Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX

• Rina Kumari,
• Sumit Singh,
• Mohan Monisha,
• Sourav Bhowmick,
• Anindya Roy,
• Neeladri Das and
• Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 697–707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.62

• of 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolic acid 2,6,14-triptycenetripropiolicacid (TPA) was synthesized from 2,6,14-tribromotriptycene in three steps as outlined in Scheme 2. The purity of the compound was confirmed by using NMR, mass spectrometry and elemental analysis [35]. Synthesis and characterization of

• denaturing PAGE (Figure 1) and further characterized by RP-HPLC and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS). Four bands were observed with 20% denaturing PAGE following the conjugation of ssDNA with TPA. With the availability of three carboxylic acid groups in TPA, three products are possible corresponding to the

• PpIX was added during assembly. Supporting Information Supporting information contains characterization of DNA–TPA conjugates and assemblies in presence and absence of Zn PpIX. This file contains denaturing and native PAGE, RP-HPLC chromatograms, MALDI mass spectrometry spectra, AFM images, CD spectra

Finite-size effect on the dynamic and sensing performances of graphene resonators: the role of edge stress

• Chang-Wan Kim,
• Mai Duc Dai and
• Kilho Eom

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 685–696, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.61

• -frequency dynamic range of nanomechanical resonators has enabled them to be used for development of lab-on-a-chip mass spectrometry [7][8]. For the recent decade, graphene, which is an atomically thin sheet made of carbon atoms, has been highlighted due to its excellent electrical [9][10][11] and mechanical

Determination of the compositions of the DIGM zone in nanocrystalline Ag/Au and Ag/Pd thin films by secondary neutral mass spectrometry

• Gábor Y. Molnár,
• Shenouda S. Shenouda,
• Gábor L. Katona,
• Gábor A. Langer and
• Dezső L. Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 474–483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.41

• by grain boundary diffusion-induced grain boundary migration is investigated by secondary neutral mass spectrometry depth profiling in Ag/Au and Ag/Pd nanocrystalline thin film systems. It is shown that the compositions in zones left behind the moving boundaries can be determined by this technique if

• ][19][20] it was indicated that the compositions in the DIGM zones can be determined by secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS) depth profiling. It was shown that i) as it was illustrated in the Cu/Ni system already in 1983 [21], alloying can also take place in the faster component, similarly as in

• × 10−3 Pa) in the temperature range of 150–280 °C for different times. Concentration–depth profiles were determined by measuring the intensity (cps) as a function of the sputtering time (s) using secondary neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS, INA-X, SPECS GmbH, Berlin) equipment. The intensity–sputtering

Orthogonal chemical functionalization of patterned gold on silica surfaces

• Francisco Palazon,
• Didier Léonard,
• Thierry Le Mogne,
• Francesca Zuttion,
• Céline Chevalier,
• Magali Phaner-Goutorbe,
• Éliane Souteyrand,
• Yann Chevolot and
• Jean-Pierre Cloarec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2272–2277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.233

• orthogonality of the functionalization (i.e., selective grafting of the thiol on the gold areas and the silane on the silica) was demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) as well as time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF–SIMS) mapping. The orthogonal functionalization was used to

Effect of SiN_x diffusion barrier thickness on the structural properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ films obtained by sol–gel dip coating and reactive magnetron sputtering

• Mohamed Nawfal Ghazzal,
• Eric Aubry,
• Nouari Chaoui and
• Didier Robert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2039–2045, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.207

• diffusion barrier thickness using extremely sensitive surface analysis techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and sputtered neutral mass spectrometry (SNMS)) [5][6][13]. Aubry et al. showed that the concentration of Na+ ions increases with a decrease of the SiNx diffusion barrier of thickness

Electrospray deposition of organic molecules on bulk insulator surfaces

• Antoine Hinaut,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1927–1934, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.195

• techniques are compatible with molecular resolution, the pollution from solvents remains a problem [3][4][5]. Electrospray ionization (ESI), first developed by Fenn et al. [6] allows for the introduction of large organic molecules in vacuum. Originally developed for mass spectrometry and protein studies, it

The role of low-energy electrons in focused electron beam induced deposition: four case studies of representative precursors

• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Ragesh Kumar T. P.,
• D. Howard Fairbrother and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1904–1926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.194

• studies To study low energy electron-induced processes in the gas phase, a low energy electron beam with a resolution of about 100 meV is crossed with an effusive beam of FEBID precursor molecules and the electron energy dependence for the formation of charged fragments is monitored by mass spectrometry

• electron beam/effusive molecular beam apparatus and product ions were measured using mass spectrometry; the apparatus and methods have each been described in detail [46]. As previously described, electrons with incident energies below the ionization threshold of the parent molecule (7.7 eV for MeCpPtMe3

• , and the potential role of ND in the deposit formation. All of these gas phase studies can be compared with a UHV surface study by Landheer et al. [23], where mass spectrometry was used to monitor desorption of volatile decomposition products and XPS and HREELS were used to monitor the evolution of the

DNA–melamine hybrid molecules: from self-assembly to nanostructures

• Rina Kumari,
• Shib Shankar Banerjee,
• Anil K. Bhowmick and
• Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1432–1438, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.148

• phosphoramidation cross coupling was confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS). The reaction products were purified by dialysis

• experimental methods, RP-HPLC chromatograms, ESI and MALDI mass spectrometry data and spectra, AFM images, and CD spectra. Acknowledgements This work was supported by a grant to P. D. from the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India, Project No. BT/PR3444/NNT/28/560/2011. All the authors thank

Peptide-equipped tobacco mosaic virus templates for selective and controllable biomineral deposition

• Klara Altintoprak,
• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Alexander Welle,
• Sabine Eiben,
• Petia Atanasova,
• Nina Stitz,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Joachim Bill,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Holger Jeske,
• Dirk Rothenstein,
• Fania Geiger and
• Christina Wege

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1399–1412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.145

• mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) [90] was performed on air-dried, drop cast suspensions of TMVwt or TMV–KD10 particles (both with and without 10 days of exposure to TEOS). Positive and negative secondary ion spectra were recorded from random positions of the TMV deposits. The peak assignment is based on

Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• proof was obtained by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) by comparison with non-functionalized carbon samples, but also by reacting model compounds in solution and crystallizing the products to solve their crystal structure, confirming the hypothesis [52]. Indeed, clusters 1–9 are anchored on the

• rather than chelating phosphine ligands. It is also known that Au atoms in clusters actually behave more as ligands than as part of the cluster core [53]. SIMS characterization of anchored species Cluster 4 anchored on CNF–PPh2, MWNTox and MWNT–PPh2 was characterized by secondary ion mass spectrometry

Scanning reflection ion microscopy in a helium ion microscope

• Yuri V. Petrov and
• Oleg F. Vyvenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1125–1137, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.114

• were examined in the field of material science [15][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] as well as in biology [15][16][24][25][26]. Different techniques such as secondary electron energy filtering [27], helium ion channeling contrast [28][29][30], helium ion transmission microscopy [31], secondary ion mass

• spectrometry [32][33], and ionoluminescence [34][35] were developed. In this paper we report on the development of the instrumentation and the analysis of the capabilities and limitations of scanning reflection ion microscopy (RIM) in a helium ion microscope. In the experimental part of our work we describe a

Charge carrier mobility and electronic properties of Al(Op)₃: impact of excimer formation

• Andrea Magri,
• Pascal Friederich,
• Bernhard Schäfer,
• Valeria Fattori,
• Xiangnan Sun,
• Timo Strunk,
• Velimir Meded,
• Luis E. Hueso,
• Wolfgang Wenzel and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1107–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.112

• experimental data. Results Al(Op)3 was synthesized as previously described [23]. To confirm the purity of the complex, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) were carried out and compared with the data reported in previous work [16]. Initially, in order to

High sensitivity and high resolution element 3D analysis by a combined SIMS–SPM instrument

• Yves Fleming and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1091–1099, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.110

• of the TiCN cermet. Keywords: alloy; atomic force microscopy (AFM); correlative microscopy; differential sputtering; in situ; multimodal imaging; nano-cluster; polymer blend; secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS); scanning probe microscopy (SPM); SIMS artefacts; sputter-induced effects; sputter

• has increased during the last decade [1]. In particular, nano-analytical techniques and instruments providing both excellent spatial resolution and high-sensitivity chemical information are of utmost importance for investigations at the nanoscale. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) is a method of

• . Conclusion A correlative approach between secondary ion mass spectrometry and atomic force microscopy in a single instrument leads to 3D chemical maps with highest sensitivity and enhanced spatial accuracy. This combination of techniques is of particular interest to detect and eliminate artefacts due to

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• (SEI) formation [61]. Kang et al. showed that it also leads to an improved stability of carbon at the cathode [71]. 2.3.1.4 Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS) studies: The electrolyte decomposition is a major drawback that made DEMS studies inevitable in Li/O2 cell research. Today

• reactions. Therefore, DEMS or online electrochemical mass spectrometry (OEMS) was introduced into the Li/O2 battery field and is now one of the most important, but seldom employed, diagnostic tools of current research [46][72][73][74][75][76][77]. Figure 5 shows the potential of DEMS analysis when comparing

A simple approach to the synthesis of Cu_1.8S dendrites with thiamine hydrochloride as a sulfur source and structure-directing agent

• Xiaoliang Yan,
• Sha Li,
• Yun-xiang Pan,
• Zhi Yang and
• Xuguang Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 881–885, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.90

• investigated the morphology evolution of Cu1.8S as a function of the hydrothermal process time. Burford et al. reported that the functional groups in biomolecules, e.g., –NH2, –COOH, and –S–, are strongly inclined to interact with inorganic cations based on a mass spectrometry study [13]. This indicates that

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (1D-/2D-PAGE) [28][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98]. Recently, Tenzer et al. [8][99] introduced an intriguing combination of 1D-/2D-PAGE and immune-blotting with sophisticated label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and demonstrated the unique abilities of

• signatures, as identified by quantitative mass spectrometry, by their calculated isoelectric point (Figure 5). At the physiological pH of blood plasma (pH 7.3), preferential binding of negatively charged proteins (pI < 7) onto the SiNP surfaces was reported. The protein size also played a significant role

• time-resolved determination of NP-specific fingerprints. This method, based on label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), allows for an insight into the time-evolution of the full serum protein corona. Such information, especially for short exposure times, is urgently needed to

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• was incorporated inside the SiO2 spheres. The concentration of the NPs and the number of the Gd3+ ions present in the silanized NPs were determined by absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The size of the NPs was found to be 8–15 nm. The MRI experiments

Functionalization of α-synuclein fibrils

• Simona Povilonienė,
• Vida Časaitė,
• Virginijus Bukauskas,
• Arūnas Šetkus,
• Juozas Staniulis and
• Rolandas Meškys

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 124–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.12

• similar to those of α-Syn. The theoretical molecular mass of α-SynC141 (14.46 kDa) was confirmed by mass spectrometry. However, a band corresponding to about 18 kDa was observed in SDS-PAGE (Figure 1). Assuming that a very acidic C-terminus of α-Syn weakly interacts with SDS, the electrophoretic migration

• , was used for control assays. Protein purity was evaluated by gel electrophoresis. Mass spectrometry verified the presence of the cysteine residue in the C terminal. α-SynC141 and α-Syn fibril formation Lyophilized proteins were dissolved in the buffer: 50 mM Tris-HCl, 100 mM NaCl, pH 7.5 to a final

The distribution and degradation of radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots in mice

• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Markus Heine,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Stephen G. Hickey,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Jörg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 111–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.11

• , resulting in a loss of fluorescence. This would otherwise confirm the 65Zn results, however, this was in contrast to Yank et al. who followed commercial PEG 5000-coated CdTe/ZnS Qdots by tracing their fluorescence in mice for 28 d and measured 111Cd by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS

In situ metalation of free base phthalocyanine covalently bonded to silicon surfaces

• Fabio Lupo,
• Cristina Tudisco,
• Federico Bertani,
• Enrico Dalcanale and
• Guglielmo G. Condorelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2222–2229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.231

• (DBU) as a basic catalyst. The target compound was isolated in 58% yield as a dark-green powder after purification. 1-Pc was successfully characterized by 1H NMR and MALDI–TOF mass spectrometry (see Experimental section). XPS characterization of Si-bonded phthalocyanine Covalent anchoring of 1-Pc on

The gut wall provides an effective barrier against nanoparticle uptake

• Heike Sinnecker,
• Thorsten Krause,
• Sabine Koelling,
• Ingmar Lautenschläger and
• Andreas Frey

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2092–2101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.218

• coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), we recovered the europium in concentrations well comparable to the respective fluorescence signals. However, in none of the vascular and lymphatic samples, which we analyzed by ICP-MS, any europium above detection limit was found, not even in the few lymphatic

Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

• Juergen Bartelmess and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207

• product was well soluble in common organic solvents such as ethanol, chloroform and dichloromethane. Evidence for a successful CNO functionalization was derived from 1H NMR spectroscopy, MALDI mass spectrometry and elemental analysis. TEM suggested that the individual CNOs had diameters between 60 and 300

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• treatments, but also in a high degree of purity of the recovered proteins, which can be further analysed by mass spectrometry [86]. Graphene: Graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (r-GO) have been investigated as new biocompatible material by virtue of their unique properties, making them

The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions

• Christoph Bantz,
• Olga Koshkina,
• Thomas Lang,
• Hans-Joachim Galla,
• C. James Kirkpatrick,
• Roland H. Stauber and
• Michael Maskos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188

• scattering, MALLS), dynamic light scattering [48][49], or mass spectrometry (inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS) [50] can be applied. Silica and poly(organosiloxane) nanoparticles Although both silica and poly(organosiloxane) (POS) nanoparticles are based on silicon dioxide (SiO2) as

A study on the consequence of swift heavy ion irradiation of Zn–silica nanocomposite thin films: electronic sputtering

• Compesh Pannu,
• Udai B. Singh,
• Dinesh. C. Agarwal,
• Saif A. Khan,
• Sunil Ojha,
• Ramesh Chandra,
• Hiro Amekura,
• Debdulal Kabiraj and
• Devesh. K. Avasthi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1691–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.179

• occurs. It has potential applications in astrophysics, space devices and mass spectrometry of large molecules [10]. Sputtering occurs due to the energy transfer to the atoms in the target by incident ions through nuclear collision cascades (nuclear sputtering) produced in the target as well as electronic