Nanoporous Ge thin film production combining Ge sputtering and dopant implantation

• Jacques Perrin Toinin,
• Alain Portavoce,
• Khalid Hoummada,
• Michaël Texier,
• Maxime Bertoglio,
• Sandrine Bernardini,
• Marco Abbarchi and
• Lee Chow

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 336–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.32

• , porous Si photoluminescence data can be interpreted either with a Q-wire model, or a model between the Q-wire and Q-dot models [2]. Porous Si optoelectronic properties were shown to be mainly determined by the “skeleton size” of the material and not by the pore sizes. However, in some cases, controlling

Tunable white light emission by variation of composition and defects of electrospun Al₂O₃–SiO₂ nanofibers

• Jinyuan Zhou,
• Gengzhi Sun,
• Hao Zhao,
• Xiaojun Pan,
• Zhenxing Zhang,
• Yujun Fu,
• Yanzhe Mao and
• Erqing Xie

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 313–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.29

• crystalline phase and microstructure of the composite nanofibers. Photoluminescence experiments indicated that the resulting white light emission can be tuned by the relative intensity of the individual spectral components, which are related to the individual defects such as: violet-blue emission from O

• materials. Keywords: Al2O3–SiO2; defects; electrospinning; nanofibers; photoluminescence; white light emission; Introduction During the last decade, nanoscale SiO2 has been intensely investigated as a new silicon-based light-emitting material. Its wide photoluminescence (PL) band ranges from the UV to red

• stretching of Si–O–Si or Si–O– defects [29]. Photoluminescence properties We systematically studied the PL properties of the Al2O3–SiO2 composite nanofibers using a 325 nm He–Cd laser. Figure 5a compares the PL spectra of the pure Al2O3, SiO2, and Al4Si6 samples. It is noted here that the fluorescence

The distribution and degradation of radiolabeled superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles and quantum dots in mice

• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Markus Heine,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Stephen G. Hickey,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Jörg Heeren and
• Peter Nielsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 111–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.11

• /CdS/ZnS-Qdots in the liver. Keywords: biodistribution; chromium(III); 51Cr; quantum dots; SPIOs; zinc metabolism; 65Zn; Introduction Quantum dots (Qdots) are semiconductor nanocrystals (2–100 nm in diameter) that combine a strong, size-tunable photoluminescence with robust photostability, which

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• and optical band gap properties was evaluated [91]. Two intense blue emission peaks at ~480 nm and ~365 nm were observed upon encapsulation of BNNTs with Ni. The time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy (TRPL) provided a photoluminescence spectrum with a bi-exponential decay of 280 ps. It was

Bright photoluminescence from ordered arrays of SiGe nanowires grown on Si(111)

• D. J. Lockwood,
• N. L. Rowell,
• A. Benkouider,
• A. Ronda,
• L. Favre and
• I. Berbezier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2498–2504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.259

• in the substrate by focused ion beam patterning for the preferential nucleation and growth of these well-organized NWs. The NWs thus produced have a diameter of 200 nm, a length of 200 nm, and a Ge concentration x = 0.15. Their photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured at low temperatures (from 6

• occurring within the NWs. Keywords: bandgap; germanium; nanowires; near field; silicon; photoluminescence; Introduction Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) are thought of as promising building blocks for opto-electronic devices that exploit their novel electronic band structures generated by two-dimensional (2D

• boxes in ordered arrays, as described above. These samples have NWs that have a nominal Ge concentration of x = 0.15 and that are 200 nm in diameter and 200 nm long, with a morphology similar to the Si NWs shown in Figure 2. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured at low temperatures (from 6 to

Poly(styrene)/oligo(fluorene)-intercalated fluoromica hybrids: synthesis, characterization and self-assembly

• Giuseppe Leone,
• Francesco Galeotti,
• William Porzio,
• Guido Scavia,
• Luisa Barba,
• Gianmichele Arrighetti,
• Giovanni Ricci,
• Chiara Botta and
• Umberto Giovanella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2450–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.254

• with homogeneous distribution of the hybrids exhibit ultraviolet–blue photoluminescence with a significantly enhanced photostability compared to the bare oligo(fluorene)s. Finally, under specific conditions, the polymer hybrid with higher oligo(fluorene) content spontaneously assembles into highly

• of making a composite that is processable from solution. The hybrid material films exhibit ultraviolet-blue photoluminescence with a significantly enhanced photostability with respect to the bare oligo(fluorene), thanks to the intercalation of the dye in between the inorganic layers which inhibits

Proinflammatory and cytotoxic response to nanoparticles in precision-cut lung slices

• Stephanie Hirn,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Matthias Epple,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Markus Rehberg and
• Fritz Krombach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2440–2449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.253

• muscle of living mice [44]. This technique allowed us to record images of Ag-NPs and lung tissue without additional labelling, since Ag-NPs exhibit strong two-photon-induced photoluminescence and enhanced THG signals through surface plasmon resonance [45][46]. As shown by multiphoton microscopy, the Ag

Synthesis of radioactively labelled CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots for in vivo experiments

• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Christoph Bauer,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Denise Bargheer,
• Peter Nielsen,
• Jörg Heeren,
• Stephen G. Hickey and
• Alexander Eychmüller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2383–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.247

• of CdSe/CdS QDs with a radioactive 65ZnS shell using a modified, operator-safe, SILAR procedure is presented. Under UV illumination, no difference in the photoluminescence of the radioactive and non-radioactive CdSe/CdS/ZnS colloidal solutions was observed. Furthermore, a down-scaled synthesis for

• successive ion layer adsorption and reaction method (SILAR) in order to achieve greater chemical stability, an enhancement of the fluorescence QY and a shift in the photoluminescence (PL) wavelength to the therapeutic spectral window [3][6][8]. When developing a synthesis for radioactively labelled QDs, one

Si/Ge intermixing during Ge Stranski–Krastanov growth

• Alain Portavoce,
• Khalid Hoummada,
• Antoine Ronda,
• Dominique Mangelinck and
• Isabelle Berbezier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.246

• characterization techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), as well as photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). Consequently, the control of the Ge island shape and density, as well as the control of Ge

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• by using the successive ion layer adhesion and reaction (SILAR) technique (Figure 2b). Upon the gradual change of the composition in radial direction, a bathochromic shift of the photoluminescence-band was observed due to the reduced confinement (Figure 2a). This goes along with the enhanced quantum

• ]. Moreover, Au nanorods as well as Au@MnO@SiO2 Janus particles were shown to emit strong photoluminescence under two photon excitation used for in vitro imaging (Figure 14) [39][92]. In comparison to conventional microscopy, multi-photon microcopy is superior regarding the reduced fluorescence background

• contribution of the hydration shell in non-polar or aqueous solution. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements showed that the photoluminescence dynamics of Au@MnO@SiO2-Atto495 Janus particles can be described by a bi-exponential decay progress. That is, it consists of two independent exponential decay

Hybrid spin-crossover nanostructures

• Carlos M. Quintero,
• Gautier Félix,
• Iurii Suleimanov,
• José Sánchez Costa,
• Gábor Molnár,
• Lionel Salmon,
• William Nicolazzi and
• Azzedine Bousseksou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2230–2239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.232

• electroluminescence (EL) of the device can be reproducibly switched on/off as a function of temperature due to the thermal spin state switching. Indeed, the light emission of this type of OLED is severely quenched if the [Fe(dpp)2](BF)4 is in its LS form (T < 260 K). After a photoluminescence study of identical films

Data-adaptive image-denoising for detecting and quantifying nanoparticle entry in mucosal tissues through intravital 2-photon microscopy

• Torsten Bölke,
• Lisa Krapf,
• Regina Orzekowsky-Schroeder,
• Tobias Vossmeyer,
• Jelena Dimitrijevic,
• Horst Weller,
• Anna Schüth,
• Antje Klinger,
• Gereon Hüttmann and
• Andreas Gebert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2016–2025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.210

• a hydrodynamic diameter of ca. 25 nm, as determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The spectral position of the excitonic emission band was located at ca. 585 nm (FWHM: ca. 32 nm), and the photoluminescence quantum yield was around 20–30%. Setup of the 2-photon microscope Intravital 2PM was done

Silicon and germanium nanocrystals: properties and characterization

• Ivana Capan,
• Alexandra Carvalho and
• José Coutinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1787–1794, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.189

• [33]. From the GISAXS analysis, it is possible to determine size, shape, inter-NC distance and size distribution of NCs. Among all properties of semiconductor NCs, the optical properties have been the most extensively studied, usually by using photoluminescence (PL). Si NCs often show strong

• , immediately forming an oxide cap. Surface oxidation also decreases the gap energy of the NC, shifting its absorption and photoluminescence edges to the red [64][65]. Models of Si NCs embedded in SiO2 also show an optical redshift following oxidation, and suggest that this effect is associated not only with

• into the fundamental optical and electronic properties of different types of NCs. An open issue still resides on the difficult task of bridging the length scales from the largest sizes achievable numerically to the smallest sizes produced experimentally. Evolution of the Si NC photoluminescence spectra

Controlling the optical and structural properties of ZnS–AgInS₂ nanocrystals by using a photo-induced process

• Takashi Yatsui,
• Fumihiro Morigaki and
• Tadashi Kawazoe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1767–1773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.187

• room-temperature operation of nanophotonic devices, the spectrum width of photoluminescence (PL) needs to be narrowed. Emission-wavelength controlled nanocrystals with a narrow spectral range are also of great interest for display devices. This is because nanometer-scale control in wavelength is

Synthesis of hydrophobic photoluminescent carbon nanodots by using L-tyrosine and citric acid through a thermal oxidation route

• Venkatesh Gude

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1513–1522, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.164

• excitation wavelength dependent multicolor emission [2], upconversion photoluminescence (UCPL) [3], resistance to photobleaching, chemical and photochemical stability, low toxicity [4][5], and bio-compatibility. These associated properties of CNDs are exploited mostly in bio-imaging [6][7][8][9][10], bio

• ) are shown in Figure 6a for TCND-1 and in Figure 6b for TCND-2, respectively. The TCNDs exhibit a characteristic multicolor photoluminescence (PL) emission, which is dependent on the excitation wavelength (λex). The CNDs solutions exhibited a maximum emission intensity at 428 nm (2.89 eV) for TCND-1

• nanoparticle mixture it was found that the fractionated CNDs exhibited a 5–6 times higher quantum yield than the unfractionated CNDs mixture. The reported results by Vinci et al. suggested that some components (absorbing species) present in the mixture did not exhibit photoluminescence and suppressed the

Effects of palladium on the optical and hydrogen sensing characteristics of Pd-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Anh-Thu Thi Do,
• Hong Thai Giang,
• Thu Thi Do,
• Ngan Quang Pham and
• Giang Truong Ho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1261–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.140

• of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the photoluminescence (PL) properties and hydrogen sensing characteristics of gas sensors is investigated. The PL intensity shows that the carrier dynamics coincides with the buildup of the Pd-related green emission. The comparison between the deep level emission and

• : carrier dynamics; hydrogen sensing; Pd-doped ZnO; photoluminescence; sensor; Introduction Semiconductor zinc oxides (ZnO) nanocrystals are not only interesting for fundamental physics, but they are also important for both optoelectronic and emerging electronic device applications, in particular for

• -temperature wet-chemical process. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements at room temperature are then carried out in order to determine the role of vacancies, trapping levels, and the transition shift of the PL emission maximum in these samples. In order to study and optimize the four main factors affecting the

An insight into the mechanism of charge-transfer of hybrid polymer:ternary/quaternary chalcopyrite colloidal nanocrystals

• Parul Chawla,
• Son Singh and
• Shailesh Narain Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1235–1244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.137

• , CZTSe nanocrystallites display efficient photoluminescence quenching as evident from the high value of the Stern–Volmer quenching constant (KSV) and eventually higher charge transfer efficiency in their respective polymer P3HT:CZTSe composites. We modelled the dependency of the charge transfer from the

• the above observations was provided by investigating the photoluminescence intensities of each of the prepared hybrid nanocomposites of CISe, CIGSe and CZTSe. Emission intensity studies for each of the nanocrystal inks: P3HT were investigated by photoluminescence spectroscopy to study trends of

Surface processes during purification of InP quantum dots

• Natalia Mordvinova,
• Pavel Emelin,
• Alexander Vinokurov,
• Sergey Dorofeev,
• Artem Abakumov and
• Tatiana Kuznetsova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1220–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.135

• optical properties. Two methods of purification were compared and the surface processes which occur during purification were studied. Traditional precipitation with acetone is accompanied by a small increase in photoluminescence. It occurs that during the purification the hydrolysis of the indium

• interest as a replacement for toxic CdSe quantum dots (QDs). Among them, InP QDs attracted the most attention because they are not toxic and have a broad photoluminescence color range in the visible spectrum. There are several methods to synthesize InP NCs. The most popular synthetic route is the reaction

• quartz cuvette. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra were measured at room temperature with an Ocean Optics 4000 USB spectrometer calibrated by using a 2600 K W-lamp. Excitation of PL was carried out by using a 405 nm continuous laser LED (40 mW). Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were taken on a Rigaku

Optimizing the synthesis of CdS/ZnS core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals for bioimaging applications

• Li-wei Liu,
• Si-yi Hu,
• Ying Pan,
• Jia-qi Zhang,
• Yue-shu Feng and
• Xi-he Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 919–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.105

• QDs. Photoluminescence (PL) decay is an important parameter for the study of the optical and surface chemical properties of nanoparticles. A multi-exponential decay curve provides evidence for the presence of nonradiative and radiative recombination. If the electron–hole pair recombines through the

Biomolecule-assisted synthesis of carbon nitride and sulfur-doped carbon nitride heterojunction nanosheets: An efficient heterojunction photocatalyst for photoelectrochemical applications

• Hua Bing Tao,
• Hong Bin Yang,
• Jiazang Chen,
• Jianwei Miao and
• Bin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 770–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.89

• lattice spacing for the dark region and the dim region are 0.328 nm and 0.322 nm respectively, which are consistent with the XRD results. The HRTEM image gives solid evidence towards the formation of heterojunction in CN/CNS. Figure 6a shows the photoluminescence (PL) spectra of CN, CNS and a CN/CNS

• . The photoluminescence (PL) spectra were recorded using an LP920-KS instrument from Edinburgh Instruments, equipped with a photomultiplier tube. Photoelectrochemical measurements The photoelectrochemical properties of as-prepared samples were measured by using an electrochemical workstation (CHI 760E

• heterojunction. (a) FESEM image of CN/CNS heterostructure, (b) XRD and (c) nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and (d) pore size distribution (insert) of CN, CNS and CN/CNS heterostructure. TEM (a) and HRTEM (b) images of a CN/CNS heterostructure. (a) Photoluminescence of CN, CNS and CN/CNS in aqueous

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• carriers, quantum dots have a unique photoluminescence (PL). In comparison with organic dyes, quantum dots are characterized by unique optical and electronic properties such as a higher PL quantum efficiency, a wide continuous absorption, a narrower PL band, tunable luminescence depending only on their

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag–ZnO hybrid plasmonic nanostructures prepared by a facile wet chemical method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• Vandana Choudhary,
• Biswarup Satpati and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 639–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.75

• microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The effects of citrate concentration and Ag nanoparticle loading on the photocatalytic activity of Ag–ZnO hybrid nanostructures towards sun-light driven degradation of methylene blue (MB

• the background, with an energy slit of 8 eV for Zn, 30 eV for O and 2 eV for Ag. The observed EFTEM images confirmed the decoration of ZnO nanostructures with Ag nanoparticles. Optical absorption and photoluminescence The UV–visible absorption spectra of samples with varying Ag concentration are shown

• and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy at room temperature. The powder samples were dispersed in deionized water by sonication and their optical properties were studied by UV–visible absorption spectroscopy by using a dual beam spectrophotometer HITACHI U3300 in the wavelength range of 200–800 nm

Encapsulation of nanoparticles into single-crystal ZnO nanorods and microrods

• Jinzhang Liu,
• Marco Notarianni,
• Llew Rintoul and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.56

• micro-photoluminescence measurement on a single ZnO nanorod containing luminescent nanodiamonds and the spectrum has a different shape from that of naked nanodiamonds, revealing the cavity effect of ZnO nanorod. Keywords: crystal growth; encapsulation; nanoparticles; photoluminescence; ZnO nanorods

• photoluminescence under UV light excitation. Though ZnO micro/nanorods can be both light emitters and optical cavities, the drawback is that their luminescence is not tunable in terms of wavelength and efficiency. For laser applications, the visible emission of ZnO micro/nanocavities has a broad range which can be

• encapsulated. Complete encapsulation of nanoparticles attached to the side facets into the nanorod can be achieved if the newly-grown layer thickness is beyond the nanoparticle size. Micro-photoluminescence of a single ZnO nanorod containing luminescent nanodiamonds The 40 nm size NDs with NV luminescent

Preparation of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)-stabilized ZnO colloid nanoparticles

• Tatyana Gutul,
• Emil Rusu,
• Nadejda Condur,
• Veaceslav Ursaki,
• Evgenii Goncearenco and
• Paulina Vlazan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 402–406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.47

• photoluminescence intensity was increased because of the passivation of surface defects in the nanoparticles [7]. Nanohybrid films with resistivity of 108 Ω·cm were obtained by using PVP with molar mass of 400,000 at various Zn2+/PVP ratios [8]. Colloidal solutions of ZnO are obtained by different methods. For

• = 1.5418 Å) in the range of 2θ = 10–80° at room temperature. FTIR absorption spectra were measured with a PerkinElmer Spectrum100 FTIR spectrometer in the spectral range of 650–4000 cm−1 with a resolution of 2 cm−1 at a close-to-normal light incidence on the substrate at room temperature. Photoluminescence

• indicative of high-quality of ZnO nanoparticles in this sample, i.e., the PPV shell effectively passivates the surface defects of ZnO nanoparticles. The photoluminescence spectra of the components of a colloidal ZnO/PVP/methanol solution are shown in Figure 3. The methanol exhibits a broad luminescence

Photoactivation of luminescence in CdS nanocrystals

• Valentyn Smyntyna,
• Bogdan Semenenko,
• Valentyna Skobeeva and
• Nikolay Malushin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 355–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.40

• are an important class of materials due to the direct connection of their optical and electronic properties with the size of the particles. In particular the photoluminescence spectrum of high-quality nanocrystals extends from the UV to the IR spectral region due to the size-dependence of the energy

• fluorescence enhancement (PFE) [1][2][3][4][5], intermittency or blinking of photoluminescence [6][7][8], and a blue- or red-shift of the exciton PL of nanocrystals [5][9]. Despite the large number of works devoted to the surface interactions in II–IV QDs [2][3][4][5][10] the mechanisms responsible for the

• photoinduced edge photoluminescence. In order to study the conditions that result in a photostimulation of the band radiation with λmax = 480 nm we performed luminescence studies of the samples in vacuum. It has been found that the process observed in vacuum is reversed compared to the process observed in air