Influence of synthesis conditions on microstructure and phase transformations of annealed Sr₂FeMoO_6−x nanopowders formed by the citrate–gel method

• Marta Yarmolich,
• Nikolai Kalanda,
• Sergey Demyanov,
• Herman Terryn,
• Jon Ustarroz,
• Maksim Silibin and
• Gennadii Gorokh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1202–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.111

• nm and a superstructural ordering of iron and molybdenum cations of 88%. Keywords: magnetic materials; microstructure; nanoparticles; phase transformation; sol–gel preparation; Introduction Due to their unique and extremely important magneto-transport and magnetic properties [1][2], metal oxide

• ]. Hence, the current state-of-the-art does not establish an accurate citrate–gel synthesis procedure to obtain a single-phase Sr2FeMoO6−x nanoscale powder with a high degree of superstructural ordering and with optimal magnetic properties. In this regard, in the present work, we investigate the

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• nanoparticles belong to the group of SPIOs known as MRI CAs [46][47], while the resulting behavior after coupling with MWCNT is determined as an entire, new SPIO–MWCNT hybrid. More thorough studies of SPIO impact on the properties and biocompatibility of hybrids should be encouraged. Magnetic properties The

• magnetic character of MWCNTs originates from residual metal nanoparticles incorporated during the synthesis. It is further altered by intentional introduction of other magnetic species such as SPIO. The magnetic properties are determined by the superconducting quantum interference (SQUID) technique

• for the superparamagnetic properties of nanotube hybrids could be performed with a solid magnet which would attract the material when spread in a powdered form [32][34][38]. This visual effect encourages the exploitation of magnetic properties in synthesis and in therapy. Although they have not yet

Photocurrent generation in carbon nanotube/cubic-phase HfO₂ nanoparticle hybrid nanocomposites

• Protima Rauwel,
• Augustinas Galeckas,
• Martin Salumaa,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Erwan Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1075–1085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.101

• hybrid system can be used as a flexible nanodevice for light harvesting applications. Keywords: carbon nanotubes; HfO2; nanoparticles; photocurrent; Introduction Nanoparticles (NPs) have emerged as promising candidates for many applications due to their unique electronic, optical and magnetic

• properties compared to their bulk counterparts. During the last decade, composite materials have spurred large interest, and with the rise of nanotechnology, the development of new nanocomposite materials promoting new properties has taken a step forward. These nanocomposite materials will be the key

Customized MFM probes with high lateral resolution

• Óscar Iglesias-Freire,
• Miriam Jaafar,
• Eider Berganza and
• Agustina Asenjo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1068–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.100

• MFM data correspond to the shift in the resonance frequency of the cantilever recorded during the retrace scan (withdrawing the sample by 10–20 nm from the topographic set point distance) by using a phase locked-loop (PLL) feedback. The topography and the magnetic properties of the reference Co/Si

Signal enhancement in cantilever magnetometry based on a co-resonantly coupled sensor

• Julia Körner,
• Christopher F. Reiche,
• Thomas Gemming,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Gerald Gerlach and
• Thomas Mühl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1033–1043, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.96

• fabrication of such a sensor and then evaluate a magnetometry measurement and derive magnetic properties of an iron nanowire in order to prove the applicability of the concept and to indicate its potential for signal enhancement in magnetometry. Experimental Co-resonant concept By applying the harmonic

• nanotube. The FeCNT acted simultaneously as nanocantilever and magnetic sample and, since the magnetic properties of similar FeCNTs had already been studied, allowed for demonstrating the functionality of the sensor setup. The evaluation of the measurements shows that, once calibrated by determining the

• effective spring constant, the sensor can be used to derive magnetic properties of nanometer-sized samples and significantly increases the signal strength by several orders of magnitude compared to conventional single-cantilever magnetometry experiments. A further increase is possible by tailoring the

Phenalenyl-based mononuclear dysprosium complexes

• Yanhua Lan,
• Andrea Magri,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.92

• , paramagnetic 1H NMR, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, UV–vis spectrophotometry and magnetic measurements. Both static (dc) and dynamic (ac) magnetic properties of these complexes have been investigated, showing slow relaxation of magnetization, indicative of single molecule magnet (SMM) behavior. Attempts to

• the magnetic properties of the molecules on the surface of or close to conducting electrodes. So far, depositing and addressing individual molecules of SMMs on surfaces [2] was explored only for very few complexes such as TbPc2, Fe4 and Mn12. With the successful experience in utilizing TbPc2 [6], our

• interesting magnetic properties. In this regard, the 9-hydroxy-1H-phenalen-1-one (HPLN) ligand has previously been utilized for the preparation of mononuclear lanthanide complexes [23][24] to study the near-infrared luminescence upon excitation with visible light. However, this work, carried out by our group

Synthesis of cobalt nanowires in aqueous solution under an external magnetic field

• Xiaoyu Li,
• Lijuan Sun,
• Hu Wang,
• Kenan Xie,
• Qin Long,
• Xuefei Lai and
• Li Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 990–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.91

• . Keywords: aqueous solution; cobalt nanowires; external magnetic field; magnetic properties; surfactant; Findings In recent years, cobalt nanowires, as a ferromagnetic material, have attracted considerable attention due to their outstanding magnetic properties and excellent performance in applications in

• ) with an incremental step size of 4°/min, the generator voltage of 40 kV and tube current of 40 mA, and selected area electron diffraction (SAED, FEI Tecnai-G20). The magnetic properties, such as saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity (Hc), were studied by a magnetic property measurement system

Thickness dependence of the triplet spin-valve effect in superconductor–ferromagnet–ferromagnet heterostructures

• Daniel Lenk,
• Vladimir I. Zdravkov,
• Jan-Michael Kehrle,
• Günter Obermeier,
• Aladin Ullrich,
• Roman Morari,
• Hans-Albrecht Krug von Nidda,
• Claus Müller,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Siegfried Horn,
• Rafael G. Deminov,
• Lenar R. Tagirov and
• Reinhard Tidecks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 957–969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.88

• curves measured by SQUID magnetometry at T = 10 K, where the sample is normal conducting, yield ms values resulting in mat = 0.074μB, 0.080μB, and 0.127μB. Investigations of the magnetic properties of thin films of Co (deposited on W) [68] and Cu40Ni60 (deposited as Cu40Ni60/Cu multilayers) [53], show

Magnetic switching of nanoscale antidot lattices

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Joachim Gräfe,
• Kristof M. Lebecki,
• Maxim Skripnik,
• Felix Haering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Eberhard Goering and
• Ulrich Nowak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 733–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.65

• – into thin films. Such antidots act as an inner surface of the materials leading to strong variations of optical [1][2], electrical [3][4], superconducting [5][6], or magnetic properties [7]. Nowadays, top-down approaches like e-beam lithography [8][9] or focused ion beam milling (FIB) [10] and bottom

• magnetic properties of in-plane magnetized antidot films. Integral magnetometry averaging over all in-plane angles of the antidots with respect to the external field proves that the system is highly dominated by the local shape anisotropy introduced by the hole sites. We identify two distinct switching

• of the static and dynamic properties of nanoscale magnets. Thanks to the increasing computational power, nowadays such simulations can predict the magnetic properties of samples with confined geometries and by mimicking the sample shape, the results can often be directly compared to the experiments

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• , Fe, Cr, V) considerably increases the capabilities of applying that material in electronics, spintronics and optoelectronics [14][15][16]. Papers related to the magnetic properties of Mn2+-doped ZnO focus on the impact of homogeneity, phase purity and dopant content on the properties [17][18]. In the

• obtaining, Zn1−xMnxO may display either ferromagnetic [31] or paramagnetic properties [32]. Various pieces of literature reporting magnetic properties of Zn1−xMnxO NPs result from the impact of the synthesis method on: the heterogeneous distribution of Mn2+ ions in the ZnO crystalline lattice (e.g

• with MnxOy such as ZnMnO3 and ZnMn2O4 were precipitated in the material. The obtained Zn1−xMnxO materials were characterised by either ferromagnetic or paramagnetic properties depending on the presence of foreign phases [33][36][38][39]. This results from different magnetic properties of MnxOy and

Orientation of FePt nanoparticles on top of a-SiO₂/Si(001), MgO(001) and sapphire(0001): effect of thermal treatments and influence of substrate and particle size

• Martin Schilling,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Zaoli Zhang,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 591–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.52

• desired L10 phase by an additional annealing step. Accompanying this structural transformation, one observes highly anisotropic magnetic properties leading to, e.g., huge coercive fields in the Tesla range [4][8][9][10][11]. While ultrathin FePt films usually exhibit large magnetic domains, the use of

Hemolysin coregulated protein 1 as a molecular gluing unit for the assembly of nanoparticle hybrid structures

• Tuan Anh Pham,
• Andreas Schreiber,
• Elena V. Sturm (née Rosseeva),
• Stefan Schiller and
• Helmut Cölfen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 351–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.32

• variation of the protein and DNA sequence and the implementation of functional moieties provide a great platform to create inorganic structures of different morphology, resulting in different optical and magnetic properties. Nevertheless, the design and modification of a protein structure with functional

Single-molecule magnet behavior in 2,2’-bipyrimidine-bridged dilanthanide complexes

• Wen Yu,
• Frank Schramm,
• Eufemio Moreno Pineda,
• Yanhua Lan,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Jinjie Chen,
• Hironari Isshiki,
• Wolfgang Wernsdorfer,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 126–137, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.15

• ), 2; Dy(III), 3; Ho(III), 4 and Er(III), 5) has been synthesized and characterized. Sublimation of [Tb(tmhd)3]2bpm onto a Au(111) surface leads to the formation of a homogeneous film with hexagonal pattern, which was studied by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The bulk magnetic properties of all

• ligand that provides a communication pathway between the lanthanide ions. The 2,2’-bipyrimidine (bpm) ligand has been selected for many transition metal complexes to bridge metal ions and it acts as a connector to influence emission and magnetic properties [18][19][20][21]. An adsorption-site-dependent

• qugates. Dinuclear lanthanide complexes with bpm as the bridge were reported before, but only a few studies describe their magnetic properties [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. In this work we report the synthesis, characterization and single-crystal structure determination of five examples of homo

Sub-monolayer film growth of a volatile lanthanide complex on metallic surfaces

• Hironari Isshiki,
• Jinjie Chen,
• Kevin Edelmann and
• Wulf Wulfhekel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2412–2416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.248

• metal-organic molecules with magnetic-ion cores exhibit long spin-relaxation times for the reversal of the localized magnetic moment at low temperatures. These molecules are called single-molecule magnets (SMMs), because the magnetic properties are attributed to the individual single molecules as a

• devices based on single molecules. The investigation of individual molecules is crucial to understand the physics of SMMs. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is one of few methods that can reveal the magnetic properties on the level of single molecules. The magnetic properties of single ions and single

• molecules of transition metals have been widely investigated with STM [3][4][5][6]. However, there are few studies on lanthanide-based SMMs with low-temperature STM [7][8] despite the variety of reports of their peculiar magnetic properties. One plausible reason is the difficulty in transferring them onto

High I_on/I_off current ratio graphene field effect transistor: the role of line defect

• Mohammad Hadi Tajarrod and
• Hassan Rasooli Saghai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2062–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.210

• that spin polarization and carrier transport in zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNR) were mainly dependent on the position of the line defect [14]. In addition, Hu et al. investigated the electrical and magnetic properties of zigzag edge graphene under external strain. They found that the local magnetic

Paramagnetism of cobalt-doped ZnO nanoparticles obtained by microwave solvothermal synthesis

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka,
• Witold Lojkowski,
• Wojciech Knoff,
• Malgorzata I. Lukasiewicz,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin T. Klepka,
• Tomasz Story and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1957–1969, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.200

• , likely related to the precipitation of metallic Co in nanoparticles. Keywords: cobalt-doped zinc oxide; ferromagnetism; magnetic properties; microwave solvothermal synthesis (MSS); paramagnetism; Introduction Nanomaterials have drawn the attention of researchers from all over the world due to their new

• , interesting perspectives in many application areas [1][2][3]. The most challenging issue nowadays is how to produce such advanced nanocrystals with well-defined and reproducible electronic, optoelectronic and magnetic properties at low cost. In the present work we investigate zinc oxide (ZnO), which is an

• observed. This observation is in line with the magnetic investigations of the produced nanopowders. Magnetic investigations of Zn1−xCoxO The results of the magnetic properties of the as-synthesized NPs are presented herein. For the as-synthesized samples, a typical paramagnetic response is observed. We did

Magnetic reversal dynamics of a quantum system on a picosecond timescale

• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Alexey V. Kuznetsov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy and
• Olga V. Tikhonova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1946–1956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.199

• external influence H(t) and evidently depends on the magnetic properties of the system, specifically on the value of μ12. In this work we consider two different limits of the examined quantum system, the atomic-based system and the macroscopic superconducting qubit with an extremely large characteristic

Focused particle beam-induced processing

• Michael Huth and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1883–1885, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.191

• nanoscale. However, in contrast with large-scale 3D printing of plastic or metallic structures, FPBID provides nanomaterials with a wealth of interesting electronic, optical and magnetic properties. Due to this, focused electron beam-induced deposition (FEBID) has experienced a rapid expansion in the

• nanowires [7]. In the article by Oleksandr Dobrovolskiy and colleagues [8], different postgrowth purification treatments for platinum and cobalt FEBID structures are employed to fine-tune the magnetic properties of heterostructures. A novel application of electron beam-induced deposition of amorphous carbon

A facile method for the preparation of bifunctional Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe₃O₄ magnetic and fluorescent nanocrystals

• Houcine Labiadh,
• Tahar Ben Chaabane,
• Romain Sibille,
• Lavinia Balan and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1743–1751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.178

• density on the surface of Mn:ZnS/ZnS QDs. Magnetic properties of Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 nanocrystals The magnetization curves, M versus μ0H, of Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 nanocrystals at 300 K and 2 K are shown in Figure 6. At 300 K, a strong paramagnetic signal was observed for the Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 samples (1.5), (2

• /shell/shell Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe3O4 nanocrystals possessing both fluorescent and magnetic properties. Our results showed that increasing the thickness of the iron oxide shell around the Mn:ZnS/ZnS QDs improved the magnetic properties of the heterostructured nanomaterials but negatively affected their

• → 6A1 Mn2+ transition. The PL quantum yield (QY) and the remnant magnetization can be regulated by varying the thickness of the magnetic shell. The results showed that an increase in the thickness of the Fe3O4 magnetite layer around the Mn:ZnS/ZnS core reduced the PL QY but improved the magnetic

Radiation losses in the microwave K_u band in magneto-electric nanocomposites

• Talwinder Kaur,
• Sachin Kumar,
• Jyoti Sharma and
• A. K. Srivastava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1700–1707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.173

• magnetometer. It is found that the maximum loss occurs at 17.9 GHz (−23.10 dB, 99% loss) which is due to the composition of a conducting polymer and a suitable magnetic material. A significant role of polyaniline has been observed in ESR. The influence of the magnetic properties on the radiation losses is

• interesting material with variable properties and a large anisotropy field having a magnetic resonance in the range of 2–52 GHz. Also, at the nano-scale, its optical properties [19], magnetic properties [20][21], piezo-electric properties [22], photocatalytic properties [23], gas-sensing properties [24

• paper, we have used the versatile citrate precursor method to synthesize La–Co-substituted barium hexaferrite. Lanthanum and cobalt are used as substituents to enhance the magnetic properties of barium hexaferrite and then emulsion polymerization is employed for the synthesis of nanocomposites. The

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• /Fe3O4 and Au/TMC/Fe3O4 nanoparticles was 20.77 and 56.13 emu/g, respectively. While all synthesized nanoparticles exhibited good magnetic properties, even in the presence of polymers and Au nanoparticles, the addition of a diamagnetic layer of chitosan caused a more significant reduction in the magnetic

• [35]. Given that the applications of such nanoparticles are based on their sufficient magnetic properties, the use of TMC (with better magnetic properties as compared to the classical chitosan system) is recommended, especially in biomedical applications. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) During the

Structural and magnetic properties of iron nanowires and iron nanoparticles fabricated through a reduction reaction

• Marcin Krajewski,
• Wei Syuan Lin,
• Hong Ming Lin,
• Katarzyna Brzozka,
• Sabina Lewinska,
• Natalia Nedelko,
• Anna Slawska-Waniewska,
• Jolanta Borysiuk and
• Dariusz Wasik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1652–1660, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.167

• 10.3762/bjnano.6.167 Abstract The main goal of this work is to study the structural and magnetic properties of iron nanowires and iron nanoparticles, which have been fabricated in almost the same processes. The only difference in the synthesis is an application of an external magnetic field in order to

• nanoparticles reveal core–shell structures and they are composed of crystalline iron cores that are covered by amorphous or highly defected phases of iron and iron oxides. Magnetic properties have been measured using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The obtained values of coercivity, remanent magnetization

• nanowires; magnetic properties; structural properties; Introduction Iron-based nanostructures attract the attention of a vast amount of scientists from all over the world. Somehow, this is related to the properties and abundance of iron in the environment. Adding that iron nanomaterials are relatively

Molecular materials – towards quantum properties

• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1485–1486, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.153

• coupling between molecular qubits as required by scalability for logical quantum gate operations. We have gathered in the Thematic Series contributions dealing with the magnetic properties of molecules, partially under use of lanthanide metal ions und their coordination under surface confinement. By the

Thermal treatment of magnetite nanoparticles

• Beata Kalska-Szostko,
• Urszula Wykowska,
• Dariusz Satula and
• Per Nordblad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1385–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.143

• one of the most investigated materials due to its unusual magnetic properties. In addition, it is recognized as an inert compound that is almost entirely nontoxic to living organisms [1]. Apart from that, iron and its oxides on the nanometer scale can possess superparamagnetic properties, allowing for

• in various magnetic properties, and therefore, application potential. It has been observed that even at the synthesis level, due to the oxidation process, a structural transformation can be expected. This brings about new features of the magnetic properties which can be applied [8]. In addition

• size. The variations between magnetite, maghemite and hematite can lead to the fabrication of particles with desired and well-defined magnetic properties. It is shown that the magnetic state can be tuned after the fabrication process by post-treatment, which is in a good agreement previous studies. The

Influence of the shape and surface oxidation in the magnetization reversal of thin iron nanowires grown by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Lorenz Deen,
• Rosa Córdoba,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• Bert Koopmans and
• José M. De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1319–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.136

• nanowires due to the modification of the magnetic properties of a substantial part of the nanowire. Assuming that this oxidized layer is paramagnetic at room temperature (as the Fe/O 1:1 stoichiometry suggests), this surface layer will lose its ferromagnetic behavior. According to the simulations shown in