Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• isotherms (Figure S2a,b in Supporting Information File 1). The BET specific surface area of the samples Film-1 and Foam-1 was 5 and 58 m2·g−1, respectively. The microstructure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The diffractogram of Film-1 displays the main reflections of both

A silver-nanoparticle/cellulose-nanofiber composite as a highly effective substrate for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

• Yongxin Lu,
• Yan Luo,
• Zehao Lin and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1270–1279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.126

• manually. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were acquired on a Philips X’Pert Pro diffractometer with a Cu Kα (λ = 0.15405 nm) radiation source. Diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectra were recorded by using a Shimadzu UV-2450 spectrophotometer in the diffuse-reflectance mode using an integrating sphere

• section. The high-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) image of an individual silver nanoparticle is displayed in Figure 2b, the lattice spacing of 0.236 nm observed is corresponding to the (111) plane of metallic silver [60], confirming the formation of the silver nanoparticles. Figure 3a shows the X-ray diffraction

• (XRD) patterns of the prepared Ag-NP/cellulose-NF composites. Two series of diffraction peaks were observed. The ones located at 2θ = 15.0°, 16.5°, 22.8°, and 34.1° are ascribed to the (), (101), (002), and (040) planes of crystalline cellulose, respectively [61]; and the other ones located at 2θ

Alloyed Pt₃M (M = Co, Ni) nanoparticles supported on S- and N-doped carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Stéphane Louisia,
• Yohann R. J. Thomas,
• Pierre Lecante,
• Marie Heitzmann,
• M. Rosa Axet,
• Pierre-André Jacques and
• Philippe Serp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1251–1269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.125

• characterization was performed using Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD, see Table 1 and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2 for Raman spectra). In Raman spectroscopy, a useful parameter for carbon nanotubes is the ratio between the D band (ID) at ≈1380 cm−1, attributed to the defects of the CNT

Luminescence of Tb₃Al₅O₁₂ phosphors co-doped with Ce³⁺/Gd³⁺ for white light-emitting diodes

• Yu-Guo Yang,
• Lei Wei,
• Jian-Hua Xu,
• Hua-Jian Yu,
• Yan-Yan Hu,
• Hua-Di Zhang,
• Xu-Ping Wang,
• Bing Liu,
• Cong Zhang and
• Qing-Gang Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1237–1242, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.123

• was calcined at 1350 °C for 5 h in an alumina crucible. Finally, the product was collected and reground after the temperature decreased to room temperature. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements were performed on a Rigaku D/max-RA X-ray diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å) with the

Green fabrication of lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors: Y(OH)₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles for white light generation

• Tugrul Guner,
• Anilcan Kus,
• Mehmet Ozcan,
• Aziz Genc,
• Hasan Sahin and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.119

• garnet (YAG:Ce3+, HB-4155H, Zhuhai HanboTrading Co., Ltd., Guangdong, China) was used as a yellow phosphor and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) (SYLGARD 184 Kit, Dow Corning, Midland, MI, USA) was used as the polymer matrix. The crystallographic properties of the crystals were characterized by X-ray

• diffraction (XRD; X’Pert Pro, Philips, Eindhoven, The Netherlands), while their morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM; Quanta 250, FEI, Hillsboro, OR, USA). High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) micrographs were obtained using an FEI Tecnai F20 field emission gun

Tailoring the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles using the polyol process

• Malek Bibani,
• Romain Breitwieser,
• Alex Aubert,
• Vincent Loyau,
• Silvana Mercone,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1166–1176, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.116

• refluxing (3, 6 and 15 h). The structure, microstructure and composition of the resulting NPs were then investigated by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), respectively. The magnetic properties were also evaluated using standard

• second series (x = 0.67), two attempts have been made in TriEG for 3 and 6 h, and only one in TetEG for 3 h. The main features of all prepared compositions are collected in Table 1. We have recorded the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of all cobalt ferrite samples (Figure 1). They are all matching very

A highly efficient porous rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the degradation of dye contaminants in water

• Binjing Hu,
• Qiang Sun,
• Chengyi Zuo,
• Yunxin Pei,
• Siwei Yang,
• Hui Zheng and
• Fangming Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1157–1165, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.115

• a sunlight simulator. The results showed that ZnO doped with 3% Ce exhibits the highest RhB degradation rate. To understand the crystal structure, elemental state, surface morphology and chemical composition, the photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• often on the external surface of clay minerals [8][11]. The particle shape and size have been evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) using the Scherrer equation, in addition to the spectroscopic information obtained from the shift of the UV–vis absorption band to

CuInSe₂ quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy on amorphous SiO₂ surfaces

• Henrique Limborço,
• Pedro M.P. Salomé,
• Rodrigo Ribeiro-Andrade,
• Jennifer P. Teixeira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Kamal Abderrafi,
• Joaquim P. Leitão,
• Juan C. Gonzalez and
• Sascha Sadewasser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1103–1111, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.110

• tetragonal CIS [37]. Interplanar distances of 0.322, 0.185, and 0.322 nm were found from the nanodot diffraction spots (−112), (−220), and (−11−2), respectively. From the reference X-ray diffraction (XRD) database, the interplanar distances of (−112), (−220), and (−11−2) are 0.335, 0.205, and 0.335 nm

Nanoscale optical and structural characterisation of silk

• Meguya Ryu,
• Reo Honda,
• Adrian Cernescu,
• Arturas Vailionis,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Jitraporn Vongsvivut,
• Jing-Liang Li,
• Denver P. Linklater,
• Elena P. Ivanova,
• Vygantas Mizeikis,
• Mark J. Tobin,
• Junko Morikawa and
• Saulius Juodkazis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 922–929, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.93

• complex materials and to detect crystalline regions. Figure 1 and Figure 2a show 3D reconstructions of the Bombyx mori silk fibers bundled together and their X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern, respectively. The period d corresponds to the most pronounced peaks at the diffraction angle 2θ, given by Bragg’s

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• /CCN (CISCCN) composite products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). As shown in Figure 2, the (100) peak located at 13.1° displayed in pure g-C3N4 is attributed to the in-planar stacking of tris-triazine units [35]. The characteristic graphite-like nanosheet structure of g-C3N4 is

• , NEXUS-870, Nicolet Instrument Co. USA), X-ray diffraction (XRD, XD-3, Purkinje General, China, Cu Kα radiation), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, Escalab 250Xi, America), UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS, Hitachi U-4100) at a wavelength range of 200–800 nm, and fluorescence

The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model

• Qura Tul Ain,
• Samina Hyder Haq,
• Abeer Alshammari,
• Moudhi Abdullah Al-Mutlaq and
• Muhammad Naeem Anjum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91

• ). Graphene oxide sheets (GOS) were synthesized via a modified Hummer's method and were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The method of Zhang was adopted for cracking of GOS. Then nano-graphene oxide was PEGylated with

• diffraction X-ray diffraction (XRD) was carried out to identify the structure of the cellular units (d-spacing) used for the confirmation of a successful GO synthesis. A Bruker D8 ADVANCE diffractometer with Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.54060 Å) was used. Figure 1 shows the XRD patterns. In the case of pure

• Excel, and the values (P* < 0.05) were considered statistically significant. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of pure graphite and synthesized graphene oxide. Deviation of XRD peak at 2θ = 26.5° to 9.9° confirmed the successful oxidation of graphite sheets. FTIR spectra of nGO and PEG-nGO. Additional

Synthesis of MnO₂–CuO–Fe₂O₃/CNTs catalysts: low-temperature SCR activity and formation mechanism

• Yanbing Zhang,
• Lihua Liu,
• Yingzan Chen,
• Xianglong Cheng,
• Chengjian Song,
• Mingjie Ding and
• Haipeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 848–855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.85

• optimal load of 4%. Characterization techniques X-ray diffraction (XRD) was measured with an X'Pert Pro MPD X-ray diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 0.15406 nm) with a 2θ range from 5° to 80°. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on a JEOL model JEM 2010 EX instrument. Temperature

An efficient electrode material for high performance solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on a Cu/CuO/porous carbon nanofiber/TiO₂ hybrid composite

• Mamta Sham Lal,
• Thirugnanam Lavanya and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 781–793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.78

• , PCNF, Cu/PCNF, TiO2 and Cu/CuO/PCNF/TiO2 nanocomposites were examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as shown in Figure 3. XRD pattern of CNF and PCNF shows the most relevant characteristic peaks at 2θ = 25.4°, 44.2° and 2θ = 25.1°, 44.0°, respectively, which correspond to (002) and (101) planes with d

Towards rare-earth-free white light-emitting diode devices based on the combination of dicyanomethylene and pyranine as organic dyes supported on zinc single-layered hydroxide

• Jeff L. Nyalosaso,
• Rachod Boonsin,
• Pierre Vialat,
• Damien Boyer,
• Geneviève Chadeyron,
• Rachid Mahiou and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 760–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.75

• kV and using an Everhart–Thornley secondary-electron detector. Prior to observation, the sample was attached to adhesive carbon and then coated with Au. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of Zn-SLH was recorded with a Philips Xpert Pro diffractometer operating with Cu Kα1 radiation (λ = 1.5406 Å) in

On the transformation of “zincone”-like into porous ZnO thin films from sub-saturated plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition

• Alberto Perrotta,
• Julian Pilz,
• Stefan Pachmajer,
• Antonella Milella and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 746–759, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.74

• doses below self-limiting values. Nanoporous ZnO thin films were subsequently obtained by calcination of the zincone-like layers between 100–600 °C. Spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were adopted in situ during calcination to investigate the removal of carbon impurities

• fractions. The calcination of the hybrid layers was investigated in situ with spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Oxygen plasma was used as co-reactant together with diethylzinc (DEZ) in a room-temperature plasma-enhanced ALD process and, as a function of the plasma time exposure

• technique can be found in [50][51]. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was performed to analyze the crystalline properties of the films in specular direction, that is, with the crystallographic planes parallel to the substrate. The diffractometer (Panalytical Empyrean), working in a θ/2θ-configuration, was equipped

An iridescent film of porous anodic aluminum oxide with alternatingly electrodeposited Cu and SiO₂ nanoparticles

• Menglei Chang,
• Huawen Hu,
• Haiyan Quan,
• Hongyang Wei,
• Zhangyi Xiong,
• Jiacong Lu,
• Pin Luo,
• Yaoheng Liang,
• Jianzhen Ou and
• Dongchu Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 735–745, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.73

• measured using an ultraviolet–visible–near infrared (UV–vis–NIR) spectrophotometer (UV-4100, Hitachi, Japan). Microstructure observation and phase-composition analyses were performed using a TD-3500 X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument. For measuring the thickness of the thin films formed on the sample, the

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• medium wavelength range of the ultraviolet C (UVC) and ultraviolet B (UVB) regions. In the present work, Mg2Al LDH materials were first organo-modified with histidine and phenylalanine using a co-precipitation method and then characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared

Ultrathin hydrophobic films based on the metal organic framework UiO-66-COOH(Zr)

• Miguel A. Andrés,
• Clemence Sicard,
• Christian Serre,
• Olivier Roubeau and
• Ignacio Gascón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 654–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.65

• OPD/MOF ultrathin films have been fabricated onto glass, calcium fluoride, quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), Si(100) substrates and mica and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM

Enhancement in thermoelectric properties due to Ag nanoparticles incorporated in Bi₂Te₃ matrix

• Srashti Gupta,
• Dinesh Chandra Agarwal,
• Bathula Sivaiah,
• Sankarakumar Amrithpandian,
• Kandasami Asokan,
• Ajay Dhar,
• Binaya Kumar Panigrahi,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Vinay Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 634–643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.63

• characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and thermoelectric measurements. XRD measurements were performed using a Bruker D8 Avance diffractometer with Cu Kα (1.5406 Å) radiation. TEM investigations were carried out using a LIBRA 200 FE HRTEM. Gatan software [22] was used

• using a commercial instrument (Ulvac, ZEM3). The instrument error during TE measurements is ±5%. Results and Discussion X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy selected area electron diffraction X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of Bi2Te3 with different concentrations of Ag (0, 5 and 20 wt

Ceria/polymer nanocontainers for high-performance encapsulation of fluorophores

• Kartheek Katta,
• Dmitry Busko,
• Yuri Avlasevich,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Stanislav Baluschev and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 522–530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.53

• TEM images presented in Figure 2 demonstrate that the inorganic ceria nanoparticles were efficiently crystallized on the surface (Figure 2a,b shows the pristine sample NC and Figure 2c,d shows the hybrid sample, labeled as NC-CeO2). The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the hybrid sample, shown in

A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

• Yongguang Zhang,
• Jun Ren,
• Yan Zhao,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Fuxing Yin and
• Yichao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.52

• @MWCNT composite. The cathode was fabricated by coating a slurry of S-3D-RGO@MWCNT, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and carbon black (mass ratio 8:1:1) on a carbon-coated Al foil. Materials characterization X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the as-prepared 3D-RGO@MWCNT composite were obtained using XRD

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensor applications of PtSe₂ nanosheets synthesized by wet chemistry

• Mahendra S. Pawar and
• Dattatray J. Late

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.46

• carried out at ambient pressure and room temperature. Results and Discussion Structural characterization The structural characterization was carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. Figure 1a shows the typical XRD pattern of the as-prepared sample deposited on a Si substrate. XRD

Improving control of carbide-derived carbon microstructure by immobilization of a transition-metal catalyst within the shell of carbide/carbon core–shell structures

• Teguh Ariyanto,
• Jan Glaesel,
• Andreas Kern,
• Gui-Rong Zhang and
• Bastian J. M. Etzold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 419–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.41

• of the carbon material is characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) and physisorption analysis. Results and Discussion Properties of CDC-shell/carbide core starting material First of all, the properties of the hybrid starting material (Figure 1, left) were

Integration of LaMnO_3+δ films on platinized silicon substrates for resistive switching applications by PI-MOCVD

• Raquel Rodriguez-Lamas,
• Dolors Pla,
• Odette Chaix-Pluchery,
• Benjamin Meunier,
• Fabrice Wilhelm,
• Andrei Rogalev,
• Laetitia Rapenne,
• Xavier Mescot,
• Quentin Rafhay,
• Hervé Roussel,
• Michel Boudard,
• Carmen Jiménez and
• Mónica Burriel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 389–398, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.38

• analyzed by semi-quantitative energy-dispersive X-ray analyses (EDX) using an Oxford Inca Energy detector coupled to the SEM. A combined study in X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy was performed to determine the crystal structure of the films and to detect the presence/absence of secondary