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Search for "mechanical" in Full Text gives 1059 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

  • Patrick Weiser,
  • Robin Kietz,
  • Marc Schneider,
  • Matthias Worgull and
  • Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

Graphical Abstract
  • mechanical stability of nanofur during hot pulling is sufficient, and the sacrificial layer is not needed. Future research might show how other polymers, especially biodegradable ones, can be hot-pulled in a R2R process. Furthermore, it might be possible to produce thin nanofur without sacrificial layer
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Published 31 Oct 2022

A super-oscillatory step-zoom metalens for visible light

  • Yi Zhou,
  • Chao Yan,
  • Peng Tian,
  • Zhu Li,
  • Yu He,
  • Bin Fan,
  • Zhiyong Wang,
  • Yao Deng and
  • Dongliang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.101

Graphical Abstract
  • , China Sichuan Jiuzhou Electric Group Co., Ltd, Mianyang 621000, China School of Mechanical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610065, China State Key Laboratory of Optical Technologies for Micro-fabrication, Institute of Optics and Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu
  • -layer step-zoom metalens can be switched between two different focal lengths by controlling the handedness of the incident circularly polarized light. It is superior to the traditional zoom lens since there is no mechanical movement and the image plane of the double-layer step-zoom metalens keeps
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Published 28 Oct 2022

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

  • Jia-Cheng Feng and
  • Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

Graphical Abstract
  • nanoarchitectonics concept in functional devices has been a hot research topic in recent years, and nanoarchitectonics has a significant impact on the improvement of mechanical structural strength, electrical conductivity, and optoelectronic properties [1][2][3]. The high porosity of nanostructured materials has a
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Published 25 Oct 2022

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

  • Piotr Gadziński,
  • Anna Froelich,
  • Monika Wojtyłko,
  • Antoni Białek,
  • Julia Krysztofiak and
  • Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

Graphical Abstract
  • deliver the full amount of the drug is usually a few minutes; therefore, these microneedles are frequently designed to separate from the pedestal and remain in the tissue [114]. Among the most important disadvantages of dissolving microneedles, a low mechanical strength resulting in difficulties with
  • fluconazole, a widely known antifungal agent, employed in this formulation for potential keratitis treatment. As justification for the use of PLA, the authors indicated poor mechanical properties of HA and the associated risk of needle deformation during production and application. PLA served both as a
  • . Multiple parameters were evaluated, namely the physical and mechanical properties, ocular permeation, FS remaining in ocular tissue, dissolution time, insertion force, insertion depth, and ex vivo ocular drug delivery. The permeation studies on porcine eyeballs showed that, after application of the MN
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Published 24 Oct 2022

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

  • Hao Liu,
  • Zuned Ahmed,
  • Sasa Vranjkovic,
  • Manfred Parschau,
  • Andrada-Oana Mandru and
  • Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

Graphical Abstract
  • conditions are performed with tuning fork-based AFM, the vast majority of the AFM works performed under ambient conditions rely on microfabricated cantilevers that detect based on various mechanical properties and tips. Microfabricated cantilevers can be optimized for different AFM applications and
  • is achieved through electrical connections between the microscope and the connectors on the cryostat bottom plate together with gold-coated Cu braids that connect the Cu cone to the cryostat bottom but keep a high mechanical flexibility (Figure 2b). Note that for the electrical connections between
  • pulley system that locks in at the microscope bottom such that a mechanical contact between the Cu cone and the cone-shaped part of the LHe microscope shield is achieved. To obtain access to the microscope, the LN2 shield can be rotated such that it connects to the inner LHe shield to open up an access
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Published 11 Oct 2022

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

  • Se-Kwon Kim,
  • Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
  • Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
  • Sebanti Gupta,
  • Sukumaran Anil,
  • Gi Hun Seong and
  • Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

Graphical Abstract
  • phosphatase, bone morphogenic protein, runt-related transcription factor-2, bone sialoprotein, and osteocalcin. In vitro and in vivo studies highlight the scientific findings of antibacterial activity, tissue integration, stiffness, mechanical strength, and degradation behaviour of composite materials for
  • combination of materials, growth factors, and cells [4]. Both natural and synthetic materials have been extensively studied for bone graft substitutes [5][6]. Natural biomaterials often are biocompatible, biodegradable, and less toxic to cells, whereas synthetic biomaterials have excellent mechanical strength
  • . The rough surface of the materials at the nanoscale helps cellular peptide adhesion for better stem cell growth and differentiation [12][13]. Nanomaterials have several advantages such as high surface area, increased mechanical strength, and induction of several important genes for bone tissue repair
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Published 29 Sep 2022

Effects of focused electron beam irradiation parameters on direct nanostructure formation on Ag surfaces

  • Jānis Sniķeris,
  • Vjačeslavs Gerbreders,
  • Andrejs Bulanovs and
  • Ēriks Sļedevskis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1004–1010, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.87

Graphical Abstract
  • surfaces undergoing irradiation by a focused electron beam. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; electron beam; lithography; nanostructure; silver; sputtering; surface; Introduction Metallic nanostructures have various uses, including in nano-electro-mechanical systems [1], plasmonic biosensors [2], and
  • nanostructures could be controlled and modified in a beneficial way. This, however, would require further research on the various properties (electric, magnetic, optical, and mechanical) of nanostructures obtained through irradiation by a focused EB on metal surfaces. Conclusion In this work we explored how
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Published 22 Sep 2022

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

  • Leonie Saccardi,
  • Franz Brümmer,
  • Jonas Schiebl,
  • Oliver Schwarz,
  • Alexander Kovalev and
  • Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

Graphical Abstract
  • substances. Similar to tree resins, which contaminate the surfaces of processing tools, propolis also adheres well to different types of surfaces [1]. Bees use propolis as a building material, for example to seal cracks and smooth out the internal walls of the hive [2][3]. In addition to its mechanical
  • experiments. (A) Experimental set-up for adhesion testing with the Basalt-01 mechanical tester (Tetra GmbH). (B) Propolis contact in the presence of fluid (mineral oil) and without fluid. (C) Schematic of a bee mandible. Adhesion measurements were conducted along the arrow, the circle represents the size of
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Published 14 Sep 2022

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

  • Miriam Anna Huth,
  • Axel Huth,
  • Lukas Schreiber and
  • Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

Graphical Abstract
  • functions (Figure 1). Among other things, it protects against herbivores and pathogens, provides mechanical stability, reflects harmful UV radiation [2][3][4][5][6], and mainly protects the plant from desiccation [7][8]. The cuticular waxes contribute significantly to this barrier function. Plant waxes
  • cell development, (4) resistance to mechanical stress, (5) control of water loss, (6) control of solute uptake, (7) protection from hazardous radiation, (8) reduction of spore, bacterial, and viral attachment, (9) self-cleaning ability (modified after [9]). Schematic drawing of the device for wax
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Published 13 Sep 2022

Comparing the performance of single and multifrequency Kelvin probe force microscopy techniques in air and water

  • Jason I. Kilpatrick,
  • Emrullah Kargin and
  • Brian J. Rodriguez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 922–943, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.82

Graphical Abstract
  • forces in KPFM is generally expressed as the minimum detectable CPD [53], and is directly limited by the geometry of the interaction, thermal noise of the cantilever, and the detection noise limits of the AFM [36][54]. Cantilevers have a number of eigenmodes, ωn, where there is a mechanical enhancement
  • ]. The regulation of tip–sample distance in KPFM imaging is generally performed by employing a feedback loop that maintains the mechanical oscillation amplitude of the cantilever at the fundamental eigenmode, ω1, at a fixed value. This precludes simultaneous measurement of electrostatic forces on this
  • eigenmode (the SNR is highest on ω1). As such, strategies for achieving high SNRs generally focus on three areas: (1) Lift mode – here the surface under investigation is mapped in two passes, the first pass with only a mechanical excitation applied at ω1 and the second pass with only the electrical
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Published 12 Sep 2022

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

  • Hendrik Bargel,
  • Vanessa T. Trossmann,
  • Christoph Sommer and
  • Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

Graphical Abstract
  • , natural biological adhesives are complex materials that have evolved to meet the various functional demands. Bioadhesion can be found in the range of the micro- to the macroscale [7]. Adhesion principles include contact mechanical principles such as capillary interactions, viscous forces, non-covalent
  • junctions, which are critical for electrical and mechanical coupling between adjacent cardiomyocytes [9]. The immunoglobulin superfamily is one of the largest and most diverse protein families. They are characterized by the presence of at least one immunoglobulin or immunoglobulin-like domain. Most members
  • environment are surrounded by a unique, complex ECM consisting of a variety of molecules and proteins showing a diversity of assembled morphologies, structures and folding states, which are essential for their assigned functions. Besides structural and mechanical support, the present proteins are direct
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Published 08 Sep 2022

Micro-structures, nanomechanical properties and flight performance of three beetles with different folding ratios

  • Jiyu Sun,
  • Pengpeng Li,
  • Yongwei Yan,
  • Fa Song,
  • Nuo Xu and
  • Zhijun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 845–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.75

Graphical Abstract
  • Jiyu Sun Pengpeng Li Yongwei Yan Fa Song Nuo Xu Zhijun Zhang Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education, China), Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, P.R. China Key Laboratory of CNC Equipment Reliability (Ministry of Education) and School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
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Published 26 Aug 2022

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

  • Yujin Han,
  • Pierre-Marie Thebault,
  • Corentin Audes,
  • Xuelin Wang,
  • Haiwoong Park,
  • Jian-Zhong Jiang and
  • Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

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  • . The authors compared different modifications of the Hertzian contact mechanical model for elastic solids to account for adhesion. The authors found that the measured adhesion significantly depends on the maximum load applied before retraction. In the case of a plastic contact, adhesion was larger than
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Published 23 Aug 2022

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

  • Chun-Da Liao,
  • Andrea Capasso,
  • Tiago Queirós,
  • Telma Domingues,
  • Fatima Cerqueira,
  • Nicoleta Nicoara,
  • Jérôme Borme,
  • Paulo Freitas and
  • Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

Graphical Abstract
  • average molecular weight (AMW) and weight concentration in anisole, to be deposited by spin coating. Optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy showed that the amount of PMMA residues on transferred graphene is proportional to the AMW and concentration in the solvent. At the same time, the mechanical
  • strength of the PMMA layer is proportional to the AMW. These tests served to design an optimized PMMA solution made of a mixture of 550,000 (550k) and 15,000 (15k) AMW PMMA in anisole at 3% concentration. In this design, PMMA-550k provided suitable mechanical strength against breakage during the transfer
  • as a supporting layer to (i) retain the integrity of graphene during the wet-etching bath required to dissolve the metallic substrate and (ii) provide mechanical stability when transferring graphene to the target substrates. During this process, two primary external sources of contamination need to
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Published 18 Aug 2022

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP15 nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

  • Zhaoxuan Huang,
  • Zhikang Jiang,
  • Nan Tian,
  • Disheng Yao,
  • Fei Long,
  • Yanhan Yang and
  • Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

Graphical Abstract
  • weak interaction between these chains [3][4]. Therefore, those 1D materials have defect-free surfaces, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility. For example, TiS3 nanowires obtained by mechanical stripping have a large carrier mobility of about 10000 cm2·V−1·s−1 [5][6][7]. Fibrous phosphorus is also a new
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Published 17 Aug 2022

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

  • Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
  • Daniel Schorr,
  • Julia K. Metz,
  • Metin Yildirim,
  • Saeed Ahmad Khan and
  • Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

Graphical Abstract
  • revealed the influence of loading a macromolecular model drug (FITC-dextran) on the mechanical properties, which decreased with raising amounts of loaded drug. Loaded particles were significantly softer, with Young’s moduli between 1.06 and 5.79 MPa for the same crosslinking time, than the blank GNPs. In
  • contrast to this, lysozyme as a crosslinkable macromolecule did not influence the mechanical properties. A good in vitro cell compatibility was found investigating blank GNPs and FITC-dextran-loaded GNPs in viability assays with the cancer cell line A549 and the human primary cell-derived hAELVi cell line
  • optimal treatment. Therefore, the characteristics of nanoparticles regarding mechanical properties, size, surface charge, surface composition, and degradation and drug release mechanisms must be considered during formulation development [1]. Except for the mechanical properties, the research activities do
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Published 16 Aug 2022

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

  • Lingling Xia,
  • Qinyue Wang and
  • Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

Graphical Abstract
  • networks, which could simultaneously provide mechanical strength and continuous pathways for ions. These networks worked well as solid-state electrolytes in Li-ion batteries. To assemble the coordination polymer particles into a 2D configuration, dip-coating deposition was employed [141]. The evaporation
  • with considerable mechanical strength. For instance, DUT-134(Cu) plates could be assembled into carpets and tubes through face-to-face or edge-to-face alignment [150]. The carpets and tubes showed excellent performance as air filter. The uptake of H2S by the carpets is 6–7 times higher than that of
  • steric effects. Confined environments offer geometrical confinement and local flow with shear forces, which were particularly effective for generating laminar stacking structures. The packed coordination polymers showed unique mechanical properties and performed excellent in batteries and pollutant
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Published 12 Aug 2022

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

  • Sarani Sen,
  • Anurag Roy,
  • Ambarish Sanyal and
  • Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

Graphical Abstract
  • , enhanced electron transport facility, excellent mechanical, thermal, and electrical stability [11][25][26][27]. The electronic structure and surface physicochemistry of graphene are beneficial for electron transfer. Several graphene-based nanocomposites based on complex synthesis processes are reported as
  • showed thermal and mechanical stability, ERGO/GCE could be a suitable electrode material for rapid screening of PT in actual samples. To determine the storage stability, the electrocatalytic response of 10 μM PT was monitored in seven-day intervals for the first two months, and it retained about 96.17
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Published 28 Jul 2022

Modeling a multiple-chain emeraldine gas sensor for NH3 and NO2 detection

  • Hana Sustkova and
  • Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64

Graphical Abstract
  • molecular properties of polyaniline have been studied by quantum mechanical means in [4][8]. The band structure was calculated by Reis et al. [9], together with transmittance, electrical current flow, and charge density. For these calculations, density functional theory (DFT, [10]) based on the generalized
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Published 26 Jul 2022

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

  • Marina V. Bastrakova,
  • Dmitrii S. Pashin,
  • Dmitriy A. Rybin,
  • Andrey E. Schegolev,
  • Nikolay V. Klenov,
  • Igor I. Soloviev,
  • Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
  • Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

Graphical Abstract
  • affect the neuron ability to non-linearly transform the magnetic signal. In order to describe the quantum mechanical behavior of the system (Equation 1), we start from the case of a Josephson junction with a large shunted resistance (ωc−1→0). In this case, Equation 1 can be interpreted as the equation of
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Published 14 Jul 2022

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

  • Hue Thi Nguyen,
  • Tuyet Nhung Pham,
  • Anh-Tuan Le,
  • Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
  • Tran Quang Huy and
  • Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

Graphical Abstract
  • ], glycerol, a safe substance in pharmaceutical applications, was used to dissolve BBR in this study. Sonication provided mechanical energy to improve the dispersion of the nanosized BBR crystals. Homogeneous BBR NPs were produced with a size of 156 nm under a certain sonication conditions. The solubility of
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Published 11 Jul 2022

Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

  • Vahid Ebrahiminejad,
  • Zahra Faraji Rad,
  • Philip D. Prewett and
  • Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 629–640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.55

Graphical Abstract
  • Vahid Ebrahiminejad Zahra Faraji Rad Philip D. Prewett Graham J. Davies School of Engineering, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield Central, QLD 4300, Australia Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom Oxacus Ltd., Dorchester-on
  • fabrication of MNs. The low manufacturing cost and desirable mechanical properties of medical-grade thermoplastics such as COPs make them a particularly attractive choice of materials [15][16]. MN thermoplastic replicas are readily fabricated using injection molding or hot embossing [17]. However, process
  • required depth [18]. There should be no MN-induced skin contamination, for example, due to breakage of the tips, and zero toxicity demands medical-grade materials. Evaluation of MN mechanical strength requires an investigation of MN insertion characteristics and possible failure scenarios. During the
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Published 08 Jul 2022

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

  • Adil Loya,
  • Antash Najib,
  • Fahad Aziz,
  • Asif Khan,
  • Guogang Ren and
  • Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

Graphical Abstract
  • Adil Loya Antash Najib Fahad Aziz Asif Khan Guogang Ren Kun Luo National University of Sciences and Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, H-12, Islamabad, Pakistan Karachi Institute of Economics and Technology, Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Karachi, Pakistan Aeroprecinyx
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Published 07 Jul 2022

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

  • Xiaoqiong Tang,
  • Yan Zhang,
  • Jiangbing Mao,
  • Yuhua Wang,
  • Zhenghong Zhang,
  • Zhengchao Wang and
  • Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

Graphical Abstract
  • unclear how mechanical properties regulate the cellular response to the environmental matrix. In this study, atomic force microscopy (AFM) and laser confocal imaging were used to qualitatively evaluate the relationship between substrate stiffness and migration of prostate cancer (PCa) cells. Cells
  • mechanical properties may be correlated with the migration of PCa cells. After actin depolymerisation, the elasticity of the PCa cells decreased while the viscosity increased, and the migration ability was correspondingly decreased. In conclusion, this study clearly demonstrated the relationship between
  • substrate stiffness and the mechanical properties of cells in prostate tumour metastasis, providing a basis for understanding the changes in the biomechanical properties at a single-cell level. Keywords: actin cytoskeleton; atomic force microscopy; migration; prostate cancer cells; substrate stiffness
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Published 28 Jun 2022

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

  • Sharif Abdelghany,
  • Walhan Alshaer,
  • Yazan Al Thaher,
  • Maram Al Fawares,
  • Amal G. Al-Bakri,
  • Saja Zuriekat and
  • Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

Graphical Abstract
  • activity of ciprofloxacin-loaded polymeric microneedles against S. aureus. Agarose gel, a transparent gelatinous substance composed of a carbohydrate polymer extracted from certain red seaweed, was proposed in recent studies as an in vitro model for the mechanical properties of the human skin [22][23
  • ]. Gelatinous substances can interact with water, which allows one to control various physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of the artificial skin, such as hardness, and surface properties [24]. Therefore, agarose gel was utilized as artificial skin and was subsequently treated with inoculum of
  • solution in the initial step. Microneedle characterization The shape and dimensions of CIP_MN1 and CIP_MN2 arrays were examined using a digital light microscope (Swift SW380B, China). Studying the mechanical strength of the microneedles, heights before compression were first measured. After pressing the
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Published 15 Jun 2022
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