficiency of soft Fe3O4 is about 4 times larger than that of hard CoFe2O4 ferrite, which was attributed to the high coercive field of samples compared with the external field amplitude. Keywords: anisotropy; cobalt; ferrite; Henkel plots; hyperthermia therapy; nanoparticles

• ) and especially magnetic hyperthermia therapy, which is one of the efficient and new approaches for cancer treatment [4][15]. When magnetic NPs concentrated in tumor tissue are exposed to an ac magnetic field, the electromagnetic energy is converted into thermal energy, and the generated heat is used

• particle size, which is clearly visible in the FE-SEM images (Figure 3). Magnetic hyperthermia In order to study the heat generation of the nanoparticles for a potential use in magnetic hyperthermia therapy, the samples were dispersed into deionized water at the same concentration (111 mg/mL) and exposed

On the relaxation time of interacting superparamagnetic nanoparticles and implications for magnetic fluid hyperthermia

• Andrei Kuncser,
• Nicusor Iacob and
• Victor E. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1280–1289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.127

• superparamagnetic regime in the presence of interparticle dipolar interactions is considered. The direct implications of such interactions for magnetic fluid hyperthermia therapy through susceptibility loss mechanisms give rise to an indirect method for their study via specific absorption rate measurements

• nanoparticulate contrasting agents on proton relaxivity [7][8][9]) and cancer therapy (through magnetic fluid hyperthermia therapy [10][11]). The efficiency of the magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in a colloidal system to convert the energy of AC magnetic fields into temperature increments is of high importance for

• magnetic hyperthermia therapy. Usually the system consists of MNPs dispersed in an aqueous medium, known also as a ferrofluid. The heat transfer from the specifically configured AC field (with biologically compatible amplitude and frequency) to the tissue loaded with suitably functionalized MNPs can be

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• , and has gained further importance over the past few decades [1]. This technology also offers promising possibilities for medical applications such as tumor diagnostics and therapy, as drug carriers or in biodegradable implants, e.g., in laser tissue soldering (LTS) [2]. LTS provides a promising

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• ) [5], poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) [6], hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPCD) [7], and poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) [8]. Biocompatible GO has many prospective uses in tissue engineering [9], drug delivery [10], cancer therapy [11][12], and treatment of bacterial infections [13][14]. Dinescu et al. designed

• dual-functionalized GO for the photothermal enhancement of gene delivery [23]. Xiong et al. studied the synergistic effects of PEG-functionalized GO for chemo-photothermal therapy [24]. Tian et al. revealed that PEG-GO enhanced the uptake of chlorin e6 by cancer cells [25]. Shen et al. exploited the

• nGO in organs including lung, liver, and spleen and promoted its clearance from these organs [28]. Zhang et al. treated a tumour with a chemo-photothermal therapy based on PEG-GO [29]. The safety and tumour accumulation of PEG-GO has been reported by Miao and co-workers [30]. Functionalized PEG-nGO

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• the most extensively studied members in this group, and are used for, e.g., polymer reinforcement, lubrication and electronic devices. Their biocompatibility and low toxicity make them suitable for medical and biological applications. One potential application is photothermal therapy (PTT), a method

• -step functionality. This ability is demonstrated here with two polymers grafted onto the nanocomposite surface, and other functionalities could be additional cancer therapy agents for achieving increased therapeutic activity. Keywords: cerium complex; magnetic nanoparticles; photothermal therapy

• engineering, and their incorporation in dental devices [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Another important medical application for nanostructures in general, and for TMDC nanostructures in particular, is targeted cancer treatment through photothermal therapy (PTT). In this method, light-responsive materials

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• fluorescent imaging and plasmonic phothothermal abilities have not been reported previously. The multifunctional nanoparticles were stable in cell buffer, nontoxic and suitable for targeted fluorescent imaging and photothermal therapy of cancer cells. We demonstrate the enhanced accumulation of folate

• theranostics in the future. Keywords: Au nanorods; cancer theranostics; fluorescent bioimaging; folate; polydopamine; targeted phototherapy; Introduction Multifunctional imaging and combined multimodal therapy strategies are very promising in cancer theranostics [1][2]. Possible way for such purpose is to

• designed parameters [3][4]. The AuNRs themselves can serve as contrast agents for two-photon [5][6], photoacoustic [7][8][9] and SERS [10][11] imaging, and for plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) [12][13]. However, the as-prepared AuNRs demonstrate high toxicity [14][15] and low stability in biological

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• and therapy, and probes for biosensing [1]. Nucleobases are constituents of DNA and RNA and can interact with different metals to form several molecular assemblies [2][3]. In the 1960s, a powerful antitumor agent named cisplatin (cis-[Pt(NH3)2Cl2]) was discovered by Rosenberg [4]. Later it was

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• targeting strategies. In this review, recent advances in the development of targeted nanoparticles will be described with the aim to present the current state of the art of this technology and its huge potential in the oncological field. Keywords: antitumoral therapy; nanomedicine; smart nanocarriers

• organelles, or tissues and cells, as well as the employ of hierarchical targeting will also be described to provide an insight about the great potency of targeted nanomedicines in antitumoral therapy. Review Passive targeting based on the EPR effect As mentioned above, the use of nanoparticles in oncology

• therapy due to the high amount of drug that is possible to deliver into the diseased cells, and by the reduction of side effects. Despite the encouraging results there is much work left to be done until these targeted nanocarriers fulfill the high expectations. Many of these systems have been tested

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• stability and biocompatibility of GNRs has been reported by several researchers, and they are being investigated as a probe for photothermal therapy in nanomedicine. The presence of longitudinal surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) provides GNRs with richer optical properties, which lead to local field, Raman

• biological application and therapy of human diseases [26][27]. In this work, we demonstrated a novel GNR@CdSe/ZnS multimodal nanostructure in aqueous phase. We chose CdSe/ZnS QDs as a PL contributor due to its high degree of brightness, excellent photostability, and good spectral overlap with GNRs. We then

• GNR@CdSe/ZnS@FA is better than CdSe/ZnS@FA, the in vitro imaging results confirm that these nanoparticles are suitable to be used for near-infrared imaging and cancer therapy. Conclusion We have developed a multifunctional nanomaterial GNR@CdSe/ZnS and enhanced the PL intensity using the surface

The nanoscaled metal-organic framework ICR-2 as a carrier of porphyrins for photodynamic therapy

• Jan Hynek,
• Sebastian Jurík,
• Martina Koncošová,
• Jaroslav Zelenka,
• Ivana Křížová,
• Tomáš Ruml,
• Kaplan Kirakci,
• Ivo Jakubec,
• František Kovanda,
• Kamil Lang and
• Jan Demel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2960–2967, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.275

• substituent at the porphyrin phosphinate groups. Thus, phosphinatophenylporphyrin with phenyl substituents has the strongest photodynamic efficacy due to the most efficient cellular uptake. Keywords: metal-organic framework; phosphinic acid based MOF; photodynamic therapy; porphyrin; singlet oxygen

• ]. Singlet oxygen is a short-lived, highly oxidative species with bactericidal and virucidal properties [6]. The cytotoxic effect can be intentionally employed in anticancer treatment in the form of photodynamic therapy (PDT) [7][8]. The most commonly utilised photosensitizers in PDT are porphyrins or

• identical conditions (e.g., irradiation wavelength, time, dose). We can compare the activity of nanoICR-2/TPPPi(Ph) with the activity of previously studied PCN-222 nanoparticles where both systems display comparable activity [22]. Conclusion In the context of photodynamic therapy, we present composite