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Search for "ion" in Full Text gives 941 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
A TiO2@MWCNTs nanocomposite photoanode for solar-driven water splitting
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1520–1530, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.125
- frequencies [42][43]. Additionally, the equivalent circuit fitted to the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode indicates that electron and ion transfers and the electrode material contribute to the overall charge transfer [43]. The results suggest synergies of TiO2 nanoparticles and MWCNTs in the TiO2@MWCNTs electrode
In search of cytotoxic selectivity on cancer cells with biogenically synthesized Ag/AgCl nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1505–1519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.124
- the Ag+ ion of the AgNO3 salt to Ag0. In this way, silver nuclei are generated and join to form nanoparticles, which are stabilized (via capping) by the same metabolites that are involved in the oxidation–reduction process [9]. Various plant parts have been used to generate AgNPs. Amongst these parts
- metallic Ag and as an ion in AgCl. According to the quantitative results, Ag/AgCl-Troom and Ag/AgCl-T100 have the highest Ag content. In contrast, Ag/AgCl-T60 and Ag/AgCl-T80 have the lowest Ag concentrations. This result is consistent with the data determined from the XRD diffractograms shown in Table 1
Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123
- probably caused by the more porous structure and, as a result, higher dissolution rate of these composites, inducing an increased ion concentration in the surrounding biological environment, which may be detrimental for cell proliferation. It can be noticed that HAG-1200 ceramics without BG also exhibited
- a somewhat lower cell viability than HAP-1200 ceramics. For both HAP- and HAG-based composites the addition of 10% of BG decreased the values of relative viability, again due to higher ion concentration in the physiologic environment due to the higher porosity and dissolubility. Conclusion A series
- . Slightly lower values were observed for HAGCs, caused by the more porous structure and the higher dissolution rate inducing an increased ion concentration in the surrounding biological environment. In the range of the examined composites, an optimal combination of properties (structural, mechanical
Structural studies and selected physical investigations of LiCoO2 obtained by combustion synthesis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1473–1482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.121
- the annealing temperature causes a steady decrease in the DC conductivity. Keywords: lithium cobalt oxide; lithium-ion battery; nanocrystalline powder; solution combustion synthesis; Introduction Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2, LCO) of hexagonal structure () was first used as cathode material in
- capable of reversibly intercalating lithium ions [2]. The commercialization of lithium-ion cells was achieved in the early 1990s by Sony Corporation and in 1992 by a joint venture company (Asahi Kasai and Toshiba) [2][3][4]. Almost 90% of commercial Li-ion batteries consist of a lithium cobalt oxide
- cathode and a graphite anode immersed in a lithium-ion conducting electrolyte, which is 1 M lithium hexafluorophosphate LiPF6 in a 1:1 (v/v) mixture of ethylene and dimethyl carbonate. Most commercial Li-ion cells are used to power portable devices, including mobile phones, laptops, and cameras [5][6][7
Coherent amplification of radiation from two phase-locked Josephson junction arrays
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1445–1457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.119
- self-aligning process using e-beam lithography and reactive ion etching [16][17]. Similar arrays were studied earlier in [9][12][13], where additional information about sample characterization can be found. Figure 1a,b shows the layout of “sample-1”. It has been fabricated on a 1 × 1 cm2 silicon
Double-layer symmetric gratings with bound states in the continuum for dual-band high-Q optical sensing
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1408–1417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.116
- structure can be fabricated as follows [56]. At first, the gratings of the bottom layer are fabricated using electron beam lithography (EBL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) on a SOI chip with a single crystalline silicon device layer and a buried oxide (BOX), where this SOI chip serves as the receiving
Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109
- applications [62]. A very good micro-/nanoscale hierarchical Bi7O9I3/NTC photocatalyst was created in a one-step, easy, and environmentally friendly way by Hou et al., who used an in situ ion exchange–recrystallization approach [63]. The used buffer provided a relatively stable environment for producing
Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105
- gold-sputtered (S150B, Edwards). The metatarsi were examined using a focused ion beam scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM) tomography (Strata 400 STEM, FEI Company, Oregon, USA) at the Central Facility for Electron Microscopy at the RWTH Aachen University. Measurements were performed using the
Role of titanium and organic precursors in molecular layer deposition of “titanicone” hybrid materials
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1240–1255, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.103
- Li ion batteries or pseudocapacitance supercapacitors [31]. These films were also employed as coatings of nano Si electrodes and successfully improved their performance [48]. As described above, different titanicone and Ti–organic MLD processes have been developed and although first principles
Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102
- using various dry/wet etching techniques including electrochemical HF etching, stain etching, metal-assisted etching, and reactive ion etching [9][11]. So-called “nanograss” or “black silicon” is a surface modification of silicon where the surface is covered with millions of tiny needle-like structures
Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100
- rims. The key to the chiral recognition by CDs is the formation of diastereomeric host–guest complexes based on different interaction affinities. The complexation may occur via inclusion of the guest chiral molecule into the cavity of CDs by π–π interactions, dipole–dipole, ion-pairing, hydrogen
Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99
- resistance and surface potential, directly contribute to the flow potential. At the same time, the parameters of the fluid in the nanochannel, such as dielectric constant and ion concentration, are directly related to the magnitude of the flow potential. In the nanochannel, the flow velocity ν of the fluid
- Wang et al. also provides a valuable explanation and deeper understanding of solid–liquid interactions. Compared to the traditional model, Wang’s model suggests that electron transfer between liquid molecules and solid surface atoms is the initial step and is followed by ion transfer due to electronic
- interaction. The actual charge transfer is much more complicated, involving the contact angle, dielectric function, temperature, and ion concentration [15][16][17]. In MEGs, compared to bulk materials, nanoarchitectonics yields a higher specific surface area to the active material, which makes the contact
Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98
- photoresistant layer. The wafer is then etched. A distinction can be made between wet and dry etching. The wet etching process uses a potassium hydroxide solution, while dry etching includes the physical methods ion milling and sputtering and the chemical method high-pressure plasma [156]. Lithographic
A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95
- in the microscope, customized magnetic feedthrough manipulators with hex-key end-pieces are used. Cryostat and preparation chamber are both pumped with 300 L/s ion pumps, which also include titanium sublimation sources. The load-lock chamber is pumped with a 67 L/s turbo pump. The bath cryostat
Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93
- synthesis of CDs, the effects of surface states on optical properties, the characterization of CDs, metal ion sensing, and biological and agricultural applications of CDs, that is, microbial bioimaging, detection, and viability studies, pathogen control, and plant growth promotion (Figure 1). Review Green
- confirmed the catalytic activity of the product. Adsorption of heavy ions from water samples was investigated to find the activity on the surface of the product, and it was found that the mentioned CDs can remove Cd2+ ions by 37% and Pb2+ ion by 75% from the water sample [111]. Watermelon juice-based N-CDs
Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92
- role in the controlled release of AgNPs at the implanted site and also behave as biocompatible scaffolds. Wang et al. (2019) developed a system containing hydroxyapatite and silver-based composites and electrodeposited those onto titanium implants and chitosan to regulate silver ion and calcium ion
Spindle-like MIL101(Fe) decorated with Bi2O3 nanoparticles for enhanced degradation of chlortetracycline under visible-light irradiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1038–1050, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.91
- efficient photocatalysts for CTC degradation. Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are a kind of micro- or mesoporous materials established by the self-assembly of organic linkers and metal-cluster or metal-ion nodes [19]. The MOF materials possess large surface areas, high pore volume, tunability, uniform
Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87
- to different adhesion coefficients between the surface and hydrocarbons. Results from EDX measurements strongly suggest that metal atoms or ions are capable of moving within carbon–metal nanowires under the influence of EB. High Ag ion mobility under electric fields or EB has also been reported in
- growth rate of the nanostructures, while lowering the focus below the Ag surface had the opposite effect. This observation can be used to support the theory that Ag ion movement occurs due to the electric field around the EB focus. Carbon diffused beneath the Ag surface after EB irradiation. We believe
Influence of water contamination on the sputtering of silicon with low-energy argon ions investigated by molecular dynamics simulations
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 986–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.86
- , Luxembourg Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, 97124, USA 10.3762/bjnano.13.86 Abstract Focused ion beams (FIB) are a common tool in nanotechnology for surface analysis, sample preparation for electron microscopy and atom probe tomography, surface patterning, nanolithography, nanomachining, and
- nanoprinting. For many of these applications, a precise control of ion-beam-induced processes is essential. The effect of contaminations on these processes has not been thoroughly explored but can often be substantial, especially for ultralow impact energies in the sub-keV range. In this paper we investigate
- sputtered largely depends on the incidence angle. This fraction is the largest for incidence angles between 70 and 80° defined with respect to the sample surface. Overall, it changes from 25% to 65%. Keywords: angle dependency; argon ions; contamination; focused ion beams; ion bombardment; low energy
Theoretical investigations of oxygen vacancy effects in nickel-doped zirconia from ab initio XANES spectroscopy at the oxygen K-edge
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.85
- of the zirconia system due to the variation of the number of electrons in the transition metal d orbital states. In this context, an experimental probe sensitive to the oxidation states of the magnetic ion as well as the local environment specific to a probed atom will be vital. Thus, X-ray
Solar-light-driven LaFexNi1−xO3 perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79
- Fenton method exhibits high oxidation capability and low selectivity for removing most organic substances. It can decompose organic pollutants into smaller organic molecules and generate carbon dioxide, water, and inorganic ions [17]. Generally, the ferrous ion employed in the Fenton reaction is from
- ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), which can provide a uniform reaction system due to its high solubility. Unfortunately, it might cause two severe shortcomings in the Fenton reaction process. First, ferric ions (Fe3+) formed in the Fenton reaction will interact with the excess hydroxide ion (OH−) to produce Fe(OH
- reaction; t was the reaction duration in min. As shown in Table 1, for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to decompose MB dye, LaFeO3 had the fastest degradation rate (k = 0.1072 prepared at pH 0; k = 0.0086 prepared at pH 7). It might be due to the higher content of Fe ion for LaFeO3 than LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3
Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72
- 1s orbital of carbon. We attribute these contributions (CO32−, C–C/C–H, and C–O) to contamination from the ambient. As mentioned above, we performed the XPS measurements on these liquid samples without prior Ar+-ion sputtering or further heating inside the vacuum chamber of the XPS instrument. Given
Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70
- B2 samples. This result again supports that employing B2 PMMA yields fewer residues and may help in avoiding post-transfer treatments for advanced PMMA residue cleaning of graphene, such as annealing and ion beam irradiation [32]. The graph of the G band shift (Supporting Information File 1, Figure
- : C4 PMMA; Wafer 2: B2 PMMA). Both wafers started with the patterning of Cr/Au contacts (deposited by magnetron sputtering) using direct-write laser lithography and ion milling. The fabrication of the two wafers followed slightly different steps, as described below. Wafer 1: A stopping layer (Al2O3
- to the surface of the chips. A stopping layer (Cu/AlSiCu/TiW) for the reactive ion etching (RIE) process was sputtered, and the SiO2/SiNx multistack passivation layer was deposited by CVD. The passivation layer was patterned by lithography and etched by RIE until revealing the stopping layer on the
Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67
- to form monocrystalline coordination polymers embedding a fast electron transfer route [110]. The mixed ion-electron of Prussian blue crystals could be significantly enhanced under low temperature (i.e., −20 °C), which is important for the use of batteries in cold regions. To encapsulate conductive
- the bottom of the reactor. Through this strategy, various networks with different compositions could be encapsulated into monocrystalline coordination polymers (Figure 4) [111]. The rate performance and cycling stability of sodium ion batteries, potassium ion batteries, and seawater batteries were
- increased by using these materials as positive electrodes. The networks can also help to accelerate ion transfer in coordination polymers. When the Prussian blue nanocrystals contain a double-network PAAm/PAMPS hydrogel, the uptake of Cs+ ions from solution could be as high as 397 mg·g−1, which is very
A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65
- spectra of the samples were recorded in the 1000–3500 cm−1 region with a resolution of 1 cm−1 using a Renishaw via a Reflex micro-Raman spectrometer with an argon ion (514.6 nm) laser. The X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) data were obtained from a PHI 5000 Versa probe II scanning XPS microprobe
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