Surface roughness rather than surface chemistry essentially affects insect adhesion

• Matt W. England,
• Tomoya Sato,
• Makoto Yagihashi,
• Atsushi Hozumi,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Elena V. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1471–1479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.139

• relatively little attention from researchers working on surface science and engineering [24][25]. Another possible reason might be that the properties of unwettable biological surfaces, other than surface wetting/de-wetting, have not been tested. The question of whether surface chemistry or surface roughness

• pronounced reduction. Prüm et al. [17] measured the traction force of the beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata on different plant surfaces and their artificial replicas, and reported that surface roughness exerted a strong influence on attachment, whereas surface chemistry was found to have no significant

• not yet been fully resolved. Therefore, in order to obtain a deeper understanding of this bio-attachment phenomenon, it is crucial to systematically investigate the influence of both the surface chemistry and surface morphology on insect attachment properties using a greater range of surfaces with

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• influences cells to generate reactive oxygen species that play a role in cell killing under high nanoparticle concentrations even though the material is chemically stable [27][28]. The topography of the surface on which endothelial cells are cultivated seems to be less important than the surface chemistry

Influence of ambient humidity on the attachment ability of ladybird beetles (Coccinella septempunctata)

• Lars Heepe,
• Jonas O. Wolff and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1322–1329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.123

• dependent adhesion in geckos [10], it needs to be mentioned that both mechanisms require water to be present at the contact interface. It can be either absorbed water on the substrate, whose actual amount depends on the relative humidity and on the surface chemistry [19][51] or capillary condensation [52

In situ characterization of hydrogen absorption in nanoporous palladium produced by dealloying

• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Christopher Wiednig,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1197–1201, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.110

• of the total H absorption takes place on sites close to the surface. Being subjected to significantly lower constraints than atomic layers inside the bulk, superficial planes may show stronger outward relaxation during hydrogen uptake, similar to the surface-chemistry-driven actuation behavior known

Reasons and remedies for the agglomeration of multilayered graphene and carbon nanotubes in polymers

• Rasheed Atif and
• Fawad Inam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1174–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.109

Orientation of FePt nanoparticles on top of a-SiO₂/Si(001), MgO(001) and sapphire(0001): effect of thermal treatments and influence of substrate and particle size

• Martin Schilling,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Zaoli Zhang,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 591–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.52

• Martin Schilling Paul Ziemann Zaoli Zhang Johannes Biskupek Ute Kaiser Ulf Wiedwald Institute of Solid State Physics, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, 89069 Ulm, Germany Electron Microscopy Group of Materials Science, Ulm University

Hydration of magnesia cubes: a helium ion microscopy study

• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Johannes Schneider,
• Gilles R. Bourret and
• Oliver Diwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 302–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.28

• not be avoided. In addition, fluctuations in the beam current may have occurred. However, the contrast changes observed may also be indicative of chemical modifications; since SEs in the HIM are generated almost exclusively from the primary ion beam, they carry information about the surface chemistry

• -vacuum conditions, the MgO cubes embedded in the as-received indium foil after (a) 1 h and (b) 4 days in the HIM chamber (chamber pressure p < 3·10−7 mbar) exhibit contrast changes, which are attributed to the surface chemistry. MgO cubes that are not in contact with the indium foil (marked by arrows) do

3D solid supported inter-polyelectrolyte complexes obtained by the alternate deposition of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) and poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate)

• Eduardo Guzmán,
• Armando Maestro,
• Sara Llamas,
• Jesús Álvarez-Rodríguez,
• Francisco Ortega,
• Ángel Maroto-Valiente and
• Ramón G. Rubio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 197–208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.18

• photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) provides valuable information about the surface chemistry of the samples. A method to provide depth profiles (with different penetration depths, x) is angle-resolved XPS. In this method the electron path through the solid, i.e., three times the inelastic mean free path, is

Evaluation of gas-sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures electrochemically doped with Au nanophases

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.3

• sensing; and (2) the annealing temperatures influence not only the morphology but also the surface chemistry, especially of the Au-functionalized nanostructures, having a larger effect, as a consequence, on the sensing response of the nanostructures. Conclusion This manuscript reports the successful

Nanoscale rippling on polymer surfaces induced by AFM manipulation

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Franco Dinelli and
• Pasqualantonio Pingue

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2278–2289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.234

• instances, quantitatively derived. The key observations and findings are reviewed in the following two sections. Dependence on the scanning modality Scanning parameters: Using an AFM, one can vary a range of experimental parameters such as the tip shape and surface chemistry, the applied load, the

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• information highlighted as being important. Firstly, this required consideration of which measurements might correspond to different kinds of physicochemical information; the “minimum” characterisation parameters reported in various proposals [12][53] are sometimes quite broadly defined, e.g., “Surface

• Chemistry, including reactivity, hydrophobicity” [53]. Secondly, this required consideration of which corresponding Material file “Characteristics […]” and/or Assay file “Measurement Value […]” columns needed to be defined - as well as, in some cases, which “Parameter Value […]” columns needed to be defined

Temperature-dependent breakdown of hydrogen peroxide-treated ZnO and TiO₂ nanoparticle agglomerates

• Sinan Sabuncu and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1897–1903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.193

• devices due to their unique physicochemical properties. One of the major problems with their widespread implementation is their uncontrolled agglomeration. One approach to reduce agglomeration is to alter their surface chemistry with a proper functionality in an environmentally friendly way. In this study

• nm) was examined [16]. The thermal conductivity and surface potential of the nanofluids were also studied [17][18][19]. The toxicity of NPs is another concern that is strongly related to their size, shape, and surface chemistry. Since the synthesis of NPs of a certain size and shape in large

• quantities is nearly impossible using current approaches, the surface chemistry can only be considered as an alternative to reduce the possible toxic effects. An appropriate functional group on the NP surface may improve biocompatibility and stability in various environments. In our previous study, we

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• functionalisation of NPs was provided only in less than half of the entries. This is alarming because the surface chemistry of ENMs dictates their interactions with biological molecules and cells [45]. Altogether, 44% of the entries in the database contained information on NP coating: 29% of these were coated and

Template-controlled mineralization: Determining film granularity and structure by surface functionality patterns

• Nina J. Blumenstein,
• Jonathan Berson,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Petia Atanasova,
• Johannes Baier,
• Joachim Bill and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1763–1768, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.180

• investigations will reveal if other properties such as piezoelectric activity, conductivity, optical or mechanical properties can also be controlled by the patterned surface chemistry of the substrate. Conclusion Here we demonstrate the control of the structure and granularity of a growing film by means of a

Influence of surface chemical properties on the toxicity of engineered zinc oxide nanoparticles to embryonic zebrafish

• Zitao Zhou,
• Jino Son,
• Bryan Harper,
• Zheng Zhou and
• Stacey Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1568–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.160

• , chemical modifications are often performed on the NPs surface; however, the roles of these alterations play in determining the toxicity of ZnO NPs are still not well understood. As such, we investigated the toxicity of 17 diverse ZnO NPs varying in both size and surface chemistry to developing zebrafish

• modification, regardless of the type, resulted in mortality at 24 hours post-fertilization (hpf) while uncoated particles did not induce significant mortality until 120 hpf. Using eight intrinsic chemical properties that relate to the outermost surface chemistry of the engineered ZnO nanoparticles, the highly

• dimensional toxicity data were converted to a 2-dimensional data set through principal component analysis (PCA). Euclidean distance was used to partition different NPs into several groups based on converted data (score) which were directly related to changes in the outermost surface chemistry. Kriging

Thermal treatment of magnetite nanoparticles

• Beata Kalska-Szostko,
• Urszula Wykowska,
• Dariusz Satula and
• Per Nordblad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1385–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.143

• easily inside the particle along the edges of structural discontinuation. Also, the surface chemistry is different from the previous case and it can behave differently at elevated temperature where partial evaporation could occur. The comparison of MNP-3 with MNP-2 particles shows that the mass loss is

Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• found that their average particle size follows the sequence of GNF < MWNT ≈ SWNT < AC, but the activity and selectivity are sensitive to other factors such as porosity and surface chemistry of the carbon support [21][22]. Finally, alternative preparation methods have also been reported, including

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• a suitable conductive support structure. For the Li/S8 and Li/O2 batteries, this means that significant complexity is added, as a series of transport steps and nucleation/decomposition processes take place that will depend on the morphology, microstructure and surface chemistry of the conductive

Electrocatalysis on the nm scale

• R. Jürgen Behm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1008–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.103

• R. Jurgen Behm Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 47, D-89081 Ulm, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.6.103 Keywords: electrocatalysis; The past two decades have seen a renewed and rapidly growing interest in the fields of electrochemistry and

Protein corona – from molecular adsorption to physiological complexity

• Lennart Treuel,
• Dominic Docter,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 857–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.88

• presence and nature of this corona. The relation between the original surface functionality of the NP and the nature of the corona is far from trivial and still remains very elusive [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. It has been shown that not only the NP surface chemistry but also features such as NP size [8] and

• decreases its tendency to desorb. In this context, further experiments are desirable, dissecting the influences of avidity, affinity, van-der-Waals-type and Coulomb-type interactions. Role of surface chemistry A plethora of different surface functionalities exists and structure–function relationships have

Low-cost formation of bulk and localized polymer-derived carbon nanodomains from polydimethylsiloxane

• Juan Carlos Castro Alcántara,
• Mariana Cerda Zorrilla,
• Lucia Cabriales,
• Luis Manuel León Rossano and
• Mathieu Hautefeuille

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 744–748, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.76

• after their formation. Unfortunately, the dependence of the fluorescence wavelengths and surface chemistry of the nanodomains with laser conditions as well as the thermal conditions influence on nanodomains formation have not been studied and will require future work to address these important

In situ observation of biotite (001) surface dissolution at pH 1 and 9.5 by advanced optical microscopy

• Chiara Cappelli,
• Daniel Lamarca-Irisarri,
• Jordi Camas,
• F. Javier Huertas and
• Alexander E. S. Van Driessche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 665–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.67

• charge, point of zero salt effect) for an unambiguous description of biotite surface chemistry [48], in general, the alkali treatment of silicate mineral affects the variable surface charge in a way that reactivity towards charged and polar compounds should increase (increase in surface acidity) [49

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• inorganic surface chemistry [8]. Procedures based on electrostatically driven adsorption [9][10][11], covalent coupling [12], electrochemical surface modifications [13], self-organized organic layers [14][15], etc. have been extensively studied for the immobilization of biologically active molecules [16] on

Entropy effects in the collective dynamic behavior of alkyl monolayers tethered to Si(111)

• Christian Godet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 583–594, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.60

• surface chemistry, surface energy, biocompatibility, friction, corrosion, liquid chromatography, interfacial interactions and electronic transport [1][2][3][4][5][6]. More recent studies have been focused on the functionalization of nanostructures. However, in spite of a large number of experimental and

Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air–blood barrier model

• Jennifer Y. Kasper,
• Lisa Feiden,
• Maria I. Hermanns,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Michael Maskos,
• Ronald E. Unger and
• C. James Kirkpatrick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 517–528, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.54

• agglomeration behavior, their only differentiating property is their surface chemistry. This makes the selected samples appropriate candidates for a comparison of the influence of the surface properties on particle toxicity. In presence of Alveofact® (Lyomark Pharma), large agglomerates of a few hundred